Ch. 3 Personality

1) Freud went to Paris to study with the famous neuropathologist J. M. Charcot, who was studying

2) "Hysteria," common in the 1800s, most often exhibited itself through these symptom(s).

3) What is the technique of "free association?"

4) Freud's theory dealt with sexuality because

5) Freud believed that dreams had two aspects: their

6) What is the "latent content" of a dream, according to Freud?

7) Freudian theory would likely interpret a dream in which someone tries over and over (but fails) to scale a mountain to reach a friend as indicating

8) According to Freudian theory, how might dreams be similar to icebergs?

9) When Freud commented that "sometimes a cigar is just a cigar," he was referring to the fact that

10) Freud referred to __________ as the "royal road" to understanding the unconscious.

11) What is the "id"?

12) In psychoanalytic theory, the id has __________ as a main goal.

13) The ego

14) An 11-year-old boy is getting bullied at school and has to make a decision what to do about it. According to Freud's theory on the structure of the mind, which scenario best describes a decision made by the ego?

15) The job of the superego is to

16) Which situation best describes the actions of the superego?

17) The __________ operates under the "pleasure principle," while the __________ operates under the "reality principle."

18) When the ego and superego do not do their job properly

19) According to Freudians, why do "Freudian slips" occur more often when we are tired or distracted?

20) Freudian theory uses the term "libido" to refer to

21) Which is not one of the five Freudian stages of psychosexual development?

22) From Freud's perspective, a likely reason for someone to become fixated at the oral stage is that he or she

23) What best describes behaviors that would result from a fixation in the oral stage of development?

24) Someone who is fixated at the anal stage might

25) Which trait is not associated with the anal character type?

26) Psychoanalysts would most likely predict which of the following outcomes in adulthood for a child who was severely punished every time he dirtied his diapers?

27) A phobia is

28) In Freud's "Analysis of a Phobia in a Five-Year-Old Boy," Little Hans claimed to be afraid of

29) Freud attributed Little Hans' phobia of horses to

30) According to Freud, a male infant FIRST develops attachment to his __________, and a female infant to her ___________.

30) The Oedipus complex occurs during the ___________ stage.

31) What best describes the "Oedipus complex"?

32) The __________ complex is the term given to the female version of the "Oedipus complex"?

33) The years between the phallic and genital stages is called the ___________ period.

34) According to Freud, a deep unconscious conflict for women centers on

35) Freud believed that women in abusive relationships were there because

36) In Freud's usage, a "defense mechanism" has the effect of

37) The ego-protective defense mechanism in which traumatic events are pushed into the unconscious is called

38) A current controversy that is relevant to the idea of repression deals with

39) In Freud's time, many reports of childhood sexual molestation

40) Reaction formation is when

41) When a televangelist like Jim Bakker passionately preaches religious morality in public while secretly engaging in immoral sex in private, this may be an example of which defense mechanism?

42) An overweight woman who has a secret stash of candy in her office at work constantly criticizes everyone else about their calorie and fat intake and is always passing around the newest fad diet book to all her coworkers. Which of Freud's defense mechanisms best describes this situation?

43) When terrorists destroyed the World Trade Center in New York, many people were missing. In many cases, their relatives stayed calm and looked for the missing in local hospitals. This calm response is likely due to relatives' use of the defense mechanism of

44) Rudy has unconscious urges to take things that are not his. He has never actually stolen anything, however. He works as a security guard at the mall and is very good at his job because he is very suspicious of others; he sees evidence of thieves all around him. In fact, almost every time he sees an unfamiliar face, he believes the individual to be dishonest and looking for something to snatch. Rudy's ego-defense mechanism is

45) Jewel does not get along with her employer, and today, she found out that she is going to be demoted next week. She didn't confront her boss; instead, when she got home, she yelled at her children and spanked her youngest child for a minor wrongdoing. Jewel's behavior is a classic example of

46) Sublimation occurs when

47) Explaining great creativity like da Vinci's in terms of a redirection of tremendous sexual energy describes a process of

48) A stressed woman who hides from her problems by climbing into her (older) husband's lap for comfort may be showing which defense mechanism?

49) A five-year-old boy has his first day of kindergarten the next day. The night before his first day, he begins to eat with his hands at the dinner table, cry when his mother won't dress him for bed, suck his thumb, and whine when his mother won't stay with him until he falls asleep. Which of Freud's defense mechanisms best describes this situation?

50) Regression in adults

51) If Kathleen moves to another state (where her boyfriend also happens to reside), but she states that he had nothing to do with her decision, and that her only reason for moving is that she prefers the climate in the new state, she is most likely to be using __________ as an ego-defense mechanism.

52) In his book Totem and Taboo, Freud traced the origin of civilization to the time when

53) Freud's view on free will is that

54) Hypermnesia refers to

55) According to modern researchers such as Drew Westen,

56) One successful way of uncovering memories in psychoanalysis is

57) What is a major flaw in Freud's theory of "infantile amnesia"?

58) "Explicit memory" refers to what?

59) The inability to retrieve new memories shortly after an experience has occurred is called __________ amnesia.