A/P Chapter 27

25 July 2022
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question
Which of the following best describes a common cause of respiratory acidosis?
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reduced alveolar ventilation
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A patient with severe diarrhea is losing all these except __________ from his body
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hydrogen ions
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Treating chronic heartburn with excessive sodium bicarbonate can lead to the acid-base disturbance known as __________.
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metabolic alkalosis
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Hyperventilation usually leads to a substantial ___________in the partial pressure of ___________ in body fluids.
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fall; carbon dioxide
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Ketone bodies produced during severe diabetes mellitus often leads to ___________.
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metabolic acidosis
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Hypoventilation leads to
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respiratory acidosis.
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In response to respiratory alkalosis, the
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kidneys retain more hydrogen ions.
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Prolonged vomiting can result in
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metabolic alkalosis.
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A person with emphysema will exhibit signs of
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chronic respiratory acidosis
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A person with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus will develop
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metabolic acidosis.
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Severe kidney damage (such as glomerulonephritis) often leads to
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metabolic acidosis
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Which of the following descriptions best fits the acid-base disorder metabolic alkalosis?
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consequence of prolonged vomiting
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Which of the following descriptions best fits the acid-base disorder respiratory acidosis?
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consequence of reduced alveolar ventilation, for example due to emphysema
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Which of the following descriptions best fits the acid-base disorder respiratory alkalosis?
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consequence of hyperventilation, for example in fever or mental illness
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A drop in blood pH will be compensated for by __________. Excretion refers to the loss of ions from the plasma.
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excreting more hydrogen ions and fewer bicarbonate ions
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A rise in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide will cause a __________ in pH and a __________ in blood bicarbonate levels.
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fall; rise
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The primary role of the carbonic-acid-bicarbonate buffer system is to
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limit pH changes caused by organic and fixed acids.
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A chemical that minimizes changes in the pH of a body fluid by releasing or binding hydrogen ion is called a(n)
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buffer