UNIT TEST: RECONSTRUCTION

As a result of economic problems that occurred in 1874, Northerners wanted to create new jobs through Reconstruction policies. Northerners wanted to increase spending on Reconstruction programs. Republicans in Congress began to speak out against Reconstruction. Republicans lost control of the House of Representatives to Democrats.

After emancipation, many formerly enslaved people built farms on abandoned land. What did President Johnson do with this land during Reconstruction? Johnson returned the land to its former owners. Johnson seized the land for the federal government. Johnson officially gave the land to formerly enslaved people. Johnson arranged for the government to purchase the land.

The Fourteenth Amendment affected many court cases, such as Brown v. Board of Education, in which women gained the right to equal pay. school segregation was outlawed. African Americans gained the right to vote. the Black Codes became unconstitutional.

During Reconstruction, which group or organization built schools for African Americans and trained teachers? the Freedmen's Bureau the Southern Democratic Party the carpetbaggers the scalawags

After Black Codes were established in the South, unemployed African Americans could be arrested as vagrants. could take their pick of jobs. often escaped to the North. were returned to enslavement.

Fading support for Reconstruction was caused in part by Ulysses S. Grant's election to a second term in office. a Democratic candidate becoming president in 1868. accusations of bribery against the Grant administration. Republican attacks on African American voting rights.

On February 24, 1868, President Andrew Johnson was impeached by the US Senate. the House of Representatives. the Supreme Court. the readmitted Southern states.

How did Northern Republicans react to the new members of Congress who joined in 1866? They were angry that African Americans had been elected to Congress. They were outraged that former Confederates were able to join Congress. They encouraged cooperation to accomplish the goals of Reconstruction. They decided to hand over control of Reconstruction to President Johnson.

During the late 1800s, the Union League was focused on uniting Northern and Southern workers in unions. driving all the carpetbaggers out of the South. the public education of children in the South. African American involvement in government.

The passage of the Fifteenth Amendment led to a ban on giving literacy tests to people in the southern states so they could vote. more African Americans being elected to all levels of government. the establishment of grandfather clauses that helped African Americans in the voting booth. poll taxes being outlawed because they were discriminatory.

Under Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction, what percentage of a state's population had to swear an oath of loyalty to the Union for the state to be readmitted? five percent ten percent twenty-five percent fifty percent

In 1883, several civil rights cases came before the Supreme Court that were related to freedom of speech and the Ku Klux Klan. land ownership for Southern sharecroppers. discrimination in public facilities. voting, poll taxes, and literacy tests.

Which statement best describes President Johnson's plan for Reconstruction? Johnson's plan pardoned most Southern whites and did not protect the rights of freed African Americans. Johnson's plan pardoned some Confederates but did not allow them to participate in government. Johnson's plan made it difficult, if not impossible, for Confederates to reestablish governments. Johnson's plan created policies that only the Radical Republicans in Congress supported.

During Reconstruction in the United States, the Freedmen's Bureau helped African Americans relocate from the South to the North. administered poll taxes and literacy tests during elections. negotiated labor contracts between laborers and employers. segregated white and African American students in schools.

How did the system of sharecropping affect landowners and laborers in the South? The system did not provide landowners with enough profits because laborers often took sizable cuts. The system typically drove laborers off the farms they had worked when they were enslaved and left landowners without workers. The system often trapped laborers in a cycle of debt and dependence while allowing landowners to profit from laborers' hard work. The system left landowners with mounting piles of debt because laborers had little to no incentives to work the fields.

Which best describes the goal of the Freedmen's Bureau? to relocate all formerly enslaved people to urban areas in the North to stop scalawags from taking advantage of African Americans to give land formerly owned by whites to African American farmers to help formerly enslaved people adjust to freedom in the South

Which of the following abolished involuntary servitude in the United States? the Thirteenth Amendment the Fourteenth Amendment the Reconstruction Acts the Black Codes

As a result of some former Confederate states' refusal to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment, Congress established military rule in the South. Congress changed the ratification process. those states reluctantly rejoined the Union. the amendment was not ratified for many years.

How did President Johnson handle land that had been abandoned in the South during the Civil War? He returned it to white landowners. He gave it to freed African Americans. He granted it to Northern military leaders. He claimed it for the federal government.

What did the Reconstruction Acts of 1867 accomplish? They divided the South into five military districts. They prohibited Southerners from joining Congress. They granted voting rights to all Americans over the age of 21. They limited the employment of African Americans.

States that wanted to rejoin the Union during Reconstruction had to create a branch of the Freedmen's Bureau. register white and African American voters. show their support for the Black Codes. organize at least one new military district.

After Reconstruction ended and the military was removed from the South, Jim Crow laws established a series of voting regulations. a new economic system in the South. a new method of picking electors. a formal system of segregation.

The election between Rutherford Hayes and Samuel Tilden was in dispute in four states, including Ohio. New York. Georgia. Louisiana.

Racial violence in the South in the late 1800s often included lynching, which is another term for killing, usually by hanging, without a trial. unlawfully taking someone's possessions. forcing someone to work at gunpoint. setting a sharecropper's house and fields on fire.

The Freedmen's Bureau closed in 1872 because it had been unable to found any schools in the South. African Americans were adjusted to freedom. it had achieved all of its goals and promises. it lacked the needed funding and effective planning.