Microbiology Chapter 24

The lower respiratory tract is protected by all of the following EXCEPT A) competition with the normal flora of the lungs. B) IgA antibodies. C) mucous secretions. D) the ciliary escalator. E) alveolar macrophages

Which of the following is mismatched? A) pharyngitis — sore throat B) laryngitis — voice loss C) epiglottitis — sore throat D) sinusitis — headache and nasal mucous E) otitis media — earache

Members of the group A streptococci (GAS) cause all of the following EXCEPT A) strep throat. B) scarlet fever. C) rheumatic fever. D) pharyngitis. E) epiglottitis

Which of the following statements about mycoplasmal pneumonia is TRUE? A) The causative agent is a virus. B) The symptoms resemble pneumococcal pneumonia. C) The causative agent cannot be cultured. D) Treatment is tetracyclines. E) Annual vaccination can prevent infection

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of influenza? A) fever B) chills C) headache D) diarrhea E) muscle aches

Which of the following is mismatched? A) Corynebacterium — gram-positive rod B) Mycobacterium — acid-fast rod C) Mycoplasma — gram-positive pleomorphic rod D) Bordetella — gram-negative pleomorphic rod E) Haemophilus — gram-negative rod

Which of the following microorganisms causes symptoms most like tuberculosis? A) Histoplasma B) Coccidioides C) Legionella D) Mycoplasma E) Influenza virus

All of the following can lead to a positive tuberculin skin test EXCEPT A) vaccination. B) current tuberculosis infection. C) previous tuberculosis infection. D) immunity to tuberculosis. E) being near someone with tuberculosis

Which of the following diseases is NOT correctly matched to its vaccine? A) tuberculosis — toxoid B) whooping cough — heat-killed bacteria C) diphtheria — toxoid D) influenza — viruses grown in embryonated eggs E) pneumococcal pneumonia — capsular polysaccharides

Which of the following diseases has a cutaneous form, especially in individuals over 30 years of age? A) coccidioidomycosis B) diphtheria C) legionellosis D) scarlet fever E) psittacosis

Which of the following requires treatment with both antibiotics and antitoxins? A) diphtheria B) tuberculosis C) whooping cough D) scarlet fever E) psittacosis

Which of the following is mismatched? A) epiglottitis — Haemophilus B) Q fever — Rickettsia C) psittacosis — Chlamydia D) whooping cough — Bordetella E) melioidosis — Burkholderia

Which of the following does NOT cause otitis media? A) Streptococcus pneumoniae B) Haemophilus influenzae C) Streptococcus pyogenes D) Moraxella catarrhalis E) Coxiella burnetii

Which of the following causes opportunistic infections in AIDS patients? A) Pneumocystis B) Aspergillus C) Rhizopus D) Mucor E) All of the answers are correct

Which of the following diseases is NOT correctly matched to its reservoir? A) tuberculosis — cattle B) histoplasmosis — soil C) psittacosis — parakeets D) coccidioidomycosis — air E) pneumocystis — humans

All of the following are true of the common cold EXCEPT A) it is caused by rhinoviruses and coronaviruses. B) it is transmitted via aerosols and contact. C) early treatment will drastically reduce the disease symptoms. D) complications include laryngitis and otitis media. E) the duration of symptoms is approximately one week

Which one of the following causes a disease characterized by the catarrhal, paroxysmal, and convalescent stages? A) Bordetella pertussis B) Corynebacterium diphtheriae C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis D) Streptococcus pyogenes E) respiratory syncytial virus

Which one of the following is an irregular, gram-positive rod? A) Bordetella pertussis B) Corynebacterium diphtheriae C) Burkholderia pseudomallei D) Streptococcus pyogenes E) Pneumocystis jirovecii

Infection by which of the following results in the formation of Ghon complexes? A) Bordetella pertussis B) Corynebacterium diphtheriae C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis D) Streptococcus pyogenes E) Blastomyces dermatidis

Which one of the following produces the most potent exotoxin? A) Bordetella pertussis B) Corynebacterium diphtheriae C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis D) Streptococcus pyogenes E) Streptococcus pneumoniae

The most effective means of preventing influenza is A) annual vaccination. B) isolation of carriers. C) vector control. D) pasteurization of milk. E) administration of amantadine

Which of the following is an opportunistic pathogen? A) Pneumocystis B) Legionella C) Histoplasma D) Mycoplasma E) rhinovirus

Which of the following etiologic agents results in the formation of abscesses? A) Staphylococcus B) Mycoplasma C) Streptococcus D) Blastomyces E) Coccidioides

Infection by which of the following is often confused with viral pneumonia? A) Blastomyces B) Coccidioides C) Mycoplasma D) Streptococcus E) Mycobacterium

The primary victims of the influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 were A) members of the military. B) infants and the elderly. C) residents of Spain; therefore, it was known as the "Spanish Flu." D) young adults. E) residents of the U.S

All of the following are used as first-line drugs for treating tuberculosis EXCEPT A) ethambutol. B) isoniazid. C) fluoroquinolones. D) rifampin. E) pyrazinamide

Which one of the following causes a disease characterized by a red rash? A) Blastomyces B) Coccidioides C) Mycoplasma D) Streptococcus E) RSV

Inhalation of arthroconidia is responsible for infection by which of the following organisms? A) Blastomyces B) Coccidioides C) Mycoplasma D) Streptococcus E) Chlamydophila

Soil is a reservoir for all of the following EXCEPT A) Q fever. B) melioidosis. C) blastomycosis. D) histoplasmosis. E) coccidioidomycosis

A patient has pneumonia. Gram-negative rods are cultured on nutrient agar from a sputum sample. The etiology is A) Burkholderia pseudomallei. B) Chlamydophila psittaci. C) Haemophilus influenzae. D) Legionella pneumophila. E) Staphylococcus aureus

