Chapter 4 Sociology example #31373

Who believes that social institutions were originally designed to meet basic survival needs? conflict theorists functionalist theorists both conflict & functionalist theorists the status set

Culture has a(n) _______ effect on people's lives. profound moderate occasional no

The social institution of _____ would include groups or organizations such as lawyers' associations, courts, and jails. religion the law the economy politics

To interpret _____, we consider facial expressions, posture, and gestures. the extent of intimate distance body language stereotypes macro sociology

Emile Durkheim was interested in how societies united their members by shared values and other social bonds to produce _____. social dissolution aggregation dissonance social integration

For Durkheim, people who performed similar tasks had in common the way they looked at life, which he called _______. mechanical solidarity impromptu solidarity organic solidarity social class

What do the German terms Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft mean? In which direction - toward which of the two - is society changing

What does it mean to say that we become the roles that we play?

The social construction of reality theory states that through _____, we construct what for us is reality. ethnomethodology interactions with others examinations introspection

Priest, minister, rabbi, and imam are examples of statuses associated with the social institution of _____. religion the law the family medicine

_____ refers to the typical ways society meets its essential needs. religion social institutions status social class

When we belong to a group, who has the right to judge our behavior? no one only a court of law no one but ourselves the group

Erving Goffman used the term _____ to mean that social life is like a drama or a stage play. proscenium dramaturgy movie rehearsal

The term "organic solidarity" is based on the way that different members of society _____. intermarry need each other share the same status level exploit each other

One need addressed by _____ is the replenishment of the population medicine the family the economy education

When clerks in stores smile at customers, they will be _____. assured of increased sales accepted in all cultures universally encourages creating discomfort in some cultures

Sakiko was a _______, so she was interested in micro sociology. functionalist symbolic interactionist structuralist conflict theorist

Daughter, cousin, dad, and grandmother are examples of statuses associated with which social institution? The family medicine religion the economy

According to Goffman's scheme, we have ______ where we can have some privacy and relax. front stages bleachers back stages precast dramas

Social class is based on _____. income, education, and occupational prestige birth marriage religion

In the absence of _____, the same person will catch a fish, drive it to market, and sell it. common sense a division of labor basic capitalism mechanical solidarity

Your sign-vehicles include _____. the appearance of others written scripts role conflict your way of presenting yourself

Ethnomethodologists explore _____ assumptions about how the world operates that underlie our behavior. background written legal foreground

Sociologists use _____ to analyze the broad features of society. interactional sociology macro sociology chaos theory micro sociology

A backword collar is a(n) _____ for a priest. negative status symbol standard in all cultures status symbol ascribed status

Ex-con, class president, and doctor are examples of _____. ascribed status social classes lack of status achieved status

A 90-year old college student exemplifies _____ status shock prestige status inconsistency role

Richard lived on a street for almost a year. His days were busy with doing things necessary to survive at a basic level-finding shelter, keeping safe, panhandling for money, getting food and drink, washing, and finding dry clothes. Richard knew that he did not have many chances. A _____ would focus on where Richard is located in the social class system of the US and what opportunities are available to him because of that. micro sociologist symbolic interactionist research sociologist conflict theorist

Aletha had an accident in which she fell into hot cooking grease. Despite many operations and treatments, her face, neck, and hands were forever altered. Regardless of her accomplishments or occupation, many others viewed Aletha's disfigurement as her _____ ascribed status master status status symbol status set

_____ indicate what is expected of people. roles sociology parts master status

A billionarie and a person living on the street shares _____. the same social class comparable status the influence of social class on their lives a comparable level of privilege

Mathilde owns her own grocery. She buys items in bulk and sells each item for more than she paid for it so she can make some money. To encourage repeat business she is always very polite to her customers and will, for example, give someone a new carton of milk for free if he or she claims there was a problem with the last cartoon bought - no questions asked! Mathilde's ways exemplify the norms associated with which social institution? medicine economy family politics

Why are both macro sociology and micro sociology necessary to understand social life?

A(n) _____ status is given to you; you do not earn it. achieved ascribed earned marital

What is the sociological significance of social structure? It has a major effect on how we act. Understanding it helps to prove the randomness of human behavior It is a synonym for the term "sociology" Our behavior guides it.

Which of the following is one of the five functional requisites that functionalists believe a society must meet to survive? removing a sense of purpose yielding the needs of the group in favor of self-interest promotion creative chaos socializing youth

Marion belonged to a group that got together once a month in group members' houses to converse in Russian, which they had all learned in school. The Russian enthusiasts were an example of a group that wielded influence over _____. vast segments of their behavior the need to conform with group norms over many aspects of life just a small part of their behavior social class

The _____ framework that determines what kind of people we become is culture. biological narrowest only most overarching

In a self-fulfilling stereotype, _____. the behaviors of the person match our expectations from the get-go the underlying truth of stereotypes is confirmed the other person ends up adapting to fit our expectations many factors can play a role, but attractiveness is not one of them

Hall found North Americans use _____ distance for business relationships tribal stereotypical social aggressive

_____ is (are) the primary focus of micro sociologists. hidden meanings and innuendo the broader features of society in-person interaction the demise of society as we know it

For the social institution of religion, name some of the basic needs addressed and some norms of the institution.

_____ refers to our efforts to manage the impressions that others receive of us dramaturgy back stage impression management center stage

Our assumptions about what people are like are known as _____. educated guesses stereotypes roles status set

_____ consists of the usual patterns between students and teachers, for example, or between men and women; these patterns were laid out before any of these people were born. behavior ordination social structure classical structure

Role strain is _____. conflict between roles conflict occurring within the same role compatibility between roles a vain attempt to find a role

At a vaginal examination, male doctors _____ social reality to define the examination as _____ deny; sexual ignore; nonsexual dismiss; normal construct; nonsexual

Distinguish the term "social status" from the term "Prestige".

Are street people influenced by social structure? No Yes Only in scattered instances The research is unclear

"If people define situations as real, they are real in their consequences." This statement was made by sociologist(s) ______. Emile Durkheim WI & Dorothy S. Thomas Mark Snyder & Elliott Warsaw Erving Goffman

People's _____ the social structure will teach them behaviors and attitudes are appropriate for them. attitude toward willingness to be part of location in number of friends within

The Old Order Amish of the US exemplify the concept of _____ Gesellschaft Gemeinschaft modern mainstream

Garish is a husband, a son, an entrepreneur, and an amateur ornithologist. A sociologist would say that these statuses or positions make up Girish's _______. told social class status set culture

Who surrounds themselves with a personal bubble (personal space)? No one Children only Only adults past middle age Everyone

Sociologists use _____ to analyze social interactions. micro sociology behavioral sociology macro sociology order theory