Inquisitive Sociology Exam 4 Questions

35%

Social institutions such as politics, provide critical functions education, provide critical functions for the and religion provide critical functions for the needs of society and help maintain order and unity

social institutions such as politics, education, and religion represent the interests of those in power and thus create and maintain inequalities in society

social institutions such as politics, education, and religion are created through individual participation; they give meaning to and are part of the everyday experience of members.

politikos

31%

Randall Collin's The Credential Society

Jonathan Kozol's Savage Inequalities

Robert Rosenthal and Leonore Jacobson's Pygmalion in the Classroom

-As much as the power of the media has transformed politics, the reverse is also true. -The 2016 presidential election year started with most Americans-about three-quarters of both Republicans and Democrats alike-believing in the media's role as a "watchdog" for political leaders.

-By the end of 2018, 38 percent of Democrats, compared to just 82 percent of Republican's, supported the idea of the media as political watchdog. -The media have been referred to as the "Third Estate"

1) An American-born Israeli physician opened fire in the Ibrahim Mosque in the Cave of the Patriarchs 2) The Tokyo subway was attacked using sarin nerve gas 3) At an Ariana Grande concert in Manchester, England, 22 people were killed and 115 were injured

-If a student finishes a bachelor's degree in four years at an affordable college, it will take the student nine years after graduation to break even -Selection of major is one of the most important variables in understanding whether a college degree is worth it

-The average lifetime earnings for someone with a bachelor's degree is approximately $3 million -Randall Collins argued the college will always be a good investment

(Going Left) Protestant, Unaffiliated, Other faiths, Muslim, Buddhist, Jewish, Other Christian, Mormon, Hindu, Catholic

1) Protest against the Iraq War 2) The beginning of the Black Lives Matter movement 3) Women's March on Washington 4) March for Our Lives

1) A nation at Risk report is released 2) School vouchers were first proposed 3) The Common Core State Standards are developed 4) President Obama announced a federal initiative to make community college tuition-free

In 2015, President Obama launched the American College Promise program, a federal initiative to make community college attendance free for many students. Inspired by the success of Tennessee and Chicago's tuition-free community college programs, the initiative was aimed at helping millions of students by increasing community college accessibility (Parsons 2015). A new bill, America's College Promise Act, was introduced in the United States Senate in 2018. In the meantime, sixteen states have initiated their own college promise programs, and dozens of others have been started at local or regional levels (Mishory 2018).

-A filter bubble is created by search engine algorithms that deliver customized findings based on a user's online history and social media circles

-In the 2016 presidential election, all three major-party candidates (Hillary Clinton, Bernie Sanders, and Donald Trump) used Facebook and Twitter extensively in their campaigns, but Sanders stood out in the ways that he utilized these social media platforms -Formenting distrust of reliable mainstream news outlets imperils their function as a check and balance on power that the framers of the Constitution had in mind -Echo chambers refer to how fraudulent news stories can spread quickly online

-In 2016 presidential election year started with most Americans- about three-quarters of both Republicans and Democrats alike-believing in the media's role as a "watchdog" for political leaders -As much as the power of the media has transformed politics, the reverse is also true

-By the end of 2018, 38 percent of Democrats, compared to just 82 percent of Republicans, supported the idea of the media as a political watchdog -The media have been referred to as the "Third Estate"

38%

-Religion provides the opportunity to come together with others -Religion provides morals, values, rules, and norms for its participants -Religion gives meaning to our lives

-religion promotes inequality between media and women

fundamentalist

25%

Heaven's Gate, The Branch Davidians

Shia, Protestantism

The Amish, Mennonites

-More than a third of the U.S. Catholic population is Hispanic -The white Christian population is shrinking

-More people are turning away from fundamentalism -More people are turning toward organized religion

Sociologist C. Wright Mills was one of the first to propose a theory of the power elite. This conflict theory perspective suggests that a relatively small group of people in the top ranks of economic, political, and military institutions make many of the important decisions in American society. Since the introduction of this theory into the literature, G. William Domhoff has studied this phenomenon extensively

-Charter Schools face many challenges -Charter schools are public schools run by private entities, which operate relative freedom from many of the bureaucratic regulations that apply to traditional public schools

-School vouchers allow parents in neighborhoods where the public schools are inadequate to send their children to the charter school of their choice

1960

True

un-unlimited spending on campaigns by corporations, unions, and other noncampaign entities -over $1 billion spent in support of candidates in the 2016 presidential election -the creation of Super PACS (political action committees) -[NOT CASE RESULT] unlimited spending on campaigns by political parties

-Civic engagement has a positive effect on spirituality -the qualities of spirituality have a positive effect on academic performance -researchers from UCLA developed five qualities of spirituality

-spirituality declines among college students

Jamal's parents obtain a school voucher from the government because his neighborhood school has been consistently labeled "failing" by the state government. Jamal will now be able to attend this type of school.

Jennifer's parents allow her to choose her own curriculum freely at home that allows her to direct her exploration of subject matter.

A group of teachers and parents petition the state government to give them the autonomy to open a new elementary school that focuses on bilingual education and the arts. The new school will be this type of school.

-under authoritarianism, citizens have no say in who rules them, what laws are made, or how those laws are enforced -dictators may gain control through a military coup or by being legally elected or appointment -two types of authoritarianism are dictatorship and totalitarianism

-generally, political power is concentrated in the hands of a few elites who control only economic resources

hidden curriculum

1) The fifteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution technically gave all adult males of all races voting rights 2) Women earned the right to vote in the United States 3) Native Americans were legally given the right to vote in federal elections 4) Residents of the District of Columbia (DC) were given the right to vote in presidential elections 5) The Voting Rights Act officially removed all barriers and allowed African Americans to vote

money

False