Chapter 20 AP 2

25 July 2022
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question
Which statement correctly describes the origin of lymph fluid?
answer
Lymph is excess tissue fluid formed from plasma that has leaked from capillaries
question
Which of the following correctly describes the pathway of lymph?
answer
lymphatic capillaries to lymphatic vessels to lymphatic trunks to lymphatic ducts
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Where do B lymphocytes mature?
answer
red bone marrow
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The blood testis barrier is to newly formed sperm cells as the blood thymus barrier is to ________.
answer
t lymphocyte precursors
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Which of the following mechanisms is NOT used to propel lymph through lymphatic vessels?
answer
small, heart-like pumps
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Which of the following lymphoid cells trap antigens and transport them to lymph nodes?
answer
dendritic cells
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lymphoid tissue is mainly reticular connective tissue
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true
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Which of the following promotes closure of the minivalves associated with lymph capillaries?
answer
increasing pressure inside the lymph capillary
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What is the main function of the lymphatic system?
answer
The lymphatic system returns leaked fluid and plasma proteins that escape from the bloodstream to the blood.
question
Lymph from the right leg ultimately is delivered to which duct in the thoracic region?
answer
thoracic duct
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Select the correct statement about lymphocytes.
answer
B cells produce plasma cells, which secrete antibodies into the blood.
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Which lymphoid organ extracts aged and defective blood cells and platelets from the blood in addition to storing some of the breakdown products for later reuse?
answer
C
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Which of the following is NOT a part of the lymphatic system?
answer
erythrocytes
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What is the name of the enlarged sac to which the lumbar trunks and the intestinal trunk return lymph?
answer
cisterna chyli
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Which of the following are primary lymphoid organs?
answer
bone marrow and thymus
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Which of the following areas in a secondary lymphoid organ allows intimate contact between blood and the lymphocytes?
answer
white pulp of the spleen
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Where in the lymph node do the T cells first encounter antigens presented by dendritic cells?
answer
deep in the Cortex
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Collections of lymphoid tissues, called MALT, are strategically placed throughout the respiratory, digestive, and genitourinary systems. Which one of these is located at the end of the small intestine?
answer
peyers patches
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There is a decrease in our ability to fight infection as we age. Which lymphoid organ may have a role in this decline?
answer
thymus
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A patient's deep hand laceration was sutured at your clinic yesterday. When you make a follow-up call today, the patient reports "some red streaks on my forearm." Why are you concerned?
answer
he red streaks suggest lymphangitis, which occurs when the blood vessels that supply inflamed lymphatic vessels (vasa vasorum) become congested with blood. You are concerned that the patient's wound is infected by bacteria.
question
The thymus is the only lymphoid organ that does NOT ________.
answer
directly fight antigens
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Within buboes, bacteria are directly attacked by ______.
answer
macrophages
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Tonsils have blind-ended structures called ________ that trap bacteria and particulate matter.
answer
tonsillar crypts
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which lymphoid organ or tissue lacks a reticular fiber stroma?
answer
thymus
question
Which of the following statements is true regarding veins versus lymphatic collecting vessels?
answer
Veins have fewer internal valves than lymphatic vessels.
question
What is the unique structural modification in lymphatic capillaries that increases their permeability?
answer
mini valves
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Lymph capillary permeability is due to minivalves and protein filaments.
answer
true
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Lymph arrives at the lymph nodes via afferent lymphatic vessels.
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true
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What is a bubo?
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an infected lymph node
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Like blood, lymph flows both to and from the heart.
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false
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dendr
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resembling a tree
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chyl
answer
means juice
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lymph
answer
means lymph, lymphatic tissue, or lymphocytes
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med
answer
means middle
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What is the function of the endothelial minivalves in lymph capillaries?
answer
increase permeability
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Which of the following statements regarding the thymus is FALSE?
answer
it has follicles similar to those in the spleen
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What anatomical area(s) is/are protected by the tubal tonsils?
answer
the passage from the pharynx to the middle ear
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Digested fats are absorbed from the intestine by the lymph capillaries.
answer
true
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The __________ tonsil(s) is/are referred to as the adenoids if enlarged.
answer
pharyngeal
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Of the following lymphoid organs, which is/are structurally simplest and lack(s) a complete capsule?
answer
tonsils
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The thymus is most active during ________.
answer
childhood
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The spleen is a unique lymphoid organ that filters blood, rather than lymph. Following splenectomy (surgical removal of the spleen) in an adult, which of the following splenic functions would be performed by the bone marrow or liver?
answer
removal of aged and damaged red blood cells from the blood
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Lymphatic capillaries are present in ________.
answer
digestive organs
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Which of the following is NOT a function of the spleen?
answer
produce new erythrocytes in adults
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Which of the following is a role of lymph nodes?
answer
they filter lymph
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Once collected, lymph is ultimately transported into __________.
answer
venous circulation
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Peyer's patches are mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue located in the __________.
answer
wall of the small intestine
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The lymphatic capillaries are ________.
answer
more permeable than blood capillaries
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Lymph from what regions of the body is drained into the right lymphatic duct?
answer
the right upper limb, the right side of the head, and the right thorax
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Your patient has had her spleen removed after it was ruptured in a motorcycle accident. Which of the following is your greatest concern for her future health status?
answer
infection
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Where are Peyer's patches located?
answer
distal portion of the small intestine
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Lymphatic capillaries are NOT found in __________.
answer
bone marrow
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Which of the following vessels delivers lymph into the junction of the internal jugular vein and the subclavian vein?
answer
thoracic duct
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Although B and T lymphocytes originate in the bone marrow, T cells mature in the ________.
answer
thymus
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Which of the following lymphoid tissues/organs do(es) NOT contain reticular connective tissue?
answer
thymus
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Which of the following distinguishes lymphatic vessels from veins?
answer
lymphatics collect larger materials
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When tissues are inflamed, lymphatic capillaries permit uptake of large particles such as cell debris, pathogens, and cancer cells.
answer
true
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Where in the lymph node is a dendritic cell most likely associated with and activating a T lymphocyte?
answer
cortex
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Which of the following lymphoid organs is NOT matched with its function?
answer
peyers patches: site of B cell maturation
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Which lymphoid cells produce antibodies?
answer
plasma cells
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mall secondary lymphoid organs, which cluster along lymphatic vessels, are termed ________.
answer
lymph nodes
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Which part of the spleen is its primary site of immune function?
answer
white pulp
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Lymphangitis is caused by ______.
answer
an infection
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Where are the three large clusters of superficial lymph nodes?
answer
the cervical, inguinal, and axillary regions
question
What region of the lymph node contains follicles filled with dividing B cells?
answer
cortex
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Lymphedema may be treated by all EXCEPT which of the following?
answer
bed rest to allow enhanced blood flow and therefore healing of the affected area
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Flow of lymph through a lymph node is slowed due to ________.
answer
fewer efferent vessels draining it compared to many afferent vessels feeding it
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Which of the following organs or locations do(es) not contain MALT (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue)?
answer
lymph nodes
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Lymphocytes reside temporarily in lymphoid tissue, then move to other parts of the body.
answer
true
question
Which lymphoid organ(s) appear(s) before the others?
answer
thymus