Sociology Sample test 3

13 June 2023
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Solomon Asch's research, in which subjects were asked to match lines, showed:
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d. the power of group membership to generate conformity.
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which of the following is part of the scientific management approach?
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d. all of the above.
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what is the correct sociological term for all people with a common status, such as "college students"?
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a. category
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from the point of view of a patient who is involuntarily committed, what type of formal organization is a mental hospital?
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a. coercive organization
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what traits have been described as a "female advantage"?
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d. all of the above
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formal organizations are:
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c. large secondary groups organized to achieve goals efficiently
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which of the following illustrates the operation of groupthink?
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c. a group gathers lots of information and makes a good policy recommendation.
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which types of leaders tend to downplay their positions and power, allowing the group to function more or less on its own?
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a. laissez-faire leaders
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which of the following is not one of the traits of bureaucracy noted by Max Weber?
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d. favoring family over strangers
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stanley milligrams research, in which subjects used a "shock generator," showed that:
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a. people are surprisingly likely to follow the orders of not only "legitimate" authority figures, but also groups of ordinary individuals.
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Max Weber argued that formal organizations, while efficient, have the ability to_______ people within them.
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a. alienate
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which of the following statements about social diversity and group dynamics is false?
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d. large groups turn outward.
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which of the following is the best example of a secondary group?
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d. a microsoft corporation awards banquet
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which of the following is evidence of the "Mcdonaldization of society"?
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d. all of the above
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a temporary, loosely formed collection of people who may or may not interact is a:
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b. crowd
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His friends begin to criticize this individual as a "boozer," pushing him out of their social circle. The individual begins to drink even more, becomes bitter, and joins a new group of friends who are all heavy drinkers. According to Edwin Lemert, this situation illustrates
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a. the onset of secondary deviance
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what is the term of crime committed by persons of high social positions in the course of their occupations?
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c. white-collar crime
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which of the following is a function of deviance noted by Emile Durkheim?
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d. all of the above are correct.
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crime differs from deviance in that crime
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d. is a violation of norms enacted into law.
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in his strain theory, Robert merton would use which of the following term to describe people, including alcoholics and drug addicts, who drop out
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d. retreatist
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a hate crime is defined as
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d. a criminal act motivated by racial or other bias
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in 1917, the Russian revolution transformed _______, placing productive property under the control of ________
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b. an agrarian society; the state
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Max Weber considered an individuals social position to be
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d. all of the above
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in english history, the meaning of primogeniture was
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d. to ensure that all children received part of the parents estate
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in recent decades a new clashes emerged in china, which is the
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c. business owners
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which of the following statements about social mobility in the united states is true
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d. all of the above are correct
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while race refers to _______ considered important by a society, ethnicity, refers to _______
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c. biological traits; cultural traits
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stereotypes are
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a. exaggerated descriptions applied to everyone in some category
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which of the following terms refers to biological reproduction by people of different racial categories
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b. miscegenation
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what is the term for a social group toward which we feel competition or opposition?
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a. out group
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the emergency room clerk who keeps a bleeding patient waiting while filling out extensive paperwork is a classic example of:
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d. bureaucratic ritualism
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which type of leader is likely to use humor to lighten a serious moment
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c. expressive leader
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the term bureaucracy refers to
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b. an organization model rationally designed to perform tasks efficiently
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from the point of view of parents, what type of formal organization is a school's parent-teacher association
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b. a normative organization
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which of the following terms refers to the rule of the many by the few
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a. oligarchy
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biological approaches offer
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b. a very limited understanding of crime
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because there are several hundred people in the united states or every police officer, police
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a. use discretion in deciding which situations warrant their attention
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what is the term for the formal system that responds to alleged violations of the law using police, courts, and prison officials
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a. the criminal justice system
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in Robert melons strain, theory the term ______ correctly describes a person who gets rich by defrauding a bank
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c. innovation
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in which fo the following regions is the poverty rate highest?
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a. central cities
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which of the following statements about jobs is not true?
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c. most of the highest- ranked occupations in the united states are dominated by women
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the term meritocracy refers to social stratification
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d. based entirely on personal merit.
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one of the following statements is not true. which is it?
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c. one family's social standing typically changes a great deal from generation to generation
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comparing a number of societies in history and around the world, we see that social stratification may involve differences in
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d. all of the above
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compared to the upper class, the middle class in the united states contains:
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d. far more racial and ethnic diversity
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what is the term for a social group that commands a members esteem and loyalty
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c. in-group
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which of the following is legal term meaning "guilty mind" that refers to criminal intent?
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c. mens rea
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what refers to a belief that one racial category is innately superior or inferior to another?
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b. racism
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samuel stuffers study of soldier morale during the world war 2 led to what conclusion
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b. whatever peoples situation in absolute terms, their sense of well-being comes from looking at themselves in relation to specific reference groups.
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crime against persons includes all but which of the following
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c. burglary