Sociology Ch. 9, 10, 11

what term is used for the division f people into layers according to their relative property, power, and prestige?

Which of the following statements about slavery is true?

Which type of social stratification is determined by birth and lasts for life?

When Angela moved to South Africa in 1985, she was classified as African and, by law, was not allowed to mix with Europeans. Angela was a victim of

in 12th century Europe, people were stratified according to what system?

Why did Marx say that farmers lacked social consciousness?

What did Weber believe determined social class?

Donna works at a fast food joint but has managed to put a few dollars in the bank and even bought some stocks. She now sees herself more as a capitalist investor than a worker. What is this an example of?

How did Marx think we would arrive at a classless society?

Which of Weber's components of social class is the ability to control others?

Which of the following statements reflects the functionalist's view of social stratification?

Which concept would a conflict theorist stress

Why do Davis and Moore's views on social stratification make many sociologists uneasy?

Mosca argued that every society will be stratified by

Why do functionalists believe social inequalities must help societies survive?

What is an example of soft control?

In Kingdom XYZ, the penalty for telling critical stories about the queen was having your tongue cut off. This is an example of using ____ to control people.

To avoid ____, the ruling elite use ____ to control people.

How does our current technology help the ruling elite stay in power?

Why so those in charge approve of policies such as our Homeland Security laws?

In Great Britain, a person's social class is almost always betrayed by their

What was a similarity between the United States and the former Soviet Union?

Who led the 1917 worker's revolution in Russia?

The soviet Union struggled and their citizens were deprived, while Western countries thrived. Soviet leaders decided to make some changes in order to improve their society. What was one of those changes?

The author's term, ______ nation, includes countries that were formerly known as first world nations.

How does the author classify most of the nations that made up the former Soviet Union?

What characteristics should an industrializing nation have in order to belong in that category?

Which of the following statements about the least industrialized nations is true?

There are some nations that are not industrialized, but are still extremely wealthy. The author classifies these countries separately. ____ is an example of ne of these nations.

The legacy of ____ is a background factor in much contemporary racial-ethnic and tribal violence.

What is the purpose of colonialism?

In the world system theory, the ____ nations have stagnant economies.

Which type of nations were completely left out of capitalism?

What differentiates the culture of poverty theory from the other theories that try to explain how the world's nations became stratified?

Country X is very poor so it buys goods own credit from country Z. Unfortunately, country X is unable to pay more than the interest payments on the loans, so it remains perpetually in debt to country Z and must accept Z's trading terms. This is an example of

Sociologist Michael Harrington argued that when _____ fell out of favor, it was replaced by _____.

What is an effect of neocolonialism in the Middle East that we see in the United States today?

How do multinational corporations ensure favorable business climates for themselves in the least industrialized nations?

What is an unintended consequence of multinational corporations searching for cheap labor?

Historical shifts bring ____ distributions.

Which of the following statements about modern global stratification is true?

Political and economic changes in China have been accompanied by

In every society ____ is used as a basis for allowing access to the good things offered by the society.

_____ allows a person to work hard and move up in a(n) ____ system.

According to Marx, which groups have a class consciousness?

Functionalists believe that societies stratify by ____, whereas conflict theorists think they stratify by _____.

In a _____, the most qualified and hardworking people will reap the greatest rewards.

What did sociologist Gerhard Lenski believe was the key in a any given society to whether the functionalists or the conflict theorists were right?

What type of technology frustrates government agencies that monitor citizens?

The concept that a king has a Gd-given right to rule was a way of using ____ to control the peasants.

The British primarily perpetuate their class system through

In which system are classes abolished, but some social inequality remains?

As Russia transitioned from _____ to ____, criminal groups became more powerful.

Some people refer to nations that used to be considered second world nations as _____, but the author uses the term ____.

_____ allowed countries such as Great Britain to create new states in Africa and the Middle East without taking into consideration traditional tribal boundaries or local cultures.

What are the three theories that attempt to explain how global stratification came about?

Corporation Sell-A-Lot is headquartered in country A, but is has oil wells in country B, refineries in country C, and various factories in country D. Which country is most likely to be the primary beneficiary of Sell-A-Lot's profits?

A group of people with similar levels of property, power, and prestige are considered to be what?

Income inequality ____ in the United States since 1935.

Historically, ____ was displayed by what people were allowed to wear.

A low-income family with little wealth or property would be considered

What can occur when a person experiences a sudden increase in wealth, such as winning the lottery?

Mary Beth made clothing for herself and her family for many years. Now, she has a small shop with several employees who create clothing based on her designs. According to Wright (1985), Mary Beth occupies

Approximately _____ of the population belongs to the upper middle class.

The working class includes mostly

Workers with full-time jobs, who often must depend on government assistance programs for food, belong to which social class?

In what way has industrialization affected the underclass?

Because the wealthy have greater control over their lives, they ____ than the poor.

Most capitalist parents and some of upper middle class parents will ____ in order to give their children the best advantages.

The higher a person is on the social ladder, the more likely he or she is to vote for Republicans. Individuals at the lower end of the social ladder are

Because Bryon is a member of the working class, he is _____ to be robbed than a member of higher social class

Differences in the level of supervision at work between social classes results in differences in

When children establish themselves on different steps of the social ladder than their parents, they are experiencing

What is the term used to describe societal changes that allow large numbers of people to move to a new position on the social class ladder?

