Chapter 13 And 14 Quiz Questions (A&P1)

The parasympathetic fibers of the ________ nerves innervate smooth muscles of the eye that cause the lenses to bulge to accommodate close vision. a. trochlear b. oculomotor c. abducens d. optic

Visceral reflex arcs differ from somatic in that ________. a. visceral arcs contain two sensory neurons b. visceral arcs involve two motor neurons c. visceral arcs do not use integration centers d. somatic arcs contain one additional component that visceral arcs do not possess

Preparing the body for the "fight-or-flight" response is the role of the ________. Select one: a. parasympathetic nervous system b. somatic nervous system c. cerebrum d. sympathetic nervous system

Which sympathetic fibers form the splanchnic nerve? a. those that synapse in the same trunk ganglion they entered b. those that pass through the trunk ganglion to synapse in collateral or prevertebral ganglia c. those that synapse with somatic fibers d. those that synapse with parasympathetic fibers

In aging, autonomic inefficiency is often due to ________. a. clogging of preganglionic axon terminals with filaments b. major loss of axons c. cerebral hemorrhage d. peripheral vascular changes

The parasympathetic ganglion that serves the eye is the ________. a. ciliary ganglion b. pterygopalatine ganglion c. submandibular ganglion d. otic ganglion

Which sympathetic fibers form the splanchnic nerve? a. those that synapse with parasympathetic fibers b. those that synapse in the same trunk ganglion they entered c. those that pass through the trunk ganglion to synapse in collateral or prevertebral ganglia d. those that synapse with somatic fibers

Fibers that enter and leave the sympathetic chain without synapsing form structures called ________. a. white rami communicantes b. spinal nerves c. splanchnic nerves d. gray rami communicantes

Which of the following is not a plexus of the vagus nerve? Select one: a. pulmonary b. cardiac c. celiac d. esophageal

The vagus nerve does not innervate the ________. Select one: a. kidneys b. pancreas c. gallbladder d. parotid gland

The somatic and autonomic nervous systems differ in all of the following except ________. a. all of the neurotransmitters b. their efferent pathways c. to some degree in target responses to their neurotransmitters d. their effectors

The parasympathetic tone ________. Select one: a. prevents unnecessary heart deceleration b. causes blood pressure to rise c. accelerates activity of the digestive tract d. determines normal activity of the urinary tract

Parasympathetic functions include ________. Select one: a. mobilizing storage energy sources b. lens accommodation for close vision c. a stimulation of heart rate and force of contraction d. allowing the body to cope with an external threat

Sympathetic division stimulation causes ________. Select one: a. increased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure b. decreased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure c. decreased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressure d. increased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressure

Which of the following does not describe the ANS? Select one: a. involuntary nervous system b. general visceral motor system c. a system of motor neurons that innervates smooth and cardiac muscle and glands d. a system of motor neurons that innervates all muscle cells

Autonomic dysreflexia ________. Select one: a. results from overexcitatory input from the cortex b. is also known as autonomic areflexia c. usually precedes spinal shock d. involves uncontrolled activation of autonomic neurons

Once a sympathetic preganglionic axon reaches a trunk ganglion, it can do all but which one of the following? a. ascend or descend the trunk to synapse in another trunk ganglion b. pass through the trunk ganglion without synapsing with another neuron c. synapse with a parasympathetic neuron in the same trunk ganglion d. synapase with a ganglionic neuron in the same trunk ganglion

The parasympathetic fibers of the ________ nerves innervate smooth muscles of the eye that cause the lenses to bulge to accommodate close vision. Select one: a. optic b. oculomotor c. trochlear d. abducens

The parasympathetic ganglion that serves the eye is the ________. a. pterygopalatine ganglion b. otic ganglion c. submandibular ganglion d. ciliary ganglion

Where would you not find an autonomic ganglion? Select one: a. in the armpit b. close to the visceral effectors they serve c. in the head d. in the cervical region

The route of major parasympathetic outflow from the head is via the ________. Select one: a. vagus nerve b. sympathetic trunk c. phrenic nerve d. sacral nerve

The possibility of some control over autonomic responses is demonstrated by ________. Select one: a. nightmares b. biofeedback c. split brain studies d. stress-induced hypertension

Control of temperature, endocrine activity, and thirst are functions associated with the ________. Select one: a. medulla b. thalamus c. hypothalamus d. cerebellum

Raynaud's disease ________. a. is frequently life threatening b. occurs primarily in association with injury to the spinal cord c. is characterized by exaggerated vasoconstriction in the extremities d. is induced by heat stress

Which of the following statements is not true? Select one: a. Sympathetic ganglia are within a few centimeters of the CNS; parasympathetic are close to visceral organs served b. Sympathetic has extensive branching of preganglionic fibers; parasympathetic has minimal branching of preganglionic fibers. c. Sympathetic division has short preganglionic and long postganglionic fibers; parasympathetic has long preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers. d. Sympathetic origin is craniosacral; parasympathetic is thoracolumbar.

