Ch 3 Psyc

The average North American newborn measures ____inches in length.

A typical child at 24 months weighs about _____

The average North American newborn weighs

The average newborn triples his weight by:

Children reach half their adult height by the age

Clara's weight is in the 30th percentile. This means that_____percent of all babies her age weigh less than she does and________percent of all babies her age weigh more than she does.

Jordan's weight is in the 50th percentile. This means that:

A_________is a ranking between 0 and 100 that compares children of the same age in order to determine whether a particular baby is growing well.

Alma brought her six-month-old son to the doctor for a well-baby visit. The doctor says that her son's weight is in the 20th percentile. What does this definitely mean?

Parents are told that their newborn is in the 90th percentile for height. This means that their child is:

The human body is equipped to protect the brain when malnutrition temporarily affects body growth. This protective feature is known as:

A newborn's brain weight is ________an adult's brain weight.

Brain cells are called:

A basic nerve cell in the central nervous system is called a(n):

At birth, the human brain has:

The areas at the very front of the cortex

The outer layers of the brain are referred to as:

The last part of the brain to mature is the:

Which statement describes the brain's cortex?

The area in the brain that plans, anticipates, and controls impulses is the ________cortex

Neurons in the brain meet at "intersections" called:

Synapses are:

The function of neurotransmitters is to:

Dendrite growth is the main reason that brain weight_________from birth to the age of two.

Brain weight triples in size during first two years of life primarily because of the growth of:

The brain develops extremely quickly in the first few years, but not all of this growth is permanent. Due to its rapidity and temporary nature, this rapid brain growth is called:

Transient exuberance is the:

The process through which unused and misconnected dendrites atrophy and die is called

Pruning is the process by which:

From birth until age two, dendrites in the cortex increase:

According to research, increased brainpower is most likely due to:

A life-threatening condition that occurs when infants are shaken back and forth sharply and quickly is called:

An abusive caregiver shakes an infant to get her to stop crying. The infant stops crying. Why?

Dominique was an infant with very few toys, but she concocted things to play with out of what was available in her home in order to develop her brain. This is an example of:

An infant's inborn drive to remedy deficits is called:

Trent is an infant who lacks the toys and videos that promote brain development. He spends much of his day in a playpen with kitchen items for toys, listening to his grandmother sing while his mother works outside the home. In this situation, Trent's brain development will most likely:

The part of the brain that seems to be devoted to perceiving faces is the:

Children as young as ________old exhibit signs of the own-race effect.

Research found that three year olds ______were better at recognizing differences in newborn faces

Approximately how many hours per day does the average newborn spend asleep?

The dozing, half-awake state often seen in newborns is called: a. REM sleep.

Slow-wave sleep

The signs of REM sleep include flickering of the infant's:

Co-sleeping may be harmful to the baby if the mother:

Twelve-month-old Emily has slept in her parents' bed since she was born. This custom is called:

In addition to cultural influences, what is a compelling reason that causes parents to choose to co- sleep with their infant?

The process that first detects an external stimulus is:

Whenever the eyes, ears, tongue, skin, or mouth detect a stimulus, a(n)______has occurred.

Umar is a newborn is lying awake in his crib. Someone across the room speaks. What is his likely reaction?

You see a beautiful yellow flower while walking through a meadow. Your eyes seeing the flower is a matter of_____.Your brain determining that the flower is yellow is a matter of________.Imagining how the the flower will look in a vase would demonstrate_______.

The mental processing of sensory information is called:

Thinking about something that has been perceived is:

At what point in development is the sense of hearing already quite acute?

In terms of visual acuity, newborns:

The sense that is the least developed at birth is an infant's:

The neonate's vision:

By three months of age, babies look closely at the eyes and mouth when studying faces. This change in focus is due to:

. Binocular vision refers to the ability to:

Binocular vision appears between_______months of age.

Due to smell recognition, babies prefer to sleep:

Newborns' sense of touch allows them to:

The learned ability to move and control some parts of the body is referred to as:

Gross motor skills are:

Fine motor skills are:

Large movements that coordinate many parts of the body are known as_________motor skills.

Small movements made by fingers and toes are known as________motor skills

Most infants are able to inch forward on their bellies by the age of____months.

On average, children begin to walk independently at approximately ______of age.

Between_______months of age, most infants can lift their midsections and crawl on "all fours."

Renee is concerned because her son is 13 months old and is starting to walk before learning to crawl. What advice would a pediatrician give to Renee?

By________months of age, babies can usually sit up unsupported.

What three factors contribute to the ability to walk?

Aran's mother has been helping him to walk by holding his hands and supporting him. Aran's legs are strong enough to hold him up, and he's able to move his legs in a coordinated way as long as his mother supports him. What else does Aran need in order to walk on his own?

When they practice walking, babies average between_______steps per hour

Fine motor skills are those that

Behaviors that involve small body movements are known as_________motor skills.

Ann-Marie started walking when she was 10 months old; Cynthia is just beginning to take steps by herself at 13 months. Which conclusion is MOST likely true?

On average, which skill does an infant develop last?

On average, which skill does an infant develop first?

Baby Sam can grab objects, but sometimes he closes his hand too early or too late. Sam is probably around_______months old.

Most babies learn to grasp and hold onto objects by about________

Newborns perceive important experiences like breastfeeding:

At least________billion children were born between the years 1950 and 2010.

Between 1950 and 2010, more than _______ children died before age 5.

What is one effect of lower infant mortality rates?

Clean water, immunizations, and nutritious food have all had a dramatic impact on:

When the immune system is primed to resist a particular disease, the process is called:

For which illness is an immunization NOT available?

The most lethal disease for all children in past centuries was: a. polio.

