Management Review

Organizational ____ is the successful implementation of creative ideas in an organization.

is the knowledge, tools, and techniques used to transform inputs to outputs

A technology___begins with the birth of a new technology and ends when that technology reaches its limits and dies as it is replaced by a newer, substantially better technology.

The development of the digital camera forced Kodak into the innovation stream because the new imaging process was an

is the phase of a technology cycle characterized by technological substitution and design competition

In order from beginning to end, the phases of a technology cycle within an innovation stream consists of

which of the following statements about managing innovation is true?

Resistance to change will not occur when those affected by the change participate in its planning and implementation.

unfreezing, change intervention, and refreezing

Multinational corporation

tariff barriers and nontariff barriers

General Agreement on Tariffs and Trades

exporting; cooperative contracts; strategic alliances; wholly-owned affiliates

are both examples of cooperative contracts

is the collection of activities that transform inputs into outputs that customers value

This organizational structure was perceived as a way to enhance the accumulation and dissemination of knowledge. Institutions providing higher education have traditionally used ____

Hallmark has 4 departments. 1. Flowers and Gifts 2. Cards and E-cards 3. Hallmark Collectables 4. Photo Albums and Scrapbooks Hallmark uses ___ departmentalization

duplication

line; staff

accountability

leads to faster decision making and more satisfied customers and employees

determines the number, kind, and variety of tasks that individual workers perform in their jobs.

is the degree to which a job gives workers this discretion, freedom, and independence to decide how and when to accomplish their jobs.

All of these are reasons why teamwork can be more satisfying than traditional work

all of these describe advantage teams have over individuals in the decision-making process

traditional work groups, employee involvement teams, semi autonomous work groups, self-managing teams and self designing teams

shows how five kinds of teams differ in terms of autonomy

are informally agreed-on standards that regulate team behavior

is the extent to which team members are attracted to a team and motivated to remain with it

undermines team effectiveness by preventing teams from engaging in the kinds of activities that are critical to team effectiveness

cognitive conflict

de norming

is the process of finding, developing, and keeping the right people to form a qualified work force.

The intent of anti-discrimination law is to make factors such as gender, race, or age irrelevant in employment decisions

bona fide occupational qualifications (BFQQs)

is intentional discrimination that occurs when people are purposefully not given the same hiring, promotion, or membership opportunities because of their race, sex, age, ethnic group, national origin, or religious beliefs

is unintentional discrimination in which there is a substantially different rate of selection in hiring, promotion, or other employment decisions that works to the disadvantage of members of a particular race, sex, age, ethnicity, or protected group.

Sexual Harassment

is a rule of thumb used by the courts of the EEOC to determine whither there is evidence of adverse impact. A violation of this rule occurs when the selection rate for a protected group is less than a specified level of the selection rate for a nonprotected group.

is the form of sexual harassment in which employment outcomes such as hiring, promotion, or simply keeping one's job depend on whether an individual submits to sexual harassment

is a purposeful, systematic process for collecting information on the important work-related aspects of a job

help companies meet the legal requirement that their human resource decisions be job-related.

conduct a job analysis

the company will only receive applications from qualified people.

validated

background checks

cognitive ability tests

interview uses only standardized, job related interview questions that are prepared ahead of time and asked of all candidates

means providing opportunities for employees to develop the job-specific skills, experience, and knowledge they need to do their jobs or improve their performance

the cost of equipment and technology

Most employees and managers intensely dislike the performance appraisal process.

central tendency error

is a performance appraisal process in which feedback is obtained from the boss, subordinates, peers, and co-workers as well as the employees themselves.

determine the worth of each job by determining the market value of the knowledge, skills, and requirements needed to perform it.

Before firing employees, managers should give them a chance to improve

diversity

diversity has a broader focus

consists of differences such as personality and attitudes that are learned only through extended interaction with others and are communicated through verbal and nonverbal behaviors

surface level diversity

Accommodations for disabilities needn't be expensive

is the relatively stable set of behaviors, attitudes, and emotions displayed over time that makes people different form each other.

emotional stability

extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness to experience, emotional stability

is the degree to which someone is organized, hardworking, responsible, and achievement-oriented.