Chapter 11 Psychology

How can parents help their children achieve high congruence? a. forcing them to be independent b. giving them unconditional love c. not allowing them to use their defense mechanisms d. pointing out their mistakes

Which of the following is not something the theories of Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow have in common? a. Both theories are humanistic. b. Both theories focus on individual choices. c. Both theories focus on the personality formed in infancy. d. Both theories reject biological determinism.

In Albert Bandura's social-cognitive theory, behavior refers to ________. a. actions that are not internally motivated b. anything an individual does that can be punished or rewarded c. reactions that are externally motivated d. specific actions that result in reactions

Which of the following theorists is not neo-Freudian? Correct! a. Albert Bandura b. Carl Jung c. Erik Erikson d. Karen Horney

Hans and Sybil Eysenck viewed people as having two specific personality dimensions: ________. a. extroversion/introversion; neuroticism/stability b. extroversion/stability; introversion/neuroticism c. phlegmatic/choleric; sanguine/melancholic d. phlegmatic/melancholic; choleric/sanguine

Who developed the first comprehensive theory of personality? a. Hippocrates b. Immanuel Kant c. Sigmund Freud d. Wilhelm Wundt

During which period are sexual feelings dormant as children focus on other pursuits, such as school, friendships, hobbies, and sports? a. anal b. genital c. latency d. phallic

What should be changed to make the following sentence true? Research suggests that there are two dimensions of our temperament that are important parts of our adult personality: interactivity and self-regulation. a. The word "interactivity" should be changed to the word "reactivity." b. The word "personality" should be changed to the word "self." c. The word "self-regulation" should be changed to the word "reactivity." d. The word "temperament" should be changed to the word "character."

Asa is buying a gift for his mother, an overbearing woman who is difficult to please. When a clerk asks him who he is shopping for he replies, "my smother" instead of "my mother." What does this exemplify? a. archetype b. collective unconscious c. Freudian slip d. repressed memory

Immanuel Kant used the terms persistent, steadfast, and calm to describe a ________ person. a. choleric b. melancholic c. phlegmatic d. sanguine

________ is a state of being in which our thoughts about our real and ideal selves are very similar. a. congruence b. egotism c. incongruence d. self-concept

Who suggested that men have womb envy because they cannot give birth? a. Abraham Maslow b. Carl Jung c. Karen Horney d. Sigmund Freud

The concept of ________ suggests that people choose to move to places that are compatible with their personalities and needs. a. discrimination emigration b. elective immigration c. personality location d. selective migration

The ________ is composed of a series of true and false questions in order to establish an individual's clinical profile. a. Contemporized-Themes Concerning Blacks Test (C-TCB) b. Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) c. Rorschach Inkblot Test d. TEMAS Multicultural Thematic Apperception Test

If parents are too lenient in the ________ stage, the child might become messy, careless, disorganized, and prone to emotional outbursts. a. anal b. genital c. oral d. phallic

Tammy has a positive view of challenges: She views them as tasks to be mastered. She develops a deep interest in and a strong commitment to becoming a good teacher. When she doesn't pass her first teaching praxis, she quickly recovers and works to overcome the setback. Albert Bandura would say Tammy has ________. a. healthy cognitive processes b. high self-efficacy c. low self-efficacy d. moderate reciprocal determinism

Max's behavior and self-presentation is relaxed and informal with his friends. When he goes on a job interview he projects professionalism and formality with his attire and language. What would Carl Jung suggest about Max? a. Max adopted a professional persona for his job interview. b. Max has an Oedipus complex. c. Max is an archetype. d. Max is an introvert.

Who developed social-cognitive theory? a. Abraham Maslow b. Albert Bandura c. Carl Rogers d. Erik Erikson

According to Carl Jung, which of the following best served the goal of self-realization? a. ability of the extrovert to become an introvert in the second half of life b. ability of the introvert to become an extrovert in the second half of life c. balance between extroversion and introversion d. moving past the archetypes of the collective unconscious

What is the main difference between Sigmund Freud and the neo-Freudians? a. Neo-Freudians reduced the emphasis on sex. b. Neo-Freudians theorized about personality while Sigmund Freud did not. c. Sigmund Freud did not emphasize childhood sexuality while the neo-Freudians did. d. Sigmund Freud was a feminist while the neo-Freudians were not.