Where in the skeleton is the ulna located in reference to the humerus?
a. distal
b. medial
c. proximal
d. lateral
answer
a
The ulna is a bone in the forearm which is distal to the humerus in the upper arm. The humerus makes up the upper arm.
question
Identify the primary region of the ulna that forms the hinge joint with the humerus.
a. coronoid process
b. trochlear notch
c. olecranon process
d. olecranon fossa
answer
c
The trochlear notch of the ulna swings around the trochlear of the humerus, permitting flexion and extension at the elbow.
question
Identify the true statement about the head of the ulna.
a. helps form the pivot joint between the ulna and radius
b. helps form the elbow joint
c. found at the proximal end of the bone
d. found at the distal end of the bone
answer
d
The head of a bond is typically found at the proximal end. The head of the ulna is at the distal end of the bone near the wrist.
question
Identify the projection found on the distal end of the ulna.
a. head
b. styloid process
c. olecranon process
d. coronoid process
answer
b
The styloid process of the ulna makes up the superficial bump seen on the lateral surface of the wrist.
question
Identify the region of the ulna that articulates with the humerus when the forearm is in full extension.
a. trochlear notch
b. olecranon process
c. trochlea
d. coronoid process
answer
b
When the forearm is in full extension the olecranon process of the ulna fits snuggly into the olecranon fossa of the humerus.
question
Identify the tarsal that articulates with the tibia and fibula.
a. cuboid
b. navicular
c. calcaneus
d. talus
answer
d
Talus articulates with the tibia and fibula on its superior surface
question
Name the number of tarsals.
a. 10
b. 8
c. 7
d. 5
answer
c
The tarsus is made up of 7 bones that compose the ankle and the posterior portion of the foot.
question
Identify the anatomical term for the "heel bone".
a. calcaneus
b. cuneiform
c. achilles
d. talus
answer
a
Calcaneus is a large tarsal that contacts the floor at its posterior region and articulates with talus on its superior surface.
question
Identify the bones that make up the middle portion of the foot.
a. phalanges
b. metatarsals
c. tarsals
d. metacarpals
answer
b
There are 5 metatarsals that are found between the tarsals (ankle and heel) and the phalanges (toes).
question
Which of the following digits contain only 2 phalanges?
a. 1
b. 3
c. 5
d. 2
answer
a
The great toe or hallux (the big toe) only has 2 phalanges, a proximal phalanx and distal phalanx.
question
What type of bone is a phalanx?
a. long
b. short
c. irregular
d. flat
answer
a
The elongated shape of the phalanges make them long bones, even though the phalanges are small in size
question
Identify the bone that articulates with the distal end of the femur.
a. tibia
b. calcaneus
c. ulna
d. fibula
answer
a
The tibia articulates with the distal end of the femur, distributing the weight of the body to the foot.
question
Identify the region of the femur that forms part of the hip joint.
a. medial condyle
b. fovea capitis
c. head
d. neck
answer
c
The head of the femur is the fall portion of the hip joint, which articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone which forms the socket
question
The condition known as a "fractured hip" is most often a break in the femur. Where is the femur particularly susceptible to a fracture?
a. head
b. greater trochanter
c. acetabulum
d. neck
answer
d
Many times the phrase "fractured hip" refers to a break in the neck of the femur. This type of fracture detaches the head of the femur leaving it in the socket (the acetabulum of the hip joint).
question
Identify the landmark that is unique to the femur.
a. trochanter
b. head
c. condyle
d. notch
answer
a
The greater and lesser trochanters are unique to the femur.
question
Identify the landmark found on the diaphysis of the femur.
a. linea aspera
b. greater trochanter
c. deltoid tuberosity
d. fovea capitis
answer
a
The linea aspera is an elevated ridge found on the diaphysis of the femur. It serves as a site of muscle attachment.
question
Identify the best description for the location of the head of the femur.
a. medial and proximal
b. lateral and proximal
c. medial and distal
d. posterior and proximal
answer
a
In order for the head of the femur to articulate with the hip bones, it must make contact with the pelvic girdle (medial) at the top (proximal) portion of the femur.
question
The adult hip bone consists of ___ regions.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4
answer
c
In childhood, the hip bone consists of 3 separate bones. The bones fuse together to become the adult hip bone.
question
Which region of the hip bone articulates with sacrum?
a. ilium
b. coccyx
c. ischium
d. pubis
answer
a
The ilium is the largest region of this bone. It articulates with the sacrum at the auricular surface.
question
Which landmark of the hip bone can be felt on a hard chair?
a. pubic rami
b. iliac crest
c. ischial body
d. ischial tuberosity
answer
d
The ischial tuberosity is the thickened interior surface of the ischium. When we sit our weight is distributed to the chain through the ischial tuberosities.
question
What regions of the hip bones articulate to form a symphysis?
a. ischial tuberosities
b. right and left pubic tubercles
c. right and left pubic bodies
d. right and left iliac fossa
answer
c
The pubic bodies of the right and left hip bones articulate to form the pubic symphysis.
question
Which of the following is the largest region of the hip bone?
