Which of the following factors describes the conditions at a zone where contact metamorphism is occurring?
answer
high temperature, low pressure
question
What is a metamorphic aureole?
answer
a ring of metamorphic rocks adjacent to an igneous intrusion
question
How is quartz sandstone metamorphosed into quartzite during contact metamorphism?
answer
Sand grains are fused together because of high temperatures
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Which of the following best describes confining pressure and the location in which it occurs?
answer
moderate pressures at shallow depths
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Which of the following metamorphic rocks could have a parent rock (protolith) of shale?
answer
Slate, Phyllite, Gneiss, Schist
question
Which of the following is associated with the metamorphic rock phyllite?
answer
intermediate-grade metamorphism
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Which of the following factors describe the conditions at a zone where low-grade regional metamorphism is occurring?
answer
Low pressure, low temperature
question
Which of the following describes the orientation of the long axes of rocks and mineral grains in relationship to the stress applied?
answer
-Mineral grains are oriented parallel to the direction of the weakest stress applied.
-The long axis of a rock is parallel to the direction of the weakest stress applied.
question
Metamorphism involves the transformation of pre-existing rocks by _____.
answer
heat and pressure
question
Which of the following best describes the difference between differential stress and confining pressure?
answer
In differential stress, the stresses on the sides are greater than the force of gravity. Stresses are the same on all sides for confining pressure.
question
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
answer
Preexisting rock is altered through heat and pressure.
question
Do metamorphic rocks look like the preexisting rock from which they form?
answer
sometimes, but not always
question
What is foliation?
answer
banding in metamorphic rocks that results from the reorientation of minerals
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How will foliation in continental metamorphic rocks formed during subduction be oriented?
answer
perpendicular to the direction of plate movement
question
What would you call a granite that has undergone metamorphism and now exhibits foliation?
answer
Gneiss
question
What role does hot ion-rich water play in the process of metamorphism?
answer
Water migrates into host rock carrying ions to stable minerals in order to facilitate growth of new metamorphic minerals.
question
By what process did the gabbro turn into amphibolite?
answer
The gabbro was heated to 500 °C and buried a few miles below the Earth's surface.
question
What is a mantle plume?
answer
hot mantle rock rising from deep within the Earth
question
What kind of metamorphic texture results in the segregation of light and dark mineral bands?
answer
gneissic texture
question
Why are garnets used in sandpaper?
answer
Garnets have a value of 8 or 9 on the Mohs Hardness Scale, making them very abrasive.
question
What kinds of rocks can become metamorphic rocks? Choose all that apply.
What platy, parallel mineral grains are the most visual aspect of foliated metamorphic rocks?
answer
Micas
question
Which of the following rock types form during the highest grade of regional metamorphism?
answer
Schist
question
During metamorphism, what is the major effect of chemically active fluids?
answer
They aid in the movement of dissolved silicate constituents and facilitate growth of the mineral grains.
question
What type of metamorphic facies associated with the subduction of oceanic crust and sediments forms at very high pressure but moderately low temperature?
answer
Blueschist
question
What major change occurs during metamorphism of limestone to marble?
answer
Calcite grains increase in size
question
What metamorphic rock forms during the metamorphism of limestone or dolostone?
answer
Marble
question
Of the following rock types, which is characterized by the segregation of light- and dark-colored minerals into thin layers or bands?
answer
Granitic Gneiss
question
In which setting would regional metamorphism be most likely?
answer
At great depths in the crust where two continents are colliding.
question
What nonfoliated metamorphic rock forms during contact metamorphism of a shale or mudstone?
answer
Hornfels
question
What term describes a strong, parallel alignment of coarse mica flakes and/or of different bands in a metamorphic rock?
answer
Foliation
question
What is the major source of heat for contact metamorphism?
answer
Heat from nearby magma body
question
What term describes the zone of contact metamorphism that surrounds an intrusive magma body?
answer
Aureole
question
Which one of the following is not likely to be genetically associated with impact of an asteroid or large meteorite?
answer
Blueschists
question
Which of the following situations would exhibit sheared and mechanically fragmented rocks?
answer
Fault movements at shallow depths
question
Which low-grade metamorphic rock, composed of extremely fine-sized mica and other mineral grains, typically exhibits well developed rock cleavage?
answer
Slate
question
What metamorphic environment produces tektites?
answer
High temperatures associated with meteorite impacts
question
What metamorphic rock forms from sandstone?
answer
Quartzite
question
Which of the following lists foliated metamorphic rocks in the order of increasing grain size and increasing grade of metamorphism?
answer
Slate, phyllite, and schist
question
What foliated, metamorphic rock is texturally intermediate between slate and schist?
answer
Phyllite
question
Which of the following best describes the conditions of contact metamorphism?
answer
Pressures are fairly low, the rock may be in the upper part of the crust, and heat is supplied from a nearby magma body such as a pluton dike, or sill.
question
What type of foliation results from the parallel alignment of abundant, coarse-grained, mica flakes in a metamorphic rock?
answer
Schistosity
question
Which of the following statements concerning slate is not true?
answer
Slate has abundant, coarse-grained mica.
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