Substance Abuse Chapter 7 Study Questions

3 September 2022
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The CNS depressants include various prescription drugs referred to as...
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sedative hypnotics
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Which of these is NOT one of the early sedative-hypnotics used in medicine? -chloral hydrate -paraldehyde -butyrate -bromide salts
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bromide salts
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What has kept paraldehyde from being widely used?
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bad taste and odor
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How are barbiturates usually classified?
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duration of action
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Among the barbiturates, when prescribing a sleeping pill (hypnotic), physicians would usually choose a...
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higher dose of a short-acting drug
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Two drugs that were introduced as being safer than barbiturates, but in the long run proved to be not much safer, were...
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meprobamate and methaqualone
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The major advantage of the benzodiazepines over the barbiturates seems to be the...
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greater safety margin
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Librium (chlordiazepoxide) and Valium (diazepam) were the first widely sold...
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benzodiazepines
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The "date-rape" drug Rohypnol (flunitrazepam)...
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is sold as a hypnotic agent (sleeping pill) in many countries other than the U.S.
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When benzodiazepines bind to their receptor site, they...
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enhance the inhibitory effects of GABA
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Zolpidem (Ambien) is...
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not a benzodiazepine chemically, but it has similar effects
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The four most widely sold benzodiazepines are all longer-acting drugs sold primarily as...
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anxiolytics
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Sedative-hypnotic agents bind to which receptors in the brain?
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GABA
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Animal self-administration experiments and studies of drug choice among humans indicate that...
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short-acting barbiturates are more likely to lead to dependence than any of the benzodiazepines
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Withdrawal from long-term use of sedative-hypnotic drugs is characterized by...
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anxiety, insomnia, nausea, seizures
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One of the most dangerous acute effects of taking depressants in combination with alcohol is...
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respiratory depression
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Which of the following drugs could theoretically be used to treat barbiturate withdrawal?
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alchohol
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One of the oldest gaseous anesthetics, popularly known as "laughing gas" is...
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nitrous oxide
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What household product contains nitrous oxide?
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whipped cream dispensers
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The modern era of abuse of volatile solvents by young people can be traced to a 1959 newspaper report of ...
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glue sniffing
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Inhalant use has traditionally been more common among...
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poor Hispanic and Native American youth
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GHB (gamma hydroxybutyric acid)...
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occurs naturally in the brain
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The usual recreational dose of GHB when taken alone is about...
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1-5 grams
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Anecdotally, _____ (or poppers) are used to enhance sexual pleasure.
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amyl nitirite
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T or F: Paraldehyde is a CNS depressant that is currently available in several over-the-counter medications.
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False
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T or F: When barbiturates were the most popular sedative-hypnotics, low doses of the long-acting types were used as sleeping pills.
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False
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T or F: Benzodiazepines replaced barbiturates primarily because they were believed to be safer.
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True
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T or F: Ambien (zolpidem) is a popular benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety.
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False
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T or F: Sodium pentathol is a long-acting barbiturate used to treat insomnia.
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False
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T or F: Among the sedative-hypnotic drugs, short-acting barbiturates seem to be the most likely to lead to drug dependence.
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True
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T or F: Nitrous oxide (laughing gas) is a schedule 1 controlled substance.
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False
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T or F: The majority of "huffers" (users of inhalants) are above age.
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False
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T or F: Volatile solvents that act as CNS depressants are found in a wide variety of houshold products.
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True