a. ischium
b. pubis
c. ileum
d. ilium
answer
d
The ilium makes up the biggest region of the hip bone.
question
Identify the articular site for the femur.
a. acetabulum
b. auricular surface
c. obturator foramen
d. fovea capitis
answer
a
The acetabulum is the socket for the femur. It is formed by a fusion of all 3 regions that make up the hip bone.
question
Identify the large hold in this bone.
a. foramen magnum
b. lesser sciatic notch
c. greater sciatic notch
d. obturator foramen
answer
d
The obturator foramen is the large circular hole in the hip bone. A few blood vessels and nerves pass through the part of the obturator foramen that isn't sealed off by a fibrous membrane.
question
The ridge like superior edge of the ilium is known as the ___.
a. iliac crest
b. anterior gluteal line
c. ischial spine
d. anterior superior iliac spine
answer
a
The iliac crest forms the large flaring superior border of the ilium that ends at the anterior superior iliac spine in front of the hip bone and the posterior superior iliac spine in the back.
question
What region of the vertebral column does the hip bone articulate with?
a. thoracic region
b. coccygeal region
c. sacral region
d. lumbar region
answer
c
The hip bones articulate with the sacrum at the sacroiliac joint.
question
Which bone articulates in the acetabulum?
a. humerus
b. femur
c. tibia
d. calcaneus
answer
b
The head of the femur articulates in the acetabulum of the hip bone, forming one of the largest call and socket joints in the body
question
T or F: The palpable hip bone projects in the front of the body felt when you put your hands on your hips are the posterior inferior iliac spines.
answer
F
The anterior superior iliac spines can be palpable with hands on the hips.
question
T or F: The projection at the inferior end of the greater sciatic notch is the ischial spine.
answer
T
The inferior portion of the greater sciatic notch is just superior to the ischial spine.
question
T or F: The hip bone is part of the axillary skeleton.
answer
F
The axial skeleton consists of the skull, the vertebral column, and the rib cage.
question
Identify the non-weight bearing bone of the lower limb.
a. talus
b. femur
c. tibia
d. fibula
answer
d
The fibula articulates with the tibia on its medial surface. It does not help distribute the weight of the body to the foot.
question
Identify the type of joint found between the distal end of the tibia and fibula (distal tibiofibular joint).
a. synchondrosis
b. syndesmosis
c. symphysis
d. suture
answer
b
A syndesmosis is a type of fibrous joint where the 2 articulating joints are joined solely by ligaments.
question
What type of joint is a synchondrosis joint that unites bones with hyaline cartilage?
a. articular
b. fibrous joint
c. elastic joint
d. cartilaginous joint
answer
d
A synchondrosis is a type of cartilaginous joint, not fibrous. A synchondrosis unites bones with hyaline cartilage.
question
Name the noticeable bump on the outside of the ankle.
a. medial malleolus
b. lateral malleolus
c. lateral condyle
d. medial condyle
answer
b
The lateral malleolus of the fibula creates an easy to find surface landmark on the outside of the ankle.
question
Identify two bones that the fibula articulates with in the skeleton.
a. tibia and femur
b. tibia and talus
c. femur and talus
d. femur and calcaneus
answer
b
The fibula articulates medially along its length with the tibia, and distally the lateral malleolus of the tibus contacts talus.
question
What type of bone is the fibula?
a. flat
b. irregular
c. long
d. short
answer
c
The elongated shape of the fibula qualifies it as a long bone.
question
Identify the bony posterior wall of the pelvis.
a. sacrum
b. pubic symphysis
c. coccyx
d. lumbar vertebrae
answer
a
The sacrum articulates with the hip bones on the auricular surface of the ilium forming the sacroiliac joint. The sacrum makes up the back wall of the pelvic girdle.
question
Name the number of vertebrae that fuse together to form the sacrum.
a. 3
b. 5
c. 2
d. 4
answer
b
During development, individual vertebrae compose the entire vertebral column. Five bones fuse together to form the sacrum.
question
Identify the region of the coxal bone that articulates with sacrum.
a. coccyx
b. ilium
c. pubis
d. ischium
answer
b
Ilium is the largest region of the hip bone. The ilium forms the sacroiliac joint on its anterior surface with the sacrum at a bumpy region known as the auricular surface.
question
Identify the tailbone.
a. coccyx
b. spinous process
c. sacrum
d. xiphoid process
answer
a
The coccyx is the tailbone. It articulates with the vertebral column inferior to the sacrum.
question
Identify the typical number of vertebrae that fuse during development to form the coccyx.
a. 5-7
b. 3-5
c. 1-3
d. 2-8
answer
b
The coccyx is formed by 3-5 vertebrae fusing together during development.
question
The flat surface of the tibia that articulates with the femur is the superior surface of which landmark?
a. medial malleolus
b. head
c. medial and lateral condyles
d. patellar surface
answer
c
The flat articular surfaces of the medial and lateral condyles of the tibia form the knee joint with the medial and lateral condyles of the femur.
question
Identify the bone found lateral to the tibia.
a. fibula
b. fibularis
c. femur
d. calcaneus
answer
a
The tibia and fibula lie parallel to one another between the knee and ankle.
