SOC Chapter 13

Jacqui is a student at a Catholic middle school. One day she is asked by her friends from the public school to skip school. Though Jacqui wants to be with her friends and is excited by the thought of breaking the rules, she decides not to go. Jacqui is concerned that if she were seen skipping school, her actions would reflect badly on her school, her parents, and her teachers. She also does not want to undermine the trust that adults have placed in her. Her rationale illustrates how ________ in Catholic schools may influence behavior.

Approximately what percentage of the nation's population age 16 years and older is innumerate?

What was the name of the landmark court ruling that mandated desegregation of American schools?

Research has shown that the ________ the family, the ________ the children's achievement on test scores and grades.

If affirmative action programs were eliminated, which group would most likely see an increase in chances of admission to elite colleges and universities?

One important finding from the Coleman Report was that:

With regard to biological or genetic differences between people, sociologists have found that:

Steve is facing medical bills that threaten to bankrupt him. He reads an article about Kari Smith's "creative" financing of her son's college education. Steve decides to follow her example, so he:

Though she graduated from high school, Jenny does not possess the skills necessary to balance her checkbook or make change for a customer without the aid of a cash register. Jenny is:

Modern-day schools tend to reward which of the following parenting techniques?

Which of the following best illustrates the concept of cultural capital?

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates "stereotype threat"?

Which of the following is an argument against the sorting function served by schools? The sorting function results in students being:

With regard to research on the effects of race and social class on education outcomes, which of the following is true?

According to Espenshade and Chung (2005), eliminating affirmative action programs would do which of the following?

Which of the following examples would be supported by the research findings on the influence of home characteristics on education?

Broadly defined, education is:

Sociologist Stephen Morgan researched students in private Catholic schools, looking for a relationship among academic achievement, religiosity, and parental involvement. His findings about the non-Catholic students at Catholic schools would lead him to encourage parents to:

Results from the Coleman Report found that:

Rosenthal and Jacobson's 1968 study of the Pygmalion effect provided strong evidence that teacher expectations matter. Mr. Hildebrand is a teacher who reads this study and, in an effort to improve his teaching, decides to:

Studies show that ________ school students score highest on achievement tests, followed by ________ school students.

Contrary to popular belief:

Marilee Jones, former dean of admissions at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), resigned from her position in April 2007 after it came to light that she had claimed to have academic degrees she did not have. While this is an extreme case, it illustrates the overemphasis on qualifications such as college degrees in order to be hired for a job. This is known as:

Jackson's parents pay for him to take private violin lessons and send him to language lessons after school. In the summer, he attends science camp. His parents try to take him on one vacation to a foreign country every year. Jackson's parents hope that these activities will build his skills and better position him to get into a competitive university. Jackson's parents are investing in his:

With regard to the effects of families on children's educational outcomes, which of the following is true?

The SAT was developed in order to provide children from public schools with a chance to demonstrate their fitness for college and to show they are as able as students from private high schools. It is therefore ironic that:

Which of the following is an argument against tracking in schools?

One of the major reasons Native Americans were placed in boarding schools for 60 years was:

Which of the following is mentioned in your text as a criticism of using the SAT as a college admissions criterion?

Which of the following is an argument in favor of school vouchers?

One of the problems with credentialism is that more and more students (with their parents' help) are attempting to attend private schools or to be placed in the best tracks in their public school. This may be one of the reasons that:

A public school uses the approach of ________ to divide students into classes based on ability or future plans.

Which of the following is a sociological criticism of the idea that IQ affects educational outcomes?

Espenshade, Chung, and Walling (2004) studied admission to elite colleges and found that ________ were 4 times more likely than other students to gain admission, and ________ were 3 times more likely to be admitted.

Boys are more likely to engage in risky behaviors and experience problems at school; boys are also more likely to ________ than girls.

A Marxist theorist of education would critique schools for socializing children to accept the status quo, because schools:

William, a 17-year-old high school student, chooses products in the grocery store by looking at the pictures on the labels of the goods on the shelves because he cannot read many of the words. William would be considered:

Thomas transfers to a new school when his family moves to a new district, and he is placed in a classroom with students who have slightly higher average math grades than he does. Based on the research, what is the most likely outcome? Thomas will:

Which of the following is a conflict perspective argument about why education levels have continually risen in the United States over the course of the last century?

Dr. Shamus Khan studied one of the most elite boarding schools in the nation. Suppose that graduate student Kia Darby replicates Dr. Khan's methodology in her study of public schools in Appalachia. Kia:

Research on teacher quality demonstrates that:

Suzanne and Jessica are best friends. They have been in the same classes throughout elementary school and have performed similarly with respect to grades. Suzanne's dad owns his own company and her mom is a lawyer. Jessica's dad is a plumber and her mom works at Walmart. All other things being equal, which is a true statement?

A paradox of the American education system is that education is:

Which of the following is a finding of the research examining the effects of class size on educational achievement?

Affirmative action practices refer to policies that:

Knowledge and skills that make someone more productive and bankable are known as:

Which of the following statements is true about college admissions decisions?

Which of the following would be an example of social capital?

What is the relationship between birth weight and education?

What might be a plausible reason that upper-status students score higher on SATs?

Which of the following is an argument that would be made by a conflict theorist?

Based on recent research, which of the following statements is true with regard to preferential admissions to colleges and universities?

The embodied cultural capital that parents have may work with institutional cultural capital. Which of the following illustrates this?

What is one consequence of more people obtaining college degrees?

Which of the following trends in current educational achievement is supported by research evidence?

Taking into account students' family backgrounds, ________ schools tend to outperform ________ schools in preparing children academically.

Which of the following is a factor affecting the strong academic performance of Asian Americans?

Approximately ________ percent of the nation's population 16 years and older is functionally illiterate.

Which of the following is an argument in support of tracking in schools?

The Coleman Report was a systematic large-scale evaluation of data from students and school facilities. It concluded that differences in school characteristics explained: