PYSCHO MOD 7-10

20 July 2023
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A speciality area that focuses on the connections between brain activity and mental processes is known as
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cognitive neuroscience
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The simultaneous processing of information at both conscious and unconscious levels is called
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dual processing
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A capacity to monitor simultaneously the color, shape, and motion of an object best illustrates
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parallel processing
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Consciousness is to unconciousness as ________ is to ________
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sequential processing; parallel processing
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Compared with unconscious information processing, conscious information processing is relatively
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slow and especially effective for solving new problems
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Although we may be unaware of our gender prejudices, the often influence the way we consciously perceive males and females. This best illustrates
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dual processing
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While reading a novel, Raoul isn't easily distracted by the sounds of the TV or even by his brother's loud arguments. This best illustrates
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selective attention
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Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere is called
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inattentional blindess
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While a man provided directions to a construction worker, two experiments rudely interrupted by passing between them carrying a door. The man's failure to notice that the construction worker was replaced by a different person during this interruption illustrates
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change blindess
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A teenager texting while crossing the the street is not likely to notice a car rounding the corner and about to cross her path. This best illustrates the impact of
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selective attention
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Jordanna has decided to go to bed early. Although her eyes are closed and she's very relaxed, she has not yet fallen asleep. An EEG is most likely to indicate the presence of
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alpha waves
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Bed-wetting is most likely to occur at the end of ________ sleep
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NREM-3
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Hypnagogic sensations are most closely associated with _______ sleep
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NREM-1
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Circadian rhythm refers to
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a pattern of biological functioning that occurs on a roughly 24-hour cycle
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Forty-year-old Lance insists that he never dreams. Research suggests that he probably
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would report a vivid dream if he were awakened during REM sleep
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The occasional experience of sleep paralysis is most likely as you awaken from
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REM sleep
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The human sleep cycle repeats itself about every
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90 minutes
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REM sleep is called paradoxical sleep because
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our nervous system is highly active, while our voluntary muscles hardly move
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The circadian rhythm is influenced by light-sensitive retinal proteins that trigger signals to the
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suprachiasmatic nucleus
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Bats need a lot of sleep because their high walking metabolism produces ________ the are toxic to neurons.
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free radicals
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The best time for athletes to engage in heavy exercise workouts is
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late afternoon or early evening
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Compared with when they were only 20 years old, 60-year-olds
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spend less time in deep sleep
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Susan is a political cartoonist whose work requires her to think imaginatively and present ideas in visually novel ways. Her work is most likely to be facilitated by
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full nights of sleep
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Sleep deprivation increases levels of the hunger-arousing hormone _______ and decreases levels of the hunger-suppressing hormone ________
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ghrelin; leptin
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Production of the human growth hormone necessary for muscle development is most strongly associated with
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slow-wave sleep
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A need to take larger and larger doses of sleeping pills to avoid insomnia indicates
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toleranc
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A recurring difficulty in falling or staying asleep is called
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insomnia
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Which of the following is bad advice for a person trying to overcome insomnia?
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Drink a glass of wine 15 minutes before bedtime
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Narcolepsy is a disorder in which a person
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experiences uncontrollable attacks of overwhelming sleepiness
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Night terrors typically occur
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during NREM-3 sleep
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An air pump that keeps the sleeper's airway open and breathing regular is often prescribed for serious cases of
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sleep apnea
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The absence of a hypothalamic neural center that produces orexin has been linked to
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narcolepsy
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Compared with adults, children are
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more likely to experience night terrors and more likely to experience sleepwalking
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Research studies of the content of dreams indicate that
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people are more likely to dream of failure than of success
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While soundly asleep people cannot
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learn tape-recorded messages to which they are repeatedly exposed
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According to Freud, the latent content of a dream refers to
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its underlying but censored meaning
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Evidence suggests that we consolidate our memories of recent life events through
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REM sleep
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REM rebound involves the
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tendency for REM sleep to increase following REM sleep deprivation
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The part of the brain called our biological clock because it regulates our sleep wake cycle is the
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hypothalamus
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The effects of chronic sleep deprivation include
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suppression of the immune system, diminished productivity, depression
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Chemical substances that alter perceptions and moods are called _______ drugs
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psychoactive
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The need to take larger and larger doses of a drug in order to experience its effects is an indication of
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tolerance
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The change in brain chemistry that offsets the effects of a psychoactive drug is called
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neuroadaptation
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The discomfort and distress that follow the discontinued use of certain drugs is called
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withdrawal
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The change in brain chemistry that offsets the effects of a psychoactive drug is called
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neuroadaptation
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Night terrors typically occur
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during NREM-3 sleep
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Hypnagogic sensations are most closely associated with _______ sleep
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NREM-1
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The greatest danger of of viewing drug addiction as a disease is that this may lead drug addicts to
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feel powerful to overcome the addiction
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Women who have been drinking alcohol become______ disposed to casual sex, and men who have been drinking become ______ disposed to casual sex.
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more; more
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If heaving drinking follows a period of moderate drinking, people may poison themselves with an overdose because the moderate drinking
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depresses their vomiting response
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Alcohol consumption disrupts the processing of recent experiences into long-term memory by
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suppressing REM sleep
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Prolonged and excessive drinking can shrink the brain most intensely in _______ who have _______ of a stomach enzyme that digests alcohol.
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women; less
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Which drugs are most likely to be prescribed as tranquilizers?
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barbiturates
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Morphine and heroin are
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opiates
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Repeated use of an opiate
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decreases the brain's production of endorphins
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François was dismayed to discover that some of his football teammates were using drugs to enhance their footwork and endurance on the playing field. Which of the following drugs were the players most likely using?
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amphetamines
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Amphetamines ________ appetite and ________ self-confidence.
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decrease; increase
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A rewarding consequence of cigarette smoking is that it reduces
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sensitivity to pain
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When cocaine is injected or smoked, it produced a rush of euphoria that lasts 15 to 30 minutes. But stimulant drug _______ can trigger 8 hours or so of heightened energy and euphoria.
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methamphetamine
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Which of the following is an amphetamine derivative that acts as a mild hallucinogen?
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ecstasy
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After ingesting a small dose of a psychoactive drug, Laqueta experienced vivid visual hallucinations and felt as if she were separated from her own body. Laqueta most likely experienced the effects of
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LSD
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Unlike alcohol, the THC in marijuana
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lingers in the body for a week or more
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Symptoms of drug withdrawal are likely to be
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most severe among those with high levels of drug tolerance