Poster Quiz Unit 5

Rapid eye movement sleep, a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep, because the muscles are relaxed (except for minor twitches) but other body systems are active.

Relaxation begins; EEG shows alpha waves; arousal is easy. A falling or floating sensation can occur.

Irregular EEG with sleep spindles (short high-amplitude bursts); arousal is more difficult.

Sleep deepens; theta and delta waves appear; vital signs decline.

The theory that dreams help organize, file, and sort recent memories.

Regular brain stimulation from REM sleep may help develop and preserve neural pathways

Theory that dreams reflect inputs from brain activation originating in the pons, which the forebrain then attempts to weave into a story

Dream content reflects dreamers' cognitive development- their knowledge and understanding

Dreams provide a "psychic safety valve"—expressing otherwise unacceptable feelings; contain manifest (remembered) content and a deeper layer of latent content—a hidden meaning.

Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep

A sleep disorder characterized by uncontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.

A sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings

A sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares, night terrors occur during Stage 4 sleep, within two or three hours of falling asleep, and are seldom remembered

Depressants, Stimulants, Hallucinogens

Drugs (such as alcohol, barbiturates, and opiates) that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

Drugs (such as caffeine, nicotine, and the more powerful amphetamines, cocaine, and Ecstasy) that excite neural activity and speed up body functions.

Psychedelic drugs, such as LSD, that distort perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input