Sociology Ch 13-15

1. The concept of gender refers to ________

2. Men and women ________

3. On average, young men show greater _______ ability than young women; young women show greater ________ ability than young men.

4. On average, do women or men live longer?

5. Margaret Mead's research on gender in three societies in New Guinea illustrates that ________

6. In his global study of how societies view gender, George Murdock found ________

7. _______ refers to social organization in which males dominate females.

8. Based on the map and discussion in the text, in which continent do women have the lowest social standing in relation to men?

9. Throughout the life course, gender shapes ________

10. Which concept refers to attitudes and activities that a society links to people of each sex?

11. Today, women represent _________ of all students on college campuses across the United States.

12. The "beauty myth" refers to the idea that ________

13. Which factor has helped increase the share of women in the paid labor force over the course of the last century?

14. In today's U.S. work force, ________

15. The concept of "glass ceiling" refers to ________

16. In which of the following job categories are the workers mostly women?

17. The concept of "comparable worth" means that ________

18. The factor which accounts for the greatest share of the difference in the earnings of working women and men in the United States is ________

19. The category of the U.S. population in which women do most of the housework is ________

20. When it comes to gender and schooling, ________

21. Women earn what share of all bachelor's degrees in the United States?

22. As of 2015, women held about what share of seats in Congress?

22. In which of the following nations does the political power of women come closest to that of men?

23. Women have served in the U.S. armed forces ________

25. If you could end violence against women in one setting, doing so in which of setting would reduce this type of violence the most?

26. Sexual harassment became a widely recognized issue in the United States in ________

27. Most cases of female genital mutilation occur in ________

28. Sexual harassment is an important social issue because ________

29. Talcott Parsons explained that males tend to exhibit ________ behavior, while females are more ________.

30. Friedrich Engels claimed that capitalism ________

31. Engels claimed that men's desire to control their property brought about ________

32. According to intersection theory, ___________ is a source of social disadvantage.

33. When did feminism begin as a social movement in the United States?

34. Which type of feminism accepts the basic organization of U.S. society, but seeks to give women the same rights and opportunities as men?

35. Which type of feminism links the social disadvantages of women to the capitalist economic system?

36. Looking back over U.S. history, we see a general trend by which women ________

1. The story about the class at New York's Bronx Community College explains that ________

2. Human beings are all members of ________

3. Sociologists define the concept of "race" as ________

4. Typically, people who live in _______ perceive fewer racial categories than people who live in _______.

5. Why do sociologists consider the "scientific" racial types of Caucasian, Mongoloid, and Negroid to be misleading and even harmful?

6. Which of the following concepts refers to a shared cultural heritage?

7. A family leaves Russia and takes up residence in the United States, where they gradually lose Russian cultural traditions. Doing so, these people have modified their ________

8. Which of the following is the largest minority category within the U.S. population?

9. In the United States, minorities typically have less ________

10. A minority is defined as a category of people who are ________

11. Four states currently have a "minority majority." Which are they?

12. You would be expressing a "stereotype" if you ________

13. In which of the following clusters of states do we find the least racial and ethnic diversity?

14. Scapegoat theory states that prejudice is created by ________

15.Authoritarian personality theory states that extreme prejudice is ________

16. According to Theodor Adorno's authoritarian personality theory, prejudiced people ________

17. Conflict theory states that prejudice is ________

18. While prejudice is a matter of _______, discrimination is a matter of _______.

19. The claim that defining members of some minority as inferior will make them inferior is one application of ________

20. The United States is not truly pluralistic because ________

21. Assimilation refers to the process by which ________

22. The Matsui family came to the United States from Japan thirty years ago. They now speak English at home and the Matsui children date non-Japanese students at college. This family's story best illustrates which of the following concepts?

