Final Econ Assignments

23 April 2024
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Productivity is defined as the quantity of
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goods and services produced from each until of labor input
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Productivity is the
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Key determinant of living standards, and growth in productivity is the key determinant of growth in living standards
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Strike Out Bowling Balls produced 800 bowling balls per day using 2 workers who each work 8 hours per day. What is Strike Out's productivity?
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50 bowling balls per hour *Math- 800/2=400 --> 400/8= 50
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Adam and Doug both build birdhouses. Adam works 20 hours/week and produced 12 bird houses. Doug works 30 hours/week and produces 15 bird houses. Which of the following is correct?
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Doug's production is higher than Adams, but Adam's productivity is higher than Doug's. Adam: 12/20=0.6/hr Doug: 15/30=0.5/hr
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The Karamic Deed Restaurant uses all of the following to produce vegetarian meals. Which of them is an example of physical capital?
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The tables and chairs in the restaurant
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Megan is a landscaper. Which of the following are included in her human capital?
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Her knowledge of landscaping learned in college, but not her landscaping equipment
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Which of the following statements is correct? A. By definition, all natural resources are nonrenewable. B. Market prices give us reason to believe that natural resources are a limit to economic growth. C. An economy must be blessed with ample quantities of natural resources if it is to be a highly productive economy. D. Differences in natural resources can explain some of the differences in standards of living around the world.
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Differences in natural resources can explain some of the differences in standards of living around the world.
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Which states economists' understanding of the facts concerning the relationship between natural resources and economic growth?
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Abundant domestic natural resources may help make a country rich, but even countries with few natural resources can have high standards of living
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Technological knowledge refers to
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available information on how to produce things
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You bake cookies, One day you double the time you spend, double the number of chocolate chips, eggs, and all your other inputs, and you bake twice s many cookies. Your cookie production function has
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Constant returns to scale
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Scenario 25-1: An economy's production function takes the form Y=AF(L,K,H,N) In the production function, which letter represents technology?
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A
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Accumulating capital
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requires that society sacrifice consumption goods in the present
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"When workers already have a large quantity of capital to use in producing goods and services, giving them an additional unit of capital increases their productivity only slightly." This statement:
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All of the above are correct: A. represents the traditional view of the production process. B. is an assertion that capital is subject to diminishing returns. C. is made under the assumption that the quantities of human capital, natural resources, and technology are being held constant.
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All else equal, if there are diminishing returns, then which of the following is true if a country increases capital by one unit?
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Output will rise but by less than it did when the previous unit was added.
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The logic behind the catch-up effect is that
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new capital adds more to production in a country that doesn't have much capital than it does in a country that already has much capital
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If an american-based firm opens and operates a service call center in Bulgaria, then it is engaging in
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Foreign direct investment
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If companies from foreign countries build and operate factories in China, the China's productivity
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and the wages of Chinese workers increase
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Which of the following is generally an opportunity cost of investment in human capital?
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forgone present wages
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Which of the following statements is correct? a. In an economy-wide sense, property rights are an important prerequisite for the price system to work. b. Property rights give people the ability to exercise authority over the resources they own. c. Based on the available evidence, the existence of well-established and well-enforced property rights appears to be associated with an enhanced standard of living. d. All of the above are correct.
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All of the above are correct
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In the past there have been violent protests against the World Bank and the World Trade Organization. The protesters argued that these institutions promote free trade and also encourage corporations in rich countries to invest in poor countries. The protesters contended that these practices make rich countries richer and poor countries poorer. An economist would
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Disagree with the protesters because these practices will help make both rich and poor countries richer
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At the broadest level, the financial system moves the economy's scarce resources from
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Savers to borrowers
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As an alternative to selling shares of stock as a means of raising funds, a large company could, instead,
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sell bonds
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The economy's two most important financial MARKETS are:
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the bond market and the stock market
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two of the economy's most important financial INTERMEDIARIES are:
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banks and mutual funds
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The assumption of a closed economy
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applies to the world economy
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You observe a closed economy that has a government deficit and positive investment. Which of the following is correct?
