AP Human Geography Unit 6 Test Review

Agriculture undertaken primarily to generate products for sale off the farm.

Agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family.

A large estate owned by an individual or group organized to sell one or two cash crops using slave labor.

Reproduction of plants through annual introduction of seeds, which result from sexual fertilization.

A form of subsistence agriculture based on herding domesticated animals.

Long-term productive farming methods that are environmentally safe.

Seed of a cereal grass.

A form of subsistence agriculture in which people shift activity from one field to another; each field is used for crops for relatively few years and left fallow for a relatively long period.

Reproduction of plants by direct cloning from existing plants.

The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures.

The practice of rotating use of different fields from crop to crop each year, to avoid exhausting the soil.

Approach of farming and ranching that avoids the use of herbicides, pesticides, growth hormones, and other similar synthetic outputs.

The exchange of goods and ideas between Native Americans and Europeans.

Commercial agriculture characterized by integration of different steps in the food-processing industry, usually through ownership by large corporations.

The taming of animals for human use, such as work or as food.

Raising cattle to sell dairy products.

The raising of livestock (particularly cattle).

The use of simple tools to hunt animals and gather vegetation for food.

Economic activity concerned with the direct extraction of natural resources from the environment.

Breeding two types of plants together

A form of subsistence agriculture in which farmers must expend a relatively large amount of effort to produce the maximum feasible yield from a parcel of land.

The ways that humans apply biological concepts to produce products and provide services.

An agricultural system practiced in Western Europe, California, and portions of Chile and Australia, in which diverse specialty crops such as grapes and avocados are planted.

Both animal and crops are farmed in the same area.

The shift from hunting animals and gathering food to the keeping of animals and the growing of food (8,000 BC).

Tools and equipment were modified; methods of soil preparation, fertilization, crop care, and harvesting made agriculture more efficient.

Based on new, high-yielding strains of grains and other crops developed in laboratories using modern techniques of genetic engineering.

The introduction of pesticides and high-yield grains and better management during the 1960s and 1970s which greatly increased agricultural productivity.