Socioeconomic status (SES) is a rating that combines the following social factors EXCEPT
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race and ethnicity
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Class system
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The distribution of scarce resources and rewards that is determined on the basis of achieved status.
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Caste system
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System in which scarce resources and social rewards are distributed on the basis of ascribed statuses.
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Social stratification
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Separation of members in society based on certain characteristics.
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Name and describe the two basic types of stratification systems.
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Caste System: a system in which scarce resources and social rewards are distributed on the basis of ascribed statuses. Class System: a system in which the distribution of scarce resources and rewards are determined on the basis of achieved statuses.
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How is socioeconomic status used to determine an individual's rank in society?
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SES determines rank in society based on the individuals wealth, power, and prestige. These factors are the result of an individual's education, occupation, and income.
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How does social class affect societal roles?
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Individuals with substantial wealth usually possess considerable power and these individuals are the ones that get the respect, honor, and recognition that are characteristics of prestige.
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Socioeconomic status
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A rating that combines social factors such as educational level, occupational prestige, and place of residence with the economic factor of income.
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Social class
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A group of people with similar levels of wealth, power, and prestige.
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Marriage outside of one's own social category is called exogamy.
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True
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Competition over scarce resources is seen as a cause of social inequality according to the conflict theory.
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True
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A division of society into categories, ranks, or classes is called social stratification.
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True
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Bourgeoisie
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Owners of the means of production in a capitalist society.
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In a ____, a person is assigned a status at birth and remains at that level throughout life.
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caste system
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The unequal sharing of scarce resources and social rewards is called
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social inequality
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Endogamy is marriage within one's own social category.
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True
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Based on the caste system in India, the Harijans are the highest rank in their caste system.
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False
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American society is based on the caste system.
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False
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In a class system, the distribution of scarce resources and rewards is determined on the basis of achieved status.
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True
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Name the three basic techniques used to rank individuals according to social class and describe each briefly.
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Reputational method: individuals in the community are asked to rank other community members based on what they know of their character and lifestyle. Subjective method: individuals are asked to determine their own social rank. Objective method: social class is defined by income, occupation, and education.
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The method of ranking social status that asks people to rank themselves is called the _____.
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Subjective method
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Those who hold jobs that require manual labor are in the
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working class
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The United States has an open class system based on social mobility that includes
A doctor whose father works as a janitor would be an example of _____.
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Intergenerational mobility
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A groundskeeper who moves from a school to a church and remains a groundskeeper is experiencing _____.
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Horizontal mobility
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Techniques used to rank individuals according to social class are
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Reputational
Subjective
Objective
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Advances in technology can cause workers with outdated skills to experience _____.
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Downward social mobility
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Differences between social classes in the United States are based on
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income, lifestyle, and beliefs
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Identify and describe the three types of social mobility.
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Horizontal mobility: movement within a social class or stratum. Vertical mobility: movement between social classes or strata. Intergenerational mobility: status differences between generations in the same family.
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Lower middle class
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nursing and sales are professions associated with this social class
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Social classes in the United States are usually divided into three classes—upper class, middle class, and lower class.
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True
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Families that experience unemployment and poverty over several generations are considered
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underclass
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The subjective method is used to define social class by income, occupation, and education.
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False
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Individuals that are primarily high-income business people and professionals are
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upper middle class
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Underclass
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social class that relies on public assistance
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An open class system is based on social mobility that includes