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Private saving is positive; public saving is negative
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In a closed economy, what remains after paying for consumption and government purchases is
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national saving
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Consider the expressions T-G and Y-T-C. Which of the following statements is correct?
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The first of these is public saving; the second one is private saving
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According to the definitions of national saving and public saving, if Y, C, and G remained the same, an increase in taxes would
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leave national saving unchanged and raise public saving (?? look up reasoning)
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In the language of macroeconomics, investment refers to
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the purchase of new capital
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Fran buys 1,000 shares of stock issued by Miller Brewing. In turn, Miller uses the funds to buy new machinery for one of its breweries. Who is saving and who is investing?
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Fran is saving; Miller is investing
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In a closed economy, if Y remains the same, but G rose, T rose by the same amount as G, and C fell but by less than the increase in T, what would happen to private and national saving?
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Private saving would ride and national saving would fall **(WHY??)
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Which of the following statements is correct? a. The interest rate that is usually reported is the interest rate that has been corrected for inflation. b. The supply of, and demand for, loanable funds depend on the real (rather than nominal) interest rate. c. If the nominal interest rate has decreased and the real interest rate has also decreased, then the inflation rate must have decreased as well. d. All of the above are correct.
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The supply of, and demand for, loanable funds depends on the real (rather than nominal) interest rate
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Other things the same, when the interest rate rises,
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People would want to lend more, making the quantity of loanable funds supplied increase
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Other things the same, an increase in the interest rate
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would decrease the quantity of loanable funds demanded
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If there is a shortage of loanable funds, then
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the quantity demanded is greater than the quantity supplied and the interest rate will rise.
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In 2002 mortgage rates fell and mortgage lending increases. Which of the following could explain both of these changes?
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The supply of loanable funds shifted rightward
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What would happen in the market for loanable funds if the government were to increase the tax on interest income?
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The supply of loanable funds would shift left
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Suppose a country repealed its investment tax credit. The effects of this are represented by shifting the: A. demand for and the supply of loanable funds to the right. B. demand for and the supply of loanable funds to the left. C. supply of loanable funds to the right and the demand for loanable funds to the left. D. None of the above is correct.
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D. None of the above is correct **the shift would...??
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Who of the following is NOT included in the Bureau of Labor Statistics "employed" category?
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Those waiting to be recalled for a job from which they had been laid off
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Who of the following would be included in the Bureau of Labor statistics "unemployed" category?
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Eric, who is on temporary layoff
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Which of the following is correct?
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Unemployment rate = number of (unemployed/number employed + number unemployed) x 100
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Suppose there are a large number of men who used to work or seek work who now no longer do either. Other things the same, this makes
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both the number of people unemployed and the labor force fall
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Matilda just graduated from college. In order to devote all her efforts to college, she didn't hold a job. She is going to tour around the country on there motorcycle for a month before she starts looking for work. Other things the same, the unemployment rate
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and the labor-force are both unaffected
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President Bigego is running for re-election against Senator Pander. Bigego proclaims that more people are working now than when he took office. Pander says that the unemployment rate is now higher than when Bigego took office. You conclude that
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Both of them could be telling the truth if the labor force grew faster than employment
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In 2009, based on concepts similar to those used to estimate US employment figures, the Japanses adult non-instatutionalized population was 110.272 million, the labor force was 65.362 million, and the number of people employed was 62.242 million. According to those numbers, the Japanese labor-force participation rate and unemployment rate were about:
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Labor-force participation rate: 59.3% Unemployment rate: 4.8% *Math -- (65.362/110.272) x 100 = 59.3% (65.362-62.242/65.3620 x 100 = 4.8%
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Suppose that some people report themselves as unemployed when, in fact, they are working in the illegal economy. If these persons were counted as employed, then:
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The unemployment rate would be lower and the labor-force participation rate would be unaffected
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The BLS counts discouraged workers as:
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Out of the labor force. If they were counted as unemployed the unemployment rate would be higher
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John is a stockbroker. He has had several job offers, but he has turned them down because he thinks he can find a firm that better matches his tastes and skills. Curtis has looked for work as an accountant for some time. While the demand for accountants doesn't appear to be falling, there seems to be more people applying than jobs available.
