Ch 16 Endocrine System

The adrenal medulla controls the short term response to stress by?

Which of the following statement about the pancreas is not true? The pancreatic islets are the exocrine tissue. The pancreas produces insulin and glucagon. The pancreas is located near the small intestine. The pancreas is not under pituitary control. The pancreas is a fish-shaped organ. The pancreatic islets are the endocrine tissue and produce insulin and glucagon.

Some of the hormones produced by the anterior pituitary have an effect on other glands. Which of the following does not? LH ACTH growth hormone TSH gonadotropic hormone Growth hormone promotes skeletal and muscular growth and does not act on another gland.

Which of the following is a glucocorticoid? norepinephrine epinephrine aldosterone cortisol renin Cortisol is a glucocorticoid that is active in the stress response.

Which of the following is not an endocrine gland? duodenum pituitary adrenal pineal thymus The duodenum is not an endocrine gland.

Right after eating a candy bar, insulin secretion would occur. True False Insulin is secreted when the blood glucose level is high.

Parathyroid hormone also activates ___________ in the kidneys. vitamin D vitamin C vitamin B cholesterol calcium PTH also activates vitamin D in the kidneys which then promotes calcium reabsorption by the kidneys.

Which of the following is a result of mineralocorticoid release? Glucose is not broken down. The immune cells are suppressed. Inflammation is reduced. Proteins and fat are broken down. Blood volume and pressure increase. Mineralocorticoids cause a blood volume and pressure increase due to their role in sodium homeostasis.

Which of the following hormones is not produced by the anterior pituitary? prolactin growth hormone thyroid stimulating hormone adrenocorticotropic hormone oxytocin Oxytocin is secreted by the hypothalamus.

Which of the following is not involved in the regulation of the reproductive system? adrenal gland hypothalamus anterior pituitary testes/ovaries nervous system All of these control the reproductive system except for the adrenal gland.

The secretion of which hormones qualifies the pancreas as an endocrine gland? insulin and glucagon insulin and digestive juices digestive juices and glucagon mineralocorticoids and insulin estradiol and digestive juices Both insulin and glucagon are secreted by the pancreas directly into the bloodstream. Digestive juices are secreted by the pancreas but they do not go into the bloodstream. Mineralocorticoids are secreted by the adrenal cortex. Estradiol is secreted by the adrenal cortex.

What are the symptoms of myxedema? an eye that protrudes from the eye socket a mass in the throat lethargy, weight gain, puffiness tremors in the hands, shaking, balance difficulties difficulty with speech, blurred vision Myxedema results in lethargy, weight gain, loss of hair, slower pulse rate, lowered body temperature, and thickness and puffiness of the skin.

Is it possible that a type 1 diabetic could be hypoglycemic? Yes No These individuals take daily insulin injections. If the amount of insulin is too great, the blood sugar level may drop (hypoglycemia).

Peptide hormones are able to pass through the membrane and bind to a receptor in the cytoplasm. bind to a receptor in the plasma membrane. act much more slowly than steroid hormones. initiate gene expression. are composed of a complex of 4 carbon rings. Peptide hormones bind to receptors in the plasma membrane to exert their effect.

Why is the pancreas both an endocrine and an exocrine gland? because it produces both a neurotransmitter and a hormone because it produces more than one hormone because it produces at least one hormone that is delivered through a duct and one that is delivered to the bloodstream because it has an outer cortex and an inner medulla because it is located within the abdominal cavity with ties to the gastrointestinal system An exocrine gland delivers its product through a duct and an endocrine gland delivers its product to the bloodstream. The pancreas has both.

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone is involved in the regulation of both the testes and the ovaries. True False Gonadotropin-releasing hormone, GnRH, is produced by the hypothalamus and controls both testes and ovaries.

Which of the following is an exocrine gland? parathyroids salivary glands thymus testes adrenal gland The salivary glands secrete their product into the mouth by way of the salivary ducts.

The hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary communicate via a portal system. True False A portal system, consisting of two capillary systems connected by a vein, lies between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary.

Most of the diabetics in the United States have type 1 diabetes. True False Most have type 2 diabetes.

Jamie suffers from heartburn. Sometimes this can be treated with mineralocorticoids. prostaglandins. aldosterone. thymosin. luteinizing hormone. Prostaglandins can reduce gastric secretions and have been used to treat gastric reflux.

Which of the following is not involved in blood calcium homeostasis? bones thyroid gland parathyroid glands kidneys posterior pituitary All are involved in blood calcium homeostasis except for the posterior pituitary.

Where is the thymus gland located? in the neck in the brain in the chest near the ovaries/testes on top of the kidneys The thymus gland lies just beneath the sternum in the chest.

