Quiz: Chapter 19 Respiratory Tract and diseases

Which of the following is not true of influenza? Antigenic drift which changes the antigens to reduce immune recognition. It has glycoprotein spikes of hemagglutinin (H) and neuraminidase (N). Symptoms are very similar to the common cold. The virus can infect both humans and swine. Antigenic shift causes changes in the RNA strands.

Pertussis outbreaks still occur in the United States. True False

The primary transmission route for acquiring agents of the common cold is by contact with hands and fomites contaminated with the nasal discharges of an infected person. True False

Formation of a pseudomembrane in the back of the throat is seen in diphtheria. pertussis. pharyngitis. SARS. tuberculosis.

What features of the respiratory system protect us from infection? cilia nasal hairs mucus macrophages All of the choices are correct.

Untreated streptococcal pharyngitis can lead to all of the following except glomerulonephritis. scarlet fever. rheumatic fever. pertussis. erythrogenic rash.

Normal biota of the lower respiratory tract include Corynebacterium. Haemophilus influenzae. Staphlococcus aureus. Candida albicans. None of the choices is correct.

Respiratory syncytial virus is a major cause of global respiratory infection outbreaks in infants 6 months of age or younger. True False

Infection travels to the middle ear by way of the sinuses. nasal cavity. eustachian (auditory) tubes. auditory canal. subarachnoid space.

What is the function of normal biota of the respiratory tract? provide antibodies microbial antagonism compete with pathogens for resources and space Both compete with pathogens for resources and space and microbial antagonism are correct. Compete with pathogens for resources and space, microbial antagonism, and provide antibodies are all correct.

A diagnosis of tuberculosis involves a(n) chest X ray. tuberculin skin test. sputum culture. acid-fast stain of sputum. All of the choices are correct.

Streptococcal pharyngitis involves all of the following except it causes difficulty in swallowing and fever. it can lead to serious sequelae. a purulent exudate over the tonsils. it can lead to scarlet fever if it is an erythrogenic toxin-producing strain. it is viral in origin.

All of the following pertain to tuberculosis except antimicrobials cannot treat and cure tuberculosis. the BCG vaccine is used in other countries. live bacilli can remain dormant in the lungs and reactivate later in life. lung infection can disseminate to many other organs in extrapulmonary TB. symptoms of active TB include low-grade fever, coughing, fatigue, weight loss, and night sweats.

Cold viruses are transmitted by direct contact. droplet contact and indirect contact. endogenous. All of the choices are correct. None of the choices is correct.

Inhalation of respiratory secretions is involved in the transmission of the following except influenza. rhinitis. diphtheria. legionella. All involve respiratory secretions.

The causative organism of whooping cough is Haemophilus influenzae. Streptococcus pyogenes. Streptococcus pneumoniae. Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Bordetella pertussis.

The most common type of virus leading to rhinitis is adenovirus. retrovirus. coronavirus. rhinovirus. herpes simplex virus.

Streptococcus pneumoniae is often referred to as pneumococcus. alpha-hemolytic on blood agar. most likely to cause infection in older adults. a gram-positive diplococcus with a capsule. All of the choices are correct.

The most common causative agent of otitis media is Haemophilus influenzae. Candida albicans. Streptococcus pneumoniae. Corynebacterium. Aspergillus fumigatus.

Which antibody is concentrated in the respiratory tract? IgG IgA IgE IgM All of the choices are correct.

Rheumatic fever is caused by a secondary streptococcal infection with a different type of streptococcus. an immunological cross-reaction in which anti-streptococcal antibodies target the heart. a primary streptococcal infection with Streptococcus pyogenes. a combination of infection with Streptococcus pyogenes and the rheumatic fever virus. both a primary viral infection and a secondary streptococcal infection.

Which of the following pertains to diphtheria? prevented by the DTaP immunization symptoms include vomiting and diarrhea can be transmitted from mother's birth canal to neonate results in meningitis All of the choices are correct.

Extrapulmonary TB can involve the spine. kidneys. long bones. brain. All of the choices are correct.

This opportunist is the most frequent cause of life-threatening pneumonia in AIDS patients. Candida albicans Pneumocystis (carinii) jiroveci Malassezia furfur Cryptococcus neoformans None of the choices is correct.

Symptoms of influenza include fever, sore throat, rash, and cough. nasal discharge, mild fever, and absence of cough. fever, myalgia, sore throat, cough, and nasal discharge. fever, diarrhea, and vomiting. fever and pneumonia.

Which of the following is not part of the upper respiratory tract? trachea larynx pharynx mouth nasal cavity

Which of the following is not true of Streptococcus pyogenes? group A streptococcus gram positive forms spores beta hemolytic sensitive to bacitracin

Normal biota of the upper respiratory tract include Haemophilus influenzae. Corynebacterium. Staphlococcus aureus. Candida albicans. All of the choices are correct.

Influenza virus can exhibit constant mutation of viral glycoproteins called ________, or ________, a more serious phenomenon caused by the exchange of a viral gene with that of another influenza virus strain. antigenic drift, antigenic shift antigenic shift, antigenic drift None of these is correct.