Sociology Exam 1: Ch. 1-5

scientific study of social behavior and human groups ex: social life, community, society

C. Wright Mills an awareness of the relationship between an individual and wider society

investigation of behavior coined term "sociology"

behavior must be understood within larger social context Anomie

loss of direction felt in society when social control of individual behavior becomes ineffective ex: Purge

Verstehen and Ideal type

empathy

Construct perfection

The Communist Manifesto

working class should overthrow existing system

division of individual's identity into 2 or more social realities

used sociological perspective to examine face-to-face groups mirror = eyes of society

Cultural capitol and social capitol

non-ecomomic goods reflected in knowledge of language and arts

collective benefit of social network ex: friends

Harmony and stability

open, stated, conscious functions intended and recognized consequences of an aspect of society

unconscious or unintended functions may reflect hidden purpose

Elements or processes of society that may disrupt a social system or reduce its stability EX: MLK, racial equality and civil rights movement is a positive example

assumes social behavior best understood in terms of conflict of tension between competing groups EX: Have v. Have Nots

Verbal and non verbal

gestures, facial expressions, and postures

Dramaturgical approach

actors (society) costume, makeup

totality of learned, socially transmitted coutoms, knowledge, material objects, and behavior "American Dream"

force that standardizes the goods and services demanded by consumers

tendency to assume that one's own culture and way of life represents the norm or is superior to others

people's behavior from the perspective of their own culture

process of introducing a new idea or object to a culture

making known or sharing existence of an aspect of reality

Existing cultural items combined into form that did not exist before

spread

efficiency, predictability calculability

falling behind with up to date technology having a Nokia phone in a smartphone culture

segment of society that shares distinctive pattern of mores, folkways, and values that differs from larger society

specialized language that distinguihses a subculture from the wider society

subculture that conspicuously and deliberately opposes certain aspects of the larger culture

feeling disoriented, uncertain, out of place, or fearful when immersed in an unfamiliar culture

standards of behavior

laws

generally understood but not precisely recorded and govern everyday behavior EX: washing hands, smile

norms deemed highly necessary to welfare of a society EX: Killing someone

lifelong process in which people learn appropriate attitudes, values, and behaviors

The self product

Preparatory stage, play stage, and game stage

imitate

communicating through symbols and role taking

actual tasks and relationships simultaneously

individuals most important in the development of the self

actors and costumes dramaturigical approach

expectations regarding proper behavior, attitudes, and activities of male and females.

Person "rehearses" future occupations and social relationships

Discarding former behavior patterns and accepting new ones during transition in one's life

Regulates all aspects kf a persons life under a single authority

Ritual where individuals become secondary and rather invisible in overbearing social enviornment

Socially defined posiyions within a larger gorup or society (Person can hold more than one status at a time)

Status one is born with

Status one earns

Status that dominates other status

Set of expectations for people who occupy a goven status

2 or more social positions held by one person

Difficulties that arise when same social position impose conflicting demands and expectations

Any # of people who interact on a regular basis

Series of social relationships that links a perso. Directly to others and through them indirectly to still more people

Small community in which people have similar backgrounds and life experiences (mining town)

Large community in which people are strangers and feel little in common with other community residents