General Psychology/Test 5

24 December 2023
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Cognition refers to:
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he mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, remembering, and communicating.
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Maturation is to education as ________ is to ________.
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nature; nurture
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According to Piaget, schemas are:
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people's conceptual frameworks for understanding their experiences.
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According to Piaget, a child can represent things with words and images but cannot reason with logic during the ________ stage
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preoperational
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Chloe can clearly sense when her sister's teasing is intended to be friendly fun or a hostile put-down. This best illustrates that Chloe has developed a(n):
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theory of mind.
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Little Karen will approach and play with unfamiliar animals only if her mother first reassures her that it is safe to do so. This best illustrates the adaptive value of:
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attachment.
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Providing children with a safe haven in times of stress contributes most directly to:
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secure attachment.
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A critical period is a phase during which:
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certain events have a particularly strong impact on development.
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Some mothers feed their infants when they show signs of hunger, whereas others fail to respond predictably to their infants' demands for food. These different maternal feeding practices are most likely to contribute to differences in infant:
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attachment.
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Edith abuses both her 3-year-old and 1-year-old daughters. Her behavior is most likely related to a lack of
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an early and secure attachment to her own parents.
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The McDougals use harsh discipline on their children and demand unquestioning obedience. Psychologists are likely to characterize the McDougals as ________ parents.
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authoritarian
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Authoritative parents are likely to have children who:
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have high self-esteem and are self-reliant.
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Adolescence extends from:
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the beginnings of sexual maturity to independent adulthood.
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Primary sex characteristics are to ________ as secondary sex characteristics are to ________.
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female ovaries; deepened male voice
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Puberty is most closely related to the onset of:
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menarche
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One argument against the death penalty for 16- and 17-year-olds is that maturation of the ________ lags behind maturation of the ________.
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frontal lobe; limbic system
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According to Erikson, trust is to ________ as identity is to ________.
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infancy; adolescence
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Adolescence is typically a time of:
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diminishing parental influence and growing peer influence
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Lewis is a 70-year-old retired college professor. In contrast to when he was 30, he now probably:
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does not hear as well.
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Which of the following terms refers to a person's accumulated knowledge and verbal skills?
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crystallized intelligence
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Fluid intelligence refers most directly to a person's
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ability to reason speedily and abstractly.
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Researchers have discovered that the transition phase between early and middle adulthood is characterized by unusually high levels of:
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none of the above.
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When children grow up and leave home, mothers most frequently report feeling:
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happy.
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According to Erikson, adolescence is to identity as late adulthood is to:
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integrity.
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A teratogen is a(n):
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substance that can cross the placental barrier and harm an unborn child.
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During the course of successful prenatal development, a human organism begins as a(n):
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zygote and finally develops into a fetus.
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Psychologists who view the developmental process as a sequence of distinct stages generally believe that ________ is(are) the same for everyone.
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the order but not the timing of the stages
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One of the most consistently damaging teratogens is:
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alcohol.
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From ages 3 to 6, the brain's neural networks are sprouting most rapidly in the:
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frontal lobes.
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Piaget was convinced that the mind of a child:
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develops through a series of stages.