question
Identify the anatomical landmark resulting in a noticeable bump on the medial surface of the ankle.
a. styloid process
b. lateral malleolus
c. medial malleolus
d. medial condyle
answer
c
The medial malleolus of the tibia forms the easily visible and palpable bump inside the ankle.
question
Name the bone that articulates with the distal end of the femur.
a. fibula
b. fibularis
c. calcaneus
d. tibia
answer
d
The medial and lateral condyles of the tibia articulate with landmarks of the same name on the femur.
question
Identify the blunt elevation found on the anterior surface of the tibia between the lateral and medial condyles.
a. medial malleolus
b. tibial tuberosity
c. intercondylar eminence
d. articular surface of the medial condyle
answer
b
The tibial tuberosity is found on the anterior surface of the proximal part of the tibia. The patellar ligament attaches to the tibial tuberosity.
question
Which of the following landmarks can be found on both the tibia and fibula?
a. tuberosity
b. malleoli
c. head
d. condyles
answer
b
Both the tibia and fibula have malleoli, which form the palpable bumps found on the inside and outside of the ankle.
question
Are there condyles on the fibula?
a. yes
b. no
answer
b
Condyles are features found on the tibia and other bones, but not the fibula.
question
The only bone of the appendicular skeleton that articulates with the axial skeleton is the ___.
a. clavicle's articulation with the manubrium
b. scapula's articulation with the clavicle
c. femur's articulation with the acetabulum
d. manubrium's articulation with the first two ribs
answer
a
question
T or F: The thumb has no middle phalanx.
answer
T
question
In anatomical position,
a. the ulna is lateral to the radius
b. the styloid process of the radius is medial to the ulna
c. the head of the radius is medial to the ulna
d. the radius is lateral to the ulna
answer
d
question
All the bones of the digits are collectively known as:
a. carpals
b. tarsals
c. metacarpals
d. phalanges
answer
d
question
The bone of the forearm that directly and functionally articulates with the carpals is the:
a. humerus
b. radius
c. ulna
d. lunate
answer
b
question
Which bones are the components of the pelvic girdle?
a. sternum and clavicles
b. scapulae and clavicles
c. the sacrum, coccyx, and coxal bones
d. the coxal bones
e. the coxal bones and femur
answer
d
The sacrum and coccyx are not parts of the pelvic girdle.
question
T or F: Amphiarthroses are more movable than diarthroses.
answer
F
question
Which type of joint predominates in the upper limb?
a. fibrous
b. cartilaginous
c. ball and socket
d. synovial
answer
d
In the upper limb, only the shoulder is a ball and socket joint. Most of the joints in the upper limb are diarthrotic, synovial joints.
question
Which of the response pairs listed below does not correctly pair the joint category with its functional degree of mobility?
a. symphysis: amphiarthrosis
b. synovial: diarthrosis
c. synchondrosis: amphiarthrosis
d. suture: synarthrosis
answer
c
question
T or F: The interosseous membrane is a type of syndesmosis.
answer
T
question
Structural classification of joints ____.
a. includes synarthroses, amphiarthroses, and diarthroses
b. includes fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial
c. is based on the amount of movement allowed
d. all of the listed responses are correct
answer
b
question
A joint between a tooth and its socket is
a. a synotosis
b. a suture
c. an ankylosis
d. a gomphosis
answer
d
question
At the shoulder joint, the head of the humerus articulates with the scapula at the
a. coracoid process
b. glenoid cavity
c. acromion process
d. subscapular fossa
answer
b
question
An example of diarthrotic synchondrosis is:
a. is the intertarsal joint
b. is the epiphyseal plate
c. is the knee
d. does not exist
answer
d
question
What is the functional classification of the joint of the epiphyseal plate?
a. synchondrosis
b. syndesmosis
c. amphiarthrosis
d. synarthosis
answer
d
Structurally this joint is classified as synchondrosis; however, functionally it is an immovable joint, a synarthrosis. Epiphyseal plates are immovable joints.
question
What is the function of the synovial membrane of a synovial joint?
a. it secretes synovial fluid
b. it strengthens the joint so that bones are not pulled apart
c. it keeps bone ends from being crushed
d. it is responsible for weeping lubrication
e. it absorbs compression
answer
a
question
What are bursae and what is their function in the synovial joints in which they are located?
a. bursae are cartilaginous pads that help articulating bones fit together better
b. bursae are fibrous sacs of synovial fluid that decrease friction during movement
c. bursae are the small bones found within tendons that alter the direction of pull of a tendon.
d. none of the listed responses is correct
answer
b
question
The main function of synovial fluid is:
a. removing metabolic wastes
b. lubrication
c. cooling
d. nourishing bone
answer
b
question
Symphyses and synchondroses ___.
a. are all types of fibrous joints
b. are types of cartilaginous joints
c. allow differing amounts of movement based on degree of muscle tone at that joint
d. are synovial joints that do not allow movement between articulating bones
e. contain joint cavities
answer
b
question
The largest ball-and-socket joint in the body is the:
a. shoulder
b. interphalangeal joint
c. hip
d. knee
answer
c
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