Which system does the hypothalamus belong to? the nervous system the endocrine system both the nervous and the endocrine systems reproductive system cardiovascular system The hypothalamus belongs to both the nervous and the endocrine systems. It is often referred to as a neuroendocrine organ.

Which gland produces melatonin? testes thymus gland pineal gland ovaries adrenal glands The pineal gland produces melatonin, primarily at night.

What is the function of melatonin? regulate blood glucose levels regulate blood calcium levels aid in the differentiation of T lymphocytes control the daily sleep-wake cycle control the color of the skin Melatonin is involved in circadian rhythms, daily rhythms such as the sleep-wake cycle.

How would the endocrine and nervous systems respond to an individual touching a hot stove? sending signals that pull their hand away sending signals that cause the release of epinephrine sending signals that cause the release of norepinephrine sending signals that cause them to move their body away the endocrine and nervous systems would cause an individual to do all of these things The endocrine and nervous systems would cause an individual to do all of these things.

Which of the following hormones is mismatched with its producing gland? ovaries--follicle-stimulating hormone ovaries--estrogen thymus gland--thymosins pineal gland--melatonin testes--androgens The pituitary gland produces follicle-stimulating hormone.

Which pancreatic hormone stimulates the uptake of glucose by cells? insulin glucagon estradiol epinephrine cortisol Insulin is secreted by the pancreas when the blood glucose levels are high causing cells to increase their uptake of glucose. Glucagon is produced by the pancreas and it stimulates the liver to break down glycogen to glucose. Estradiol is produced by the adrenal cortex. Epinephrine is secreted by the adrenal medulla. Cortisol is secreted by the adrenal cortex.

Which of the following hormones is controlled by positive feedback? prolactin oxytocin growth hormone antidiuretic hormone gonadotropic hormone Oxytocin is controlled by positive feedback, which brings about an effect of ever increasing intensity.

Which of the following hormones is mis-paired with its target organ? TSH--thyroid FSH--gonads ACTH--adrenal cortex LH--kidney Gonadotropic hormones--testes and ovaries LH, luteinizing hormone, stimulates the gonads.

Which organ does not produce steroid hormones? pineal gland adrenal cortex ovaries testes Only the adrenal cortex, ovaries, and testes produce steroid hormones.

Which of the following organs also produce hormones as a secondary function of the organ? heart testes ovaries adrenal cortex thyroid The kidneys, GI tract, and heart produce hormones, although that is not the primary function of these organs. The testes, ovaries, adrenal cortex, and thyroid produce hormones as their primary function.

Which of the following is a feature of an endocrine gland? rev: 07_23_2015_QC_CS-19808 secretes a hormone directly into the bloodstream secretes a hormone into a gland or duct the product of these glands is carried into the lumen of an organ characterized by the salivary glands they do not respond to a negative feedback system Endocrine glands are those that secrete a hormone directly into the bloodstream. Exocrine glands secrete a hormone into a gland or duct. Their product is carried into the lumen of an organ. They are characterized by the salivary glands. Both endocrine and exocrine glands respond to a negative feedback system.

Glycogen can be broken down to increase blood glucose levels, but fat cannot be. True False Both fat and glycogen can be broken down to raise blood glucose levels.

Giants usually have poor health because they often have diabetes mellitus. True False Growth hormone has a secondary effect on the blood sugar level, and so giants usually have diabetes mellitus.

In comparing the functions of the nervous and endocrine system in controlling the body, the nervous system is better able to respond to changes in the external environment. True False The nervous system often has automatic responses to external stimuli as well as sensory receptors that provide us with information about the external environment.

Where are the adrenal glands located? in the brain in the neck on top of the kidneys near the ovaries/testes near the small intestine The adrenal glands sit atop the kidneys.

Which pancreatic hormone will be secreted when blood glucose levels are high? insulin glucagon cortisol thyroxine antidiuretic hormone Insulin is secreted when blood glucose levels are high. Glucagon is secreted when blood glucose levels are low. Cortisol is not a pancreatic hormone. Thyroxine is not a pancreatic hormone. Antidiuretic hormone is not a pancreatic hormone.

Which of the following statements about hormones is not true? Hormones are secreted by axons. Hormones are carried by the bloodstream. It takes time to deliver hormones to the cells. The effects of hormones are long lasting. Hormones are targeted to specific organs within the body. Hormones are secreted by glands, not axons. Neurotransmitters are secreted by axons.

How are type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus similar? The number of glucose carriers is too low in both. The blood glucose levels are very high in both. The body does not produce insulin in both. The body does not produce glucagon in both. Both are a result of obesity. In diabetes, the body's cells are unable to take up glucose and so blood glucose levels are high in both.