Chapter 6

Bones are constantly undergoing resorption (breaking bone down) for various reasons. Which of the following cells accomplishes this process? a) osteocyte b) osteoclast c) Osteoblast d) stem cell

Bones are classified by whether they are weight bearing or protective in function. True/False.

The main role of the axial skeleton is to protect and support vital organs. Is this statement true or false?

The pubic symphysis connects the two hip bones anteriorly and provides a little movement during childbirth. Choose the most appropriate tissue for this structure that is subjected to both pressure and stretch. a) bone b) elastic cartilage c) hyaline cartilage d) fibrocartilage

Spine

Forearm

Facet

Ramus

Trochanter

The trabeculae of spongy bone are oriented toward lines of stress. True/False

A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the ________. a) epiphysis b) metaphysis c) diaphysis d) articular cartilage

The periosteum is secured to the underlying bone by ________. a) Volkmann's canals b) the struts of bone known as spicules c) perforating (Sharpey's) fibers d) a bony matrix with hyaline cartilage

An osteon contains osteocytes, lamellae, and a central canal, and is found in compact bone only. True/False

Flat bones consist of spongy bone sandwiched between compact bone. Is this statement true or false?

In newborn infants, the medullary cavity and all areas of spongy bone contain yellow bone marrow. True/False

Endosteum

Osteoclasts

Lamellae

Canaliculi

Osteoblasts

When chondrocytes in lacunae divide and form new matrix, it leads to an expansion of the cartilage tissue from within. This process is called __________. a) calcification b) hematopoiesis c) interstitial growth d) appositional growth

When an osteoblast becomes completely surrounded by its own matrix secretions it is referred to as an ________. a) chondrocyte b) osteogenic cell c) osteocyte d) osteoclast

Sixty-five percent of the mass of bone is a compound called hydroxyapatite. True/False

The resilience of bone is thought to come from which of the following? a) amount of mineral salts in the bone b) presence of osteoblasts in the bone c) amount of mineral salt and protein in the bone d) sacrificial bonds in or between collagen molecules

Which pairing is NOT correct? a) axial skeleton; supports internal organs b) appendicular skeleton; used during movement c) axial skeleton; bones of the limbs d) appendicular skeleton; limb girdles

Which type of cartilage is NOT properly matched with its function? a) hyaline cartilage; cover the ends of bones b) skeletal cartilage; reinforce airways c) elastic cartilage; withstand repetitive bending d) fibrocartilage; withstand pressure and stretch

Cartilage grows in two ways, appositional and interstitial. What is appositional growth? a) growth at the epiphyseal plate b) the lengthening of hyaline cartilage c) along the edges only of existing osteons, making each osteon larger d) the secretion of new matrix against the external face of existing cartilage