U.S. Government Chapter 2 Section 1

Ordered government, limited government, representative government

Ordered government is an orderly regulation of government in which they created several local governments based on those the colonists had known in England. Many of the offices and units of governments are used still today: the offices of sheriff and justice of the peace, the grand jury, counties, and others.

Limited government is the idea that government is restricted in what it may do, and every individual has certain rights that government cannot take away.

Representative government is the idea that government should serve the will of the people.

The Magna Carta included the guarantees of such fundamental rights as trial by jury and due process of law (protection against the arbitrary taking of life, liberty, or property). It also established the critical idea that the monarchy's power was not absolute.

The Petition of Right demands that the King can no longer imprison or punish any person but by lawful judgement of his peers or by the law of the land, and he may not impose marital law, or military rule, in times of peace, or require homeowners to shelter the king's troops without their consent.

The English Bill of Rights prohibited a standing army in peacetime, except with the consent of Parliament, and required that all parliamentary elections be free. It also guaranteed the right to a fair trial, as well as freedom from excessive bail and from cruel and unusual punishment.

Royal, proprietary, and charter

Royal colonies were governed in direct control of the crown. The legislature is bicameral.

In proprietary colonies, the governor was appointed by the proprietor, and the legislature is unicameral.

The governors were elected each year by the white, male property owners in each colony. They were based on charters granted to the colonists themselves; largely self-governing; bicameral; had the most freedom.

Charter

Limited government

Bicameral

Representative government

Magna Carta

New Hampshire, Massachusetts, New York, New Jersey, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Georgia

Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland

Connecticut and Rhode Island

Virginia

Georgia

Massachusetts

1689; when William and Mary were coming into power

1628

of, by, and for the people