When children are immunized, they contribute to the protection of others. This is referred to as:

A hypothesis that has been repeatedly disproved is that the MMR vaccine cause:

_________is the thick, high-calorie fluid that is secreted by a new mother's breasts in the days immediately following birth.

Breast milk:

Why are breast-fed babies less likely to contract infectious diseases than bottle-fed babies?

Studies comparing breast-feeding to bottle-feeding show that:

In the US_____percent of babies are breast-fed at birth, and_____percent are breast-fed at six months.

Shirley returned to full-time employment six weeks after her baby's birth. She exclusively breast-fed during her maternity leave, and then pumped her breast milk when she returned to work. Now her baby is three months old and drinks some formula when at daycare. Shirley wants to stop breast-feeding. If you were a pediatric nurse, what would you say to her?

A child who is too short for his or her age due to severe malnutrition is suffering from a condition called

When a child is more than two standard deviations underweight for his or her age, the child is suffering from a condition called

Hasan is 2 years old and does not have enough food. As a result, he has unusual swelling in his face and abdomen, and thin, colorless hair. Hasan is suffering from:

Lyrissa lives in Africa. She is 9 months old and does not weigh enough due to malnutrition. Her life is in danger. Lyrissa suffers from:

Piaget called an infant's first period of cognitive development:

During the sensorimotor stage, the child's main task is to:

Piaget believed children begin to develop cognitively at:

. In Piaget's terminology, sensorimotor stage one is described as:

. In Piaget's terminology, sensorimotor stage two is described as:

. In which of Piaget's sensorimotor stages do infants become aware of things and respond to people and objects?

"Do you want to play patty-cake?" Sofia asks her infant daughter. The baby responds by clapping her hands. In which stage of sensorimotor development is Sofia's baby?

In which of Piaget's sensorimotor stages do infants adapt, anticipate, and become more deliberate in responding to people and objects?

Adriana and her mother have been playing patty-cake, but mother is now trying to engage Adriana in a picture book. Adriana wants to play patty-cake again, so she grabs mother's hands and puts them together as if in a clap. Adriana is clearly in which stage of sensorimotor development?

The first of Piaget's sensorimotor stages that involves an infant's interaction with something else is:

The behavior of an infant in sensorimotor stage four might best be described as:

An example of stage-three sensorimotor behavior is

Sensorimotor stage four is the stage of:

Baby Hugh enjoys playing with his dad's keys, but when his dad takes them away, Hugh does not search for them. Piaget would say that is because Hugh does not understand:

__________is the understanding that objects continue to exist when they cannot be seen.

Object permanence is demonstrated by an infant who:

Piaget referred to toddlers in sensorimotor stage five as:

According to Piaget, a stage-five sensorimotor baby is like a:

Tia is fascinated with the toilet. So far, her parents have caught trying to flush a stuffed animal, a toy cell phone, and a handful of dog kibble. Which sensorimotor stage is Tia MOST likely in?

Piaget's sixth stage of sensorimotor intelligence is known as the stage of:

Research indicates that infants reach the stages of Piaget's sensorimotor intelligence_________Piaget originially predicted.

In one research study, scientists scanned the brains of both a monkey reaching for a banana and another monkey watching that action. The same neurons in a particular region of the brain were activated in both monkeys. These neurons are called ________neurons.

Which theory compares human thought to the workings of a computer?

New research on infant long-term memory has shown that infants can remember if the researchers:

Newborns prefer:

The usual order of the development of spoken language in an infant is:

Becky is a four-month-old infant whose mother uses a high-pitched voice, simple words or phrases, and lots of repetition when she speaks. Becky delights in her mother's use of:

Elaine communicates with her new baby using child-directed speech, which is also referred to as:

The distinct language form known as "baby talk" is a:

Research has found that child-directed speech is:

Infants' repetition of certain syllables at the age of about six or seven months is called:

Britta has begun repeating syllables such as "da-da-da-da" and "me-me-me-me-me." Britta is in the________stage of language developement

On average, children begin saying recognizable words at around________months of age.

Geoff has begun uttering one-word holophrases (e.g. "Dada!"). About how old is Geoff likely to be?

The term holophrase is used to denote

James uses the word "more" to mean "I want another cookie." In this case, "more" is a(n):

After a child's vocabulary has reached about 50 expressed words, vocabulary will increase by approximately_____words per month.

As infants acquire language, they say more_______than any other parts of speech.

Bae is a Korean toddler; his cousin Troy is a Korean-American toddler. Bae is learning to speak Korean, while Troy is learning to speak English. What will be the most noticeable difference in Bae's and Troy's use of language?

At approximately what age will a child begin to utter his or her first two-word sentences?

Abed is an average toddler. His parents can expect him to utter his first multiword sentence around:

The use of prefixes, suffixes, intonation, verb forms, pronouns, and other parts of speech is known as:

Javier's mother is a native Spanish speaker, and his father is a native English speaker. He hears both languages equally often and is addressed in Spanish by his mother and in English by his father. If Javier is a typical toddler, how will his language skills be affected by this early experience?

___________believed that children learn language by receiving adequate parental attention.

. By 10 months of age, Alan has a vocabulary of a dozen words. B. F. Skinner would have attributed Alan's rapid speech development mainly to:

According to the sociocultural perspective, what is the focus of early communication for infants younger than 12 months?

Which statement supports the sociocultural perspective of language learning?

When does it first become obvious that a person has discerned the rules of his or her native language?

According to Chomsky's theory of language acquisition:

The language acquisition device (LAD) was proposed by Chomsky to explain:

The statement, "Multiple attentional, social, and linguistic cues contribute to early language learning" supports the______theory of language learning.

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