Psychology Ch. 13 example #34619

6 April 2024
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question
The theory of social comparison was proposed by _____.
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Leon Festinger
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Research in psychology suggests that many attractive people possess a number of positive characteristics. One explanation for this is that expectations cause individuals to act in ways that serve to make their expectations about attractive people come true. This is known as the _____.
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self-fulfilling prophecy
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Which of the following conclusions was drawn from the Stanford prison experiment conducted by Zimbardo?
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People are more likely to be evil when personal responsibility is removed.
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_____ means coming up with a rationale for the amount of work a person puts into getting something, typically by increasing the value associated with things that are difficult to attain.
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Effort justification
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Which of the following statements is true of stereotype threat?
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pg 436
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According to Gordon Allport, intergroup contact is NOT likely to reduce prejudice when group members _____.
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engage in competitive tasks
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_____ are people's opinions and beliefs about other people, objects, and ideas, and how they feel about the world.
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Attitudes
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Which of the following is true of agreeableness in the context of prosocial behavior?
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It is related to greater volume in the posterior cingulate cortex.
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In the context of persuasion strategies, the door-in-the-face technique involves:
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making the biggest pitch first.
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Which of the following is the best way to decrease social loafing?
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Make each individual's contributions more unique.
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According to studies done in the area of self-objectification, which of the following statements is true?
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Women who feel objectified are less likely to engage in social activism.
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Which of the following is the least likely reason that people develop prejudice?
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Inborn tendencies
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In order to improve interactions among students from different ethnic backgrounds, a teacher would be best advised to use:
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the jigsaw classroom.
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In the context of group decision making, which of the following is a symptom of groupthink?
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Pressure for uniformity
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Which of the following behaviors is an example of aggression?
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All of these.
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Affectionate love is also called _____ love.
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companionate
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_____ is an unjustified negative or harmful action toward a member of a group simply because the person belongs to that group.
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Discrimination
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The process by which individuals come to understand the causes of others' behavior and form an impression of them as individuals is called _____.
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attribution
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According to research in the area of health and social psychology, who among the following is likely to have the earliest death?
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A chronically lonely person
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One explanation for the effects of deindividuation in groups is that groups:
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give people anonymity
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_____ is the personality trait most strongly associated with prosocial behaviors.
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Agreeableness
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In the context of prosocial behaviors, which of the following is an accurate description of egoism?
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All of these.
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According to research on aggressive behavior, which of the following personality factors is mostly associated with aggression?
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Low levels of conscientiousness
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_____ refers to the impaired group decision making that occurs when making the right decision is less important than maintaining group harmony.
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Groupthink
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_____ is an unjustified negative attitude toward an individual based on the individual's membership in a particular group.
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Prejudice
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John Dollard's frustration-aggression hypothesis states that:
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frustration always leads to aggression.
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Which of the following is proposed by the self-perception theory?
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Behavior can change and influence the attitude of a person.
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Which of the following is true of majority and minority influence in a group?
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The minority in a group cannot win through normative pressure.
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According to the _____ theory, the success of a relationship is a function of how a person feels about the equity in his or her relationship.
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social exchange
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In the context of social influence, Solomon Asch's experiment demonstrates _____.
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conformity
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In the context of intergroup relations, which of the following theories best explains why individuals like to think of their group as an in-group?
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Social identity theory
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Risky shift and group polarization are aspects of _____.
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group decision making
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Which of the following statements about attraction between people is true?
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People tend to shy away from the unknown, which is why similarity facilitates attraction.
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The solidification and further strengthening of an individual's position as a consequence of a group discussion or interaction is known as:
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the group polarization effect.
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In the context of persuasion, attempts at persuasion may be more difficult when:
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a source has a vested interest in the message.