23. In the United States during the 1930s and 1940s, the existence of the "Negro leagues," with all African-American players, is an example of ________

24. Which of the following concepts refers to the physical and social separation of categories of people?

25. Douglas Massey and Nancy Denton documented which of the following patterns in U.S. inner cities?

26..The killing of people in the Darfur region of Africa is a recent example of ________

27. The ancestors of which of the following first settled in the Western Hemisphere?

28. When the first Europeans arrived in the Americas in the fifteenth century, Native Americans ________

29. The overall social standing of Native Americans is ________

30. People who are called "WASPs" have ancestors from which country?

31. Historically, WASPs dominated social life in the United States until about ________

32. What Gunnar Myrdal called the "American dilemma" was ________

33. A national civil rights movement, which ended most instances of lawful discrimination, took place during ________

34. The largest category of Asian Americans in the United States is people of _____ ancestry.

35. For Chinese immigrants, one result of living in Chinatowns was _____.

35. Which of the following categories of the U.S. population is most likely to own and operate a small business?

1. The share of the elderly population is increasing quickly in ________

2. Causes for the increase in the proportion of the population that is elderly include ________

3. The concept of "old-age dependency ratio" refers to ________

4. The concept of "gerontology" refers to ________

5. A majority of people over the age of sixty-five in the United States ________

6. With advancing age, older people notice ________

7. What effect did industrialization have on life expectancy in the United States and Western Europe?

8. Historically, how did industrialization change patterns of working for income among people over the age of sixty-five?

9. The type of society that typically operates as a gerontocracy is ________

10. Which of the following statements about the living arrangements of the elderly in the United States is correct?

11. Social isolation is most commonly a problem for ________

12. For most U.S. seniors, who is the greatest source of social support?

13. The practice of older people retiring from work ________

14. Which of the following illustrates the concept of "staged retirement"?

15. Over the life course, poverty rates in the United States are lowest among those ________

16. Poverty rates among African American and Hispanic elders in the United States are ________

17. Most caregiving to older people in the United States is provided by ________

18. The concept of "ageism" refers to ________

19. The main point of disengagement theory is that ________

20. Activity theory draws on ________

21. The main point of activity theory is that ________

22. In centuries past, with respect to dying ________

23. Today in the United States, what percentage of people dies after reaching the age of fifty-five?

24. In today's society, most deaths occur in ________

25. The right-to-die debate is mostly about ________

26. What document specifies the medical procedures an individual wants and does not want under specific medical conditions?

27. Which country has the most permissive law involving physician-assisted suicide in the world?

28. Which concept refers to assisting in the death of a person suffering from an incurable disease?

29. What is the term for a facility that provides care and comfort for people as they approach death?

30. Read the four terms below. Which of them is NOT one of the stages in the dying process described by Elisabeth Kübler-Ross?

1. As a social institution, the economy ________

2. Which social institution do most sociologists claim has the greatest effect on society as a whole?

3. The text describes three technological revolutions that transformed all of social life. Which of the following is NOT one of them?

4. The development of agriculture was set in motion by ________

5. As societies industrialize, a smaller share of the population works in which of the following locations?

6. Which of the following new sources of energy launched the Industrial Revolution?

7. The postindustrial economy is defined by ________

8. Which of the following statements about the Information Revolution is NOT correct?

9. Turning metals into automobiles is work that falls within the ________

10. The expansion of office work marks the growth of the economy's ________

11. The concept of "global economy" refers to ________

12. Capitalism is an economic system in which there is ________

13. In a capitalist economic system, "justice" amounts to ________

14. The social thinker whose ideas provide the greatest support for the operation of a free-market economy was ________

15. The United States is a mostly capitalist nation because ________

16. Socialism is an economic system in which there is ________

17. In a socialist economic system, "justice" amounts to ________

18. Which of the following concepts refers to a political and economic system that combines a mostly market-based economy with extensive social welfare programs?

19. The concept "state capitalism" refers to a system in which ________

20. Contrasted with socialist economic systems, capitalist economic systems are typically ________

21. Over the course of the last century, the share of people in the U.S. labor force involved in agricultural work ________

22. In the United States, yesterday's family farms have given way to ________

23. In recent decades, union membership ________

24. What percentage of today's U.S. workers are self-employed?

25. Which of the following would be included in the operation of the underground economy?

26. Which category of the U.S. population is showing the greatest labor-force increase in terms of percentage?

27. Computers are having which of the following effects on the workplace?

28. A conglomerate is ________

29. The concept "oligopoly" refers to ________

30. Modernization theorists see large corporations as ________

31. Dependency theorists see large corporations as ________