development question

3 November 2023
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Dr. Birkin's major research interest is the development of motor skills in children. It is most likely that Dr. Birkin is a ________ psychologist.
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developmental
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People have always responded so positively to Alyssa's good looks that she has developed a socially confident and outgoing personality. This best illustrates the
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interaction of nature and nurture
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Which of the following refers to the genetic transfer of characteristics from parents to offspring?
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heredity
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During the course of successful prenatal development, a human organism begins as a(n)
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zygote and finally develops into a fetus
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One of the most consistently damaging teratogens is
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alcohol
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The symptoms of fetal alcohol syndrome are most likely to include
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mental retardation
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From the first weeks of life, "difficult" babies and "easy" babies display differences in
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temperament
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Mr. Hersch triggered a rooting reflex in his infant son by touching him on the
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cheek
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A reflex refers to
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an automatic response to sensory stimulation
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Twin and adoption studies have been most helpful for teasing apart the influences of
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nature and nurture
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Lacking any exposure to language before adolescence, a person will never master any language due to the ________ of unused neural connections.
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pruning
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Recognizing the process of maturation helps us to understand the absence of
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bladder control among 2-year-olds
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Which psychologist was most influential in shaping our understanding of cognitive development?
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Jean Piaget
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Four-year-olds are not completely egocentric and 5-year-olds can exhibit some understanding of conservation. This indicates that Piaget may have underestimated the
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continuity of cognitive development.
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The egocentrism of preschoolers was most strongly emphasized by
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Piaget's cognitive development theory.
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Babies less than 6 months old look longer than usual at unexpected events such as an object magically disappearing. This suggests that Piage
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underestimated the cognitive capacities of infants.
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By age 4, preschoolers begin forming a theory of mind. This suggests that Piaget overestimated young children's
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egocentrism
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At about 8 months, children become increasingly likely to react to newcomers with tears and distress. This best illustrates
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stranger anxiety
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Studies of monkeys raised with artificial mothers suggest that mother-infant emotional bonds result primarily from mothers providing infants with
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contact comfort
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Many researchers believe that adult styles of romantic love correspond with childhood patterns of
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attachment
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Marlys is a sensitive, responsive parent who consistently satisfies the needs of Sara, her infant daughter. According to Erikson, Sara is likely to
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form a lifelong attitude of basic trust toward the world
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One-year-old Eunice is not overly fearful of strangers but she clearly prefers being held by her mother than by anyone else. Her behavior best illustrates
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secure attachment
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Edith abuses both her 3-year-old and 1-year-old daughters. Her behavior is most likely related to a lack of
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an early and secure attachment to her own parents.
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The Rajans use harsh discipline on their children and demand unquestioning obedience. Psychologists are likely to characterize the Rajans as ________ parents.
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authoritarian
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Parents in Asian cultures are more likely than parents in Westernized cultures to encourage children to
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participate in household activities