The vagus nerve does not innervate the ________. Select one: a. kidneys b. parotid gland c. gallbladder d. pancreas

The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of ________. Select one: a. neurosecretory substances b. vagus nerve activity c. sympathetic stimulation d. parasympathetic innervation

The white rami communicantes ________. Select one: a. are unmyelinated b. are found only in the C1-T1 cord segments c. carry postganglionic fibers to the periphery d. carry preganglionic axons to the sympathetic chain

Which of these effectors is not directly controlled by the autonomic nervous system? Select one: a. smooth muscle b. most glands c. skeletal muscle d. cardiac muscle

The "resting and digesting" division of the autonomic nervous system is the ________. Select one: a. somatic division b. sympathetic division c. peripheral nervous system d. parasympathetic division

Sympathetic nerves may leave the spinal cord at which vertebra? Select one: a. first coccyx b. second cervical c. third lumbar d. first thoracic

A drug that might be used specifically to reduce heart rate in cardiac patients could be ________. Select one: a. epinephrine b. a beta-blocker c. norepinephrine d. anticholinesterase

The smooth muscle of the digestive viscera is served largely by the ________. Select one: a. pelvic nerves b. tenth cranial nerve c. lumbar splanchnic nerves d. cephalic plexus

Emotions influence autonomic reactions primarily through integration in the ________. Select one: a. inferior colliculus b. hypothalamus c. lateral horn of the spinal cord d. lateral geniculate of the thalamus

Which of the following does not describe the ANS? Select one: a. a system of motor neurons that innervates all muscle cells b. general visceral motor system c. a system of motor neurons that innervates smooth and cardiac muscle and glands d. involuntary nervous system

In aging, autonomic inefficiency is often due to ________. Select one: a. peripheral vascular changes b. major loss of axons c. clogging of preganglionic axon terminals with filaments d. cerebral hemorrhage

Control of temperature, endocrine activity, and thirst are functions associated with the ________. Select one: a. thalamus b. cerebellum c. hypothalamus d. medulla

Which of the following is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation? Select one: a. elimination of urine b. dilation of the pupils c. increased peristalsis of the digestive viscera d. salivation

A drug that might be used specifically to reduce heart rate in cardiac patients could be ________. Select one: a. a beta-blocker b. epinephrine c. anticholinesterase d. norepinephrine

Visceral reflex arcs differ from somatic in that ________. Select one: a. visceral arcs contain two sensory neurons b. visceral arcs involve two motor neurons c. visceral arcs do not use integration centers d. somatic arcs contain one additional component that visceral arcs do not possess

Autonomic ganglia contain ________. a. synapses between postganglionic fibers and their effectors b. both somatic afferent and efferent neurons c. the cell bodies of motor neurons d. an outer connective tissue capsule around the cell bodies of preganglionic motor neurons

Beta-blockers ________. Select one: a. are potent antidepressants b. increase a dangerously low heart rate c. decrease heart rate and blood pressure d. have widespread sympathetic effects

Preparing the body for the "fight-or-flight" response is the role of the ________. Select one: a. cerebrum b. sympathetic nervous system c. somatic nervous system d. parasympathetic nervous system

Sympathetic responses generally are widespread because ________. Select one: a. preganglionic fibers are long b. NE and epinephrine are secreted into the blood as part of the sympathetic response c. preganglionic fibers are short d. inactivation of ACh is fairly slow

Which is a uniquely sympathetic function? Select one: a. regulation of body temperature b. regulation of respiratory rate c. regulation of pupil size d. regulation of cardiac rate

Which of the following is not a plexus of the vagus nerve? Select one: a. esophageal b. pulmonary c. cardiac d. celiac

Erection of the penis or clitoris ________. Select one: a. is primarily under sympathetic control b. is primarily under parasympathetic control c. is the result of coordinated activation by both sympathetic and parasympathetic input d. depends very little on autonomic activation

Fibers that enter and leave the sympathetic chain without synapsing form structures called ________. Select one: a. spinal nerves b. white rami communicantes c. gray rami communicantes d. splanchnic nerves