The patient is suffocating because of an inflamed epiglottis. What is the etiology of the symptoms? A) Corynebacterium B) Haemophilus C) Bordetella D) Mycobacterium

The patient has a sore throat. What is the etiology of the symptoms? A) Corynebacterium B) Rhinovirus C) Bordetella D) Streptococcus E) The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided

The patient is suffocating because of the accumulation of dead tissue and fibrin in her throat. What is the etiology of the symptoms? A) Corynebacterium B) Haemophilus C) Bordetella D) Mycobacterium E) The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided

Which of the following is mismatched? A) Burkholderia — melioidosis B) Coxiella — Q fever C) Mycoplasma — walking pneumonia D) Chlamydophila — psittacosis E) Mycobacterium — whooping cough

All of the following are classified as fungi EXCEPT A) Blastomyces. B) Coccidioides. C) Histoplasma. D) Mycobacterium. E) Pneumocystis

Microscopic examination of a lung biopsy shows thick-walled cysts. What is the etiology of the symptoms? A) Blastomyces B) Coccidioides C) Histoplasma D) Mycobacterium E) Pneumocystis

Microscopic examination of a lung biopsy shows spherules. What is the etiology of the symptoms? A) Blastomyces B) Coccidioides C) Histoplasma D) Mycobacterium E) Pneumocystis

Which of the following statements regarding tuberculosis is FALSE? A) Nearly 1/3 of the world's population is infected with tuberculosis. B) Nearly 1/3 of the world's population shows symptoms of tuberculosis. C) It is responsible for nearly 2 million deaths per year. D) At least 1/3 of those who are TB-positive are also HIV-positive. E) Treatment requires at least six months of antibiotic therapy

A patient has a paroxysmal cough and mucus accumulation. What is the etiology of the symptoms? A) Bordetella B) Corynebacterium C) Burkholderia D) Mycobacterium E) Mycoplasma

A patient who presents with red throat and tonsils can be diagnosed as having A) streptococcal pharyngitis. B) scarlet fever. C) diphtheria. D) the common cold. E) The answer cannot be determined based on the information provided

A patient has fever, difficulty breathing, chest pains, fluid in the alveoli, and a positive tuberculin skin test. Gram-positive cocci are isolated from the sputum. The patient most likely has A) tuberculosis. B) influenza. C) pneumococcal pneumonia. D) mycoplasmal pneumonia. E) the common cold

Which of the following is responsible for epidemics of respiratory disease in infants? A) rhinovirus B) adenovirus C) respiratory syncytial virus D) influenza E) Mycoplasma

Which of the following is NOT an intracellular parasite? A) Chlamydophila B) Coccidioides C) Coxiella D) Influenza virus E) RSV

Which one of the following produces small "fried-egg" colonies on medium containing horse serum and yeast extract? A) Chlamydophila B) Legionella C) Mycobacterium D) Mycoplasma E) Streptococcus

Legionella is transmitted by A) airborne transmission. B) foodborne transmission. C) person-to-person contact. D) fomites. E) vectors

It is common for a normal, healthy individual to carry potentially pathogenic organisms in their upper respiratory tract.

Most cases of sinusitis and otitis media will not resolve unless they are treated with antibiotics.

The symptoms of diphtheria are due to an exotoxin that blocks proteins synthesis in host cells.

The most common causative agent of bacterial pneumonia is Streptococcus pneumoniae.

A positive tuberculosis skin test indicates that the patient has active tuberculosis.

Vaccination with the influenza vaccine confers lifelong immunity to influenza virus.

Coccidioides immitis causes Valley fever, a disease that is endemic to the Mississippi Valley.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes atypical pneumonia, also known as "walking pneumonia."

Risks for Q fever include contact with infected cattle and drinking unpasteurized milk.

Infections with Legionella pneumophila are usually transmitted via aerosols from contaminated air conditioning systems, showers, and humidifiers.

Tuberculosis is the name of the ___ caused by the ___ Mycobacterium tuberculosis

The lower respiratory tract is protected by all of the following except

It is common for a normal, healthy individual to carry potentially pathogenic organisms in their upper respiratory tract

An individual presents with a pinkish-red rash and red sore throat. Gram-positive cocci and cultured from a throat swab. The cocci are growing in chains. Which of the following is the most likely conclusion?

___ antibodies are found in mucosal secretions and help to protect the respiratory system from infection

The patient is suffocating because of the accumulation of dead tissue and fibrin in her throat. What is the etiology of the symptoms?

The patient has a sore throat. What is the etiology of the symptoms?

All of the following are true of the common cold except

Which of the following diseases is NOT correctly matched to its vaccine?

Which of the following statements about mycoplasmal pneumonia is true?

A patient has a paroxysmal cough and mucus accumulation. What is the etiology of the symptoms?

Which one of the following causes a disease characterized by the catarrhal, paroxysmal, and convalescent stages?

All of the following can lead to a positive tuberculin skin test except

A patient has fever, difficulty breathing, chest pains, fluid in alveoli, and a positive tuberculin skin test. Gram-positive cocci are isolated from the sputum. The patient most likely has

Infection by which of the following is often confused with viral pneumonia?

Which one of the following produces small "fried-egg" colonies on medium containing horse serum and yeast extract?

A positive tuberculosis skin test indicates that the patient has active tuberculosis?

The common cold

Which of the following is responsible for epidemics of respiratory disease in infants?

Which statement regarding Influenzavirus is true?

The primary victims of the influenza pandemic of 1918-1919 were

Which of the following is NOT a typical symptom of influenza?

The most effective means of preventing influenza is

Vaccination with the influenza vaccine confers lifelong immunity to influenza virus