Upwardly mobile women are more likely to have ___ than women who are not upwardly mobile.

Sofi's parents worked multiple jobs in order to send her to college and give her a better life than they had. Sofi, now college educated, has made the jump to the middle class. What is one possible result of her social mobility?

To deal with the pain associated with upward social mobility, some upper middle class African Americans will live in

The United States government uses ___ to determine whether a person is considered poor

Poverty in the United States is clustered in the

What is one argument against the idea of a culture poverty?

Instead of traveling with her friends, Shaundrika saved her money for an eventual down payment on a house. This is an example of

What is the Horatio Alger myth?

Income describes a flow of money, whereas wealth is a person's

A person who is unemployed but owns a large amount of land has ____ wealth and _____ income.

The dominant members of society who tend to make the big decisions in regards to US society are known as

What two classes exist in Marx's model of social class?

Theo attended the best private schools as a child, and now, in college, is earning a degree in business. Theo is most likely a member of which class?

Which two social classes are less distinct from each other than any other social classes?

The poor often have greater stresses than the wealthy, which can lead to

Aaron is a member of the ____ class. His parents will have a great amount of influence on his choice of wife, because it will affect the entire family.

Individuals from lower status classes are more likely to be ____ than individuals from upper status classes.

Markus grew up in an upper middle class family, but dropped out of college and now works at a local fast-food restaurant. He experienced ____ mobility.

When large numbers of people move up or down the social ladder but the proportions of the population in each class do not change, it is called ____ mobility.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the trend in intergenerational mobility?

One reason the poverty line is not an accurate measurement of the poor in the United States is

Which of the following people is most likely to end up in poverty?

What do sociologists believe is the reason that people are poor?

Which of the following statements reflects a characteristic of sex rather than gender?

Like social class, ____ is a structural feature of society

What is a secondary sexual characteristic?

What is the difference between gender and sex?

Brenda was born a biological male, but raised as a girl due to the lack of a penis. She never knew she had been born male, or had a constructed vagina, or took female hormones around the time she was to start puberty. Despite all of this, she began to mimic male behaviors rather than female. What does this suggest?

Why do sociologists classify women as a minority group?

A system where men as a group dominate women as a group is a

What was the first country to elect more woman than men to its national register?

Which of the following examples of violence against women is no longer practiced today?

What did anthropologist George Murdock discover about sex typed work after he analyzed the data from 324 societies?

What do feminists believe?

Which part of the third way feminism dismays those feminists who were part of the second wave?

Wheat was the primary goal of the conservative branch of the first wave of feminism?

What was the prevalent attitude toward women in the 1960s?

Why did men like Dr. Clarke of Harvard believe women were less suited for high education than men?

In 1890, what percentage of paid workers were women?

What factor accounts for about 50% of the pay gap between men and women?

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the status of men and women as CEOs of large corporations?

Our views of sexual harassment in the workplace have changed over the years. Which of the following statements reflects how we now view sexual harassment?

Today's rape rate is about ___ what is was in 1990.

Jan was at a house party when she ran into John, a guy she knew from one of her classes. They got to chatting over some beer, and then she accompanied him to his room where they proceeded to make out. Jan decided she wanted another beer so John went to get it, but when he returned Jan had passed out. He decided to have sex with her anyway because it had been obvious that she wanted to have sex before she passed out. What John did is considered

In what part of the world are men more likely to commit murder than women?

Some sociologists argue that men are losing power and that some men turn violently against women as a way to reassert their declining power and status. This is an example of

How old is the typical rape victim?

Which of the following statements reflects the relationship between the sex of voters and the sex of elected officials in the United States?

In 1992 the first ______women was elected to the US Senate

Women are making stride in politics. For example, Nancy Pelosi was chosen to be the first female. `

What will happen as more activities are degendered?

As stereotypes are changing, what is happening?

Why does the future look hopeful for both men and women?

What is a primary sexual characteristic?

____ is an expression of gender not sex.

In a study of Viet Nam veterans, what did researchers discover about vets with higher tester one levels?

As new models of gender appear and are accepted, what is a likely outcome?

According to anthropologist Marvin Harris in his theory of how men became dominant, men were ___ and women became _____.

Which statement reflects an element of sex typing of work?

Why are women less likely to be given stress tests and have bypass surgery than men?

How is gender reflected in higher education

Why have men been resistant to feminism and granting women equal rights?

Sappy applied for an entry-level sales position with a major corporation. Instead, she was offered a different entry-level position in Human Resources, because they felt she would be better and support than direct sales. Over the years, Sally advanced in her department until she was running it; however, when she applied for senior management positions she was always rejected in favor of a man, even when her qualifications were superior. What prevented Sally from advancing to the top of the corporate ladder?

Women who work full time make about ____ of what men make.

What is one simple thing that women can do to increase their pay for their first job out of college?

Associating strength and virility with violence actually promotes violence. This explanation of gender violence is an example of

Women think they are most likely to be raped by a

Why could women take over the United States if they put their minds to it?