Sociology 2 example #82117

14 March 2024
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question
What sort of social mobility is possible in a caste system?
answer
There is little or no chance of social mobility.
question
Who acted kindly towards John Coleman when he went undercover as a homeless person and lived on the streets for ten days?
answer
Other homeless men
question
What makes Roger & Me a particularly sociological movie?
answer
It tries to make connections between large-scale social change and individual lives.
question
According to Chapter 8, what social class do "white collar" workers (employed in technical and lower management positions) belong to?
answer
The middle class.
question
What school of social thought insists that all social structures, including systems of stratification, are built out of everyday interactions.
answer
symbolic interactionism
question
What general predictions can be made about a person's life chances if all that is known is their social class?
answer
Education, Job, who they will marry, how long they will live
question
What is true of slavery as a system of social stratification?
answer
It is profitable for the slave owners. It is currently prohibited by every nation on earth. It continues to exist today. There are more people enslaved today than at any other time in human history.
question
What do sociologists call it when large numbers of people move up or down the social class ladder as a result of changes in the society as a whole?
answer
Structural mobility.
question
Poverty can be defined in either relative or absolute terms. How does relative deprivation measure poverty?
answer
By comparing the poor to more affluent members of society.
question
Which of the following is a serious flaw in the way that the federal government defines poverty?
answer
It doesn't take into account regional differences in the cost of living.
question
When the children of working-class parents manage to attend college and get a job in a professional field this is an example of:
answer
intergenerational mobility.
question
In the United States the federal poverty line is calculated with reference to food costs, based on the cheapest possible diet that can still provide basic nutrition. What sort of a measure of poverty is this?
answer
A measure of absolute deprivation.
question
How do law enforcement policies make the poor less visible?
answer
Moving the homeless out of high profile locations.
question
Which of the following is NOT one of the basic principles of social stratification?
answer
Often low-level groups still have access to all the rewards and privileges of higher level groups.
question
What do sociologists call an awareness of our own and others' class status?
answer
Class consciousness.
question
The difference between a person's ascribed status and their achieved status is measured in terms of their:
answer
intragenerational mobility.
question
Which of the following has the effect of making poverty "invisible" socially?
answer
Residential segregation. Political disenfranchisement. The use of law enforcement to move the homeless away from visible locations. The lack of exposure for successful attempts by the poor to organize.
question
Which of the following population groups are NOT associated with higher rates of poverty?
answer
Asian Americans.
question
Oscar Lewis was the first to suggest that because they are excluded from mainstream social life, the poor develop a way of life with fundamentally different values and goals, which make it much less likely that they will ever join the middle class. This way of life is usually called: Correct Response
answer
the culture of poverty.
question
What social factor makes it somewhat easier for Sweden to create a more egalitarian society?
answer
The relative homogeneity of race and religion.
question
According to Randall Collins, why do members of the lucrative professions like law and medicine support the current education system?
answer
Because they want to keep the number of professional jobs down, thus minimizing competition and ensuring there is a large population of people for the less lucrative, less pleasant professions
question
What subjects were taught by universities in europe in the middle ages?
answer
Law, theology, medicine
question
According to chapter 11, what do all religions have in common?
answer
a system of beliefs and rituals that establish a relationship between sacred and profound things
question
In their book, Schooling in capitalist America, Samual Bowls and Herbert Gintis argued that schools train a labor force with the skills and attitudes nessicary for the heath of a modern economy. What are these skills and attitudes?
answer
A tendency to take orders and perform tasks
question
What does Randall Collins recommend to reform the American Social system?
answer
Make it illegal to ask about educational credentials
question
What is religiosity?
answer
The extent of a persons commitment to religion
question
What is the means by which modern society transmits knowledge, values, and expectations to its members?
answer
Home schooled children can perform slightly better, on average than public school kids
question
What is the central means by which modern society transmits knowledge, values, and expectations to its members?
answer
Education
question
Which is the following is an example of how the hidden curriculum can reinforce inequality?
answer
When are all the professors at college are white and heterosexual
question
Religious groups that emphasize the importance of the literal interpretation of sacred texts are called?
answer
Fundamentalists
question
What change caused people to migrate into cities from rural areas?
answer
The switch into a manufacturing economy
question
Firms that purposely transcend national borders so that their products can be manufactured from sites all over the world are called?
answer
Transitional corporations
question
What are the benefits of telecommuting?
answer
Businesses get increased productivity and fewer sick days
question
Chapter 12 points out that the economy is not only about money but also about:
answer
The production, consumption, and distribution of goods and services
question
Workplaces where the all the employers must be members of the union are called?
answer
Closed groups
question
When office workers hang pictures in their cubicals or waste time this is and example of:
answer
individual resistance
question
The culteral and econamic changes that result from dramatic increases in international trade and exchange are called:
answer
Globalization
question
What is a sweat shop?
answer
A work place with poor working conditions below standard wages and long hours