Cardiovascular effects of the sympathetic division include all except ________. Select one: a. dilation of the blood vessels serving the skin and digestive viscera b. constriction of most blood vessels c. increase of heart rate and force d. dilation of the vessels serving the skeletal muscles

Over 90% of all parasympathetic fibers are derived from cranial nerve number ________. a. VII b. X c. V d. XII

The secretions of the adrenal medulla act to supplement the effects of ________. Select one: a. parasympathetic innervation b. sympathetic stimulation c. vagus nerve activity d. neurosecretory substances

Which of the following is not a result of parasympathetic stimulation? Select one: a. elimination of urine b. dilation of the pupils c. increased peristalsis of the digestive viscera d. salivation

Parasympathetic functions include ________. Select one: a. lens accommodation for close vision b. allowing the body to cope with an external threat c. a stimulation of heart rate and force of contraction d. mobilizing storage energy sources

Sympathetic nerves may leave the spinal cord at which vertebra? Select one: a. first coccyx b. first thoracic c. third lumbar d. second cervical

Sympathetic division stimulation causes ________. Select one: a. decreased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure b. increased blood glucose, decreased GI peristalsis, and increased heart rate and blood pressure c. increased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressure d. decreased blood glucose, increased GI peristalsis, and decreased heart rate and blood pressure

Autonomic dysreflexia ________. Select one: a. results from overexcitatory input from the cortex b. is also known as autonomic areflexia c. usually precedes spinal shock d. involves uncontrolled activation of autonomic neurons

Potentially damaging stimuli that result in pain are selectively detected by ________. Select one: a. proprioceptors b. photoreceptors c. interoceptors d. nociceptors

The posterior side of the thigh, leg, and foot is served by the ________ nerve. a. femoral b. tibial c. common fibular d. obturator

Which of the following is the correct *simple spinal reflex arc?* Select one: a. receptor, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, effector b. effector, efferent neuron, integration center, afferent neuron, receptor c. effector, afferent neuron, integration center, efferent neuron, receptor d. receptor, efferent neuron, integration center, afferent neuron, effector

Which of the following is an incorrect statement regarding the occurrence of a sensation? a. The stimulus energy must occur within the receptor's receptive field. b. The stimulus energy must match the specificity of the receptor. c. The stimulus energy must be converted into the energy of a graded potential called a transduction potential. d. A generator potential in the associated sensory neuron must reach threshold.

After axonal injury, regeneration in peripheral nerves is guided by ________. Select one: a. Wallerian cells b. Golgi organs c. Schwann cells d. dendrites

The cranial nerve with a dual origin (brain and spinal cord) is the ________. Select one: a. vagus b. accessory c. hypoglossal d. glossopharyngeal

Which of the following is not an example of an exteroceptor? Select one: a. temperature b. pressure c. baroreceptor d. pain e. touch

Nerves that carry impulses toward the CNS only are ________. Select one: a. afferent nerves b. motor nerves c. efferent nerves d. mixed nerves

Spinal nerves exiting the cord from the level of L4 to S4 form the ________. Select one: a. lumbar plexus b. femoral plexus c. sacral plexus d. thoracic plexus

A patient who received a blow to the side of the skull exhibits the following signs and symptoms on that side of the face: he is unable to close his eye, and the corner of his mouth droops. Which cranial nerve has been damaged? Select one: a. facial b. glossopharyngeal c. hypoglossal d. accessory

All processing at the circuit level going up to the perceptual level must synapse in the ________. a. thalamus b. medulla c. reticular formation d. pons

Which of the following is not a main level of neural integration in the somatosensory system? Select one: a. receptor b. perceptual c. segmental d. circuit

Transduction refers to conversion of ________. Select one: a. afferent impulses to efferent impulses b. presynaptic nerve impulses to postsynaptic nerve impulses c. stimulus information to nerve impulses d. receptor energy to stimulus energy

The sciatic nerve is a combination of which two nerves? Select one: a. pudendal and posterior femoral cutaneous b. posterior femoral cutaneous and tibial c. common fibular and tibial d. pudendal and common fibular

Select the statement that is most correct. Select one: a. The cell bodies of afferent ganglia are located in the spinal cord. b. The dorsal root ganglion is a motor-only structure. c. Ganglia are collections of neuron cell bodies in the spinal cord that are associated with efferent fibers. d. Ganglia associated with afferent nerve fibers contain cell bodies of sensory neurons.