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John is frictionally unemployed, and Curtis is structurally unemployed
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Consumers decide to ride bikes more and drive cars less. Bicycle companies expand production while automobile companies fire workers. This is an example of:
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Frictional unemployment created by sectoral shifts
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Frictional unemployment is inevitable because
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Sectoral shifts are always happening
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Which of the following does not help reduce frictional unemployment?
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unemployment insurance
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Arnold quit his job because he was unhappy at work. Michael was fired because he frequently came to work late. Who is eligible for unemployment insurance benefits?
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Neither Arnold or Michael
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Which of the following is not a cause of frictional unemployment?
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minimum-wage laws
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When a minimum-wage law forces the wage to remain above the level that balances supply and demand, it
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Raises the quantity of labor supplied and reduces the quantity of labor demanded compared to the equilibrium level
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Wages in excess of their equilibrium level help explain
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Structural but not frictional unemployment
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Sam has no job but keeps applying to get a job with a business that is unionized. He is qualified and he finds the pay attractive, but the firm is not hiring. Sa, is
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Structurally unemployed. Structural unemployment exists even in the long run
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When a union raises the wage above the equilibrium level, it
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raises the quantity of labor supplied and reduces the quantity of labor demanded
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Four employers have justified their actions as follows. Whose logic is NOT consistent with the logic of efficiency wage theory?
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Kay pays her workers less than the equilibrium wage so they won't have the time or money to look for work somewhere else.
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If the CPI rises, the number of dollars needed to buy a representative basket of goods
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increases, and so the value of money falls
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If P denotes the price of gods and services measured in terms of money, then
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1/P represents the value of money measured in terms of goods and services
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With the value of money on the vertical axis, the money supply curve is
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vertical because we assume the central bank controls the money supply.
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Money demand depends on
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the price level and the interest rate.
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As the price level decreases, the value of money
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ncreases, so people want to hold less of it.
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When the money market is drawn with the value of money on the vertical axis, a decrease in the price level causes a
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movement to the left along the money demand curve.
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When the money market is drawn with the value of money on the vertical axis, an increase in the money supply
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increases the price level and decreases the value of money.
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In the fourteenth century, the Western African Emperor Kankan Musa traveled to Cairo where he gave away much gold, which was in use as a medium of exchange. We would predict that this increase in gold
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raised the price level, but decreased the value of gold in Cairo.
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Your boss gives you an increase in the number of dollars you earn per hour. This increase in pay makes
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your nominal wage increase. If your nominal wage rose by a greater percentage than the price level, then your real wage also increased.
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The classical dichotomy argues that changes in the money supply
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affect nominal variables, but not real variables.
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Monetary neutrality implies that an increase in the quantity of money will
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increase the price level.
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According to the assumptions of the quantity theory of money, if the money supply increases by 5 percent, then
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nominal GDP would rise by 5 percent; real GDP would be unchanged.
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If velocity and output were nearly constant, then
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the inflation rate would be about the same as the money supply growth rate.
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The data on hyperinflation show a clear link between the quantity of money and
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The price level
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Which of the following can a country increase in the long run by increasing its money growth rate? a. the nominal wage divided by the price level b. real output c. real interest rates d. None of the above is correct.
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None of the above is correct
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The Fisher effect says
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there is a one for one adjustment of the nominal interest rate to the inflation rate.
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Menu costs refers to
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the cost of more frequent price changes induced by higher inflation.
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If there is inflation, then a firm that has kept its price fixed for some time will have a
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low relative price. Relative-price variability rises as the inflation rate rises.
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Which of the following are U.S. taxpayers allowed to adjust for inflation for the purpose of income taxes?
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neither interest income nor capital gains.
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You bought some shares of stock and, over the next year, the price per share increased by 5 percent, as did the price level. Before taxes, you experienced
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a nominal gain, but no real gain, and you paid taxes on the nominal gain.
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You bought some shares of stock and, over the next year, the price per share decreased by 7 percent and the price level decreased by 9 percent. Before taxes, you experienced
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a nominal loss and a real gain.