A&P Chapter 14

Which of the following is not an autonomic nervous system (ANS) function? emptying the bladder skeletal muscle reflex increasing heart rate gland secretion

Part complete Which of the following is not associated with the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)? resting digesting energy conservation emergency action

Which division of the nervous system has long preganglionic neurons? somatic motor parasympathetic sympathetic somatic sensory

Which of the following is not a designation for sympathetic ganglia? collateral ganglia trunk ganglia terminal ganglia prevertebral ganglia

Which set of details correctly identifies a series of events in a sympathetic pathway? thoracolumbar origin, short preganglionic fiber, ACh release at ganglion, long postganglionic fiber, NE release at effector thoracolumbar origin, long preganglionic fiber, NE release at ganglion, short postganglionic fiber, NE release at effector craniosacral origin, long preganglionic fiber, ACh release at ganglion, short postganglionic fiber, ACh release at effector craniosacral origin, short preganglionic fiber, ACh release at ganglion, long postganglionic fiber, ACh release at effector

Which receptor paring below is correct? muscarinic: norepinephrine alpha 1: acetylcholine nicotinic: norepinephrine nicotinic; acetylchline

Which of the following is characteristic of the parasympathetic division? increased heart rate dilated airways increased cognitive functioning inhibited digestion and elimination None of the Above

Which of the following is responsible for the overall integration of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)? brain stem hypothalamus reticular formation frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex

Which of the following is a way in which the somatic and autonomic nervous systems are similar? Both systems share common effectors. Both systems share common efferent pathways. Both systems have ganglia in their motor pathways. Both systems elicit the same target organ responses to their neurotransmitters. None of the listed responses is correct.

Which description is NOT consistent with the sympathetic division? most innervation from the vagus nerve ganglia close to the spinal cord thoracolumbar long postganglionic fibers

Which of the following does NOT describe the ANS? a system of motor neurons that innervates smooth and cardiac muscle and glands a system of motor neurons that innervates all muscle cells general visceral motor system involuntary nervous system

The somatic and autonomic nervous systems differ in all of the following EXCEPT ________. target organ responses to their neurotransmitters regulation of activity by higher brain centers their efferent pathways and ganglia their effectors

The autonomic and somatic nervous systems are two separate systems that work totally independent of each other and lack any functional overlap. True False

Preparing the body for the "fight-or-flight" response is the role of the ________. sympathetic division cerebrum parasympathetic division somatic nervous system

Which of these activities is most likely driven by parasympathetic innervation? vigorous physical activity sweating and dilating pupils fight-or-flight responses resting and digesting

The parasympathetic ganglion that serves the lacrimal gland and nasal mucosa is the ________. ciliary ganglion otic ganglion submandibular ganglion pterygopalatine ganglion

Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve ________. VII (facial) X (vagus) V (trigeminal) XII (hypoglossal)

The route of major parasympathetic outflow from the head is via the ________. sacral nerves sympathetic trunk vagus (X) nerves phrenic nerve

In which of the following structures would you expect to see afferent ganglia? Neuromuscular junction Glossopharyngeal nerve Spinal cord Adrenal gland

The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of ________. sympathetic stimulation somatic stimulation parasympathetic innervation vagus (X) nerve activity

Sympathetic nerves may leave the spinal cord at which vertebra? second cervical first coccyx first thoracic third lumbar

Once a sympathetic preganglionic axon reaches a trunk ganglion, it can do all of the following EXCEPT ________. synapse with a ganglionic neuron in the same trunk ganglion pass through the trunk ganglion without synapsing with another neuron synapse with a parasympathetic neuron in the same trunk ganglion ascend or descend the trunk to synapse in another trunk ganglion

The adrenal medulla is considered by some to be a "misplaced" sympathetic ganglion since embryologically, they arise from the same tissue. True False

What differentiates an autonomic reflex from a somatic reflex? presence of a sensory receptor a single sensory neuron in the sensory pathway a two-neuron motor pathway an integration center

Visceral reflex arcs differ from somatic in that ________. somatic arcs contain one additional component that visceral arcs do not possess visceral arcs involve two motor neurons visceral arcs do not use integration centers visceral arcs contain two sensory neurons

The adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine during sympathetic stimulation. Which of the following statements describes why epinephrine would increase the sympathetic response? The same receptors that respond to norepinephrine also respond to epinephrine, increasing the action of both. Epinephrine binds to a separate receptor than norepinephrine, which increases the sympathetic response. Epinephrine increases the action of pre- and postganglionic axons. Epinephrine has no effect on sympathetic targets.

Drugs called beta-blockers ________. decrease heart rate and blood pressure increase a dangerously low heart rate are potent antidepressants have widespread sympathetic effects

Which type of drug would be useful in dilating the pupils for an examination of the retina? beta-1 receptor mimic muscarinic receptor inhibitor beta-3 receptor mimic alpha-1 receptor inhibitor

Which of the following drug classes would be useful for smoking cessation products? acetylcholinesterase inhibitors sympathomimetic agents nicotinic agents parasympathomimetic agents (muscarinic agents)

Which of the following best demonstrates an example of cooperation of the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems? Sympathetic stimulation causes vasodilation of blood vessels in the penis, leading to erection; parasympathetic stimulation then causes ejaculation. Sympathetic stimulation causes vasodilation of blood vessels in the clitoris, leading to erection; parasympathetic stimulation then causes reflex contractions of the vagina. Parasympathetic stimulation causes vasodilation of blood vessels in the penis, leading to erection; sympathetic stimulation then causes ejaculation. Parasympathetic stimulation causes copious sweating; sympathetic stimulation causes epidermal pores to dilate.

Which of the following is NOT a result of parasympathetic stimulation? salivation increased peristalsis of the digestive viscera dilation of the pupils elimination of urine

Erection (vasodilation) of the penis or clitoris ________. is the result of coordinated activation by both sympathetic and parasympathetic input is primarily under sympathetic control depends very little on autonomic activation is primarily under parasympathetic control

Control of temperature, endocrine activity, and thirst are functions associated with the ________. thalamus cerebellum hypothalamus medulla

Which of the following is responsible for the overall integration of the autonomic nervous system (ANS)? cerebral cortex brain stem peripheral ganglia hypothalamus

Emotions influence autonomic reactions primarily through integration in the ________. lateral geniculate of the thalamus inferior colliculus hypothalamus lateral horn of the spinal cord

Which of the following is NOT true about hypertension? It may result from an overactive sympathetic vasoconstrictor response. It is a disorder of the parasympathetic division of the ANS. It is serious because it forces the heart to work harder and increases wear and tear on artery walls. It is also known as high blood pressure.

Raynaud's disease ________. is frequently life threatening is characterized by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremities is induced by heat stress occurs primarily in association with injury to the spinal cord

The "fight or flight" division of the autonomic nervous system is the ________. somatic division sympathetic division peripheral division parasympathetic division

Which of the following is NOT a plexus of the vagus (X) nerve? inferior hypogastric pulmonary esophageal cardiac