If the ventral root of a spinal nerve were cut, what would be the result in the tissue or region that nerve supplies? Select one: a. loss of neither sensation nor movement but only of autonomic control b. a complete loss of voluntary movement c. a complete loss of sensation and movement d. complete loss of sensation

Striking the "funny bone" is actually stimulation of (or injury to) the ________. Select one: a. ulnar nerve b. radial nerve c. median nerve d. sciatic nerve

A reflex that causes muscle relaxation and lengthening in response to muscle tension is called a ________. Select one: a. flexor reflex b. crossed-extensor reflex c. Golgi tendon reflex d. plantar reflex

A fracture of the ethmoid bone could result in damage to which cranial nerve? a. glossopharyngeal b. olfactory c. accessory d. vagus

Inborn or intristic reflexes are ________. Select one: a. autonomic only b. always mediated by the brain c. rapid, predictable, learned responses d. involuntary, yet may be modified by learned behavior

Mixed cranial nerves containing both motor and sensory fibers include all except which of the following? Select one: a. trigeminal b. facial c. olfactory d. oculomotor

The abducens nerve ________. a. if paralyzed, exhibits Bell's palsy b. relays sensory information from taste buds on the tongue c. exits from the medulla d. supplies innervation to the lateral rectus muscle of the eye

Problems in balance may follow trauma to which nerve? Select one: a. accessory b. abducens c. trigeminal d. vestibulocochlear

Which of the following is not an aspect of sensory perception? Select one: a. pattern recognition b. quality estimation c. feature attraction d. spatial discrimination e. magnitude estimation

Which receptors adapt most slowly? Select one: a. touch receptors b. smell receptors c. nociceptors d. pressure receptors

Starting at the spinal cord, the subdivisions of the brachial plexus are (in order): Select one: a. roots, trunks, divisions, and cords b. trunks, divisions, cords, and roots c. divisions, roots, trunks, and cords d. roots, divisions, cords, and trunks

Select the correct definition. Select one: a. Perceptual detection is the ability to detect how much stimulus is applied to the body. b. Pattern recognition allows us to see a familiar face. c. Spatial discrimination allows us to recognize textures. d. Magnitude estimation is the simplest level of sensation.

A major nerve of the lumbar plexus is the ________. Select one: a. femoral b. iliohypogastric c. ilioinguinal d. sciatic

Irritation of a major nerve of this plexus may cause hiccups. Select one: a. thoracic plexus b. sacral plexus c. cervical plexus d. lumbar plexus

In a crossed-extensor reflex, if the right arm was grabbed it would flex and the left arm would ________. Select one: a. abduct b. extend c. adduct d. also flex

The patellar "knee jerk" reflex is an example of a(n) ________. Select one: a. stress reflex b. crossed-extensor reflex c. stretch reflex d. extensor thrust reflex

The trochlear nerve conveys proprioceptor impulses from the ________ to the brain. Select one: a. superior rectus muscle b. lateral rectus muscle c. medial rectus muscle d. inferior rectus muscle

Feeling a gentle caress on your arm would likely involve all of the following except ________. Select one: a. Meissner's corpuscles b. hair follicle receptors c. Pacinian corpuscles d. tactile discs

Pressure, pain, and temperature receptors in the skin are ________. Select one: a. exteroceptors b. interoceptors c. proprioceptors d. mechanoreceptors

Regeneration within the CNS ________. Select one: a. is more successful than with the PNS b. typically allows axonal sprouting of 20 mm c. is promoted by growth inhibitors and glial scars d. is prevented due to growth-inhibiting proteins of oligodendrocytes

The ________ nerve is not a branch of the trigeminal nerve. Select one: a. maxillary b. ophthalmic c. mandibular d. cervical

The flexor muscles in the anterior arm (biceps brachii and brachialis) are innervated by what nerve? Select one: a. median b. musculocutaneous c. radial d. ulnar

A fall or an improperly delivered gluteal injection could result in ________. Select one: a. postpoliomyelitis muscular atrophy b. neurofibromatosis c. paresthesia d. sciatica

Which of the following nerves does not arise from the brachial plexus? Select one: a. median b. radial c. phrenic d. ulnar

The cranial nerves that have neural connections with the tongue include all except the ________. Select one: a. trigeminal b. trochlear c. facial d. glossopharyngeal

Bell's palsy is ________. Select one: a. characterized by partial paralysis of diaphragm muscles b. often caused by inflammation of the trigeminal nerve c. characterized by loss of vision d. characterized by paralysis of facial muscles