17.0 History Test

25 July 2022
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Demilitarized
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-Elimination of weapons, which leads to Hitler violating the Treaty of Versailles -Germany began creating weapons and machinery (tank and ships) for the mobilization of war. -Hitler sent military into the Rhineland buffer area between France and Germany in the West
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Apeasement
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-Doing reasonable demands of dissatisfied powers in an effort to maintain peace and stability -This policy became known as appeasement which is defines as the policy of granting concessions to potential enemies to maintain the peace -Allowed German troops to oversee that Germany followed the provisions under the treaty of versailles
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Prime Minister of Neville
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He believes that if he catered to Hitlers demands then Britain could fully avoid another war with Europe.
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Hitler and Stalin
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Hitler did not want Stalin and the west to form an alliance it would cause a 2 front war with Germany (Stalin was already negotiating with Britain and France). Hitler then met up with Stalin about the Nazi's and soviets and then signed a secret pact to not attack each other. Hitler then offered Stalin control of eastern Poland and the Baltic states. HITLER HAD NO PLAN TO CARRY OUT AS HE WAS PLANNING ON ATTACKING STALIN
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Sanctions
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Restrictions intended to enforce international law. Japan wanted resources in Indochina. US denied the request saying they violated the peace treaty, and threatened to stop selling high demand (oil and iron) to them. Imperial ships where needed to defeat Japan if they did not leave. Japan would launch a surprise attack on America as a result.
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What is the difference between national sovereignty and demilitarization?
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-For a nation to be in power it must have the right to defend its boundaries. -A demilitarized Rhineland restricted Germany's power since it is under French control.
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What was Hitler's motivation for German expansion?
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- He wanted to build a vast Aryan nation that would dominate Europe. They needed more land for his Aryan people during world domination and to take out the Slavs to the East
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What alliances and events contributes to the outbreak of World War II?
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-Italy and Germany formed the Rom-Berlin axis -Germany and Japan allied themselves via the anti-Comintern pact -!939: Germany signed the Nazi-soviet non-aggression pact with the Soviet Union
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Why did Japan want to seize other countries?
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-Japan needed raw materials for it's industries and it claims it wanted to guide other Asian countries to obtain prosperity
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Do you think the British policy of appeasement was the main cause for Germany's aggression?
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-For: If Britain had re-armed immediately, Hitler may have stood down -Against: Nothing could have stopped Hitler's drive to create the Aryan nation
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The Axis Powers
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Italy, Germany, and Japan.
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The Allies
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Britain, France, Soviet Union, US and China
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Treaty of Versailles
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Hitler hated the Treaty of Versailles and violated it. First he built up the German military merging the SH and SS he focused on industrializing to build weapons. Then he sent troops to the Rhineland/ buffer demilitarized zone. Created abscissas merging Germany and Austris
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Isolationalism
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The US did not enter the war till 1941 while Poland, France, and Britain where being invaded. On Sept. 1 1939 Germany invaded Poland without declaration of war, this started wwii.
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Nuetrality
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From September 1939 to April 1940 there is no fighting between Germany and the Allies- nations prepared for war and this became known as the "phony war". April 1940 Germany invade Norway and Denmark.
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Maginot Line
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It proved ineffective as the Germans literally went around it, at taking Belgium first entering France from unguarded boarders.
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What is a blitzkrieg, and what supplies and equipment did it require?
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-It's a German word mean "lightning war" -It used panzer divisions-strike forces of tanks with accompanying forces and supplies.
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Identify key key events and their effects in WWII.
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Hitler invaded the Soviet Union but the advance was stopped. The Battle of Stalingrad is important since Germany fought for it from the Soviet union for the resources it had, it was one of the most deadliest battles. Japan bombed Pearl Harbor bring the US into the war. The US defeated the Japanese navy through Island Hoping (a military strategy employed by the Allies in the Pacific War against Japan and the Axis powers during World War II)
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What were Germany's gains and losses during the early years of war?
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Gained- Poland, Denmark, Norway, The Netherlands, Belgium and France Lost- Britain and the Soviet Union
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What brought the United States into the war?
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The Japanese bombing Pearl Harbor, which unified American opinion about becoming involved in the war
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How did United States involvement change the war?
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US entry created a new coalition known as the grand alliance. Allies agreed to fight Axis powers (Germany, Italy, and Japan) must surrender unconditionally.
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Mobilization
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The process of assembling troops and supplies and making them ready for war. This was total war (increased economic needs, war bonds, and women in the work force). Al which were needed to make raw materials to fuel the war.
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Kamikaze
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A suicide mission in which young Japanese pilots intentionally flew their airplanes into US fighting ships at sea
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Blitz
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Lightning war, a British term for German air raids on British cities and towns during WWII
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How did the Soviet Union, United States, Germany, and Japan mobilize for war?
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The Soviets experienced shortages of food and housing. Industrialization produced artillery and weapons; moved factories further into the USSR. In Japan workers were brought from China and to fill the gaps that might have been filled by women (Japanese women stayed home). Soviet and American women played a major role in the role effort.
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Why did Hitler think the altitude of civilians was so important to make WWII a success for Germany?
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He believed it accounted for Germany's defeat in WWI. Total war demands great sacrifice and effort from civilians. If they are uncommitted or opposed to the war effort the country will not produce enough war goods and soldiers will suffer.
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How did the aerial bombings of cities impact Britain, Germany, and Japan?
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The bombing of cities resulted in civilian casualties, property loss, and terror but until the use of the atomic bomb, the bombing of cities failed the result in a peace agreement.
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Anti-semitism
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Hostility to or prejudice against Jews. The Holocaust, the state sponsored persecution and murder of European Jews by Nazi Germany, and its collaborators between 1933 and 1945 is history's most extreme antisemitism (just for Jews)
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Genocide
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The deliberate mass murder or physical extinction of a particular racial political or cultural group. Hitler targeted Jews for Germany's defeat in WWI and the Great Depression. Himmler and the SS carried out final solution to eradicate "the Jews problem" and commit genocide. Between 4-5 million out of a billion Jews in Europe were killed.
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Occupation
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The military force occupying a country or the policies carried it out
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Explain how some collaborators helped make genocide possible.
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Collaborators were people that assisted their Nazi conquerors. Some helped Nazi hunt down or expose hidden Jews, there by contributing to genocide.
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Contrast the differences between the New Order and Germany with the New Order of Japan.
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Germany: Hitler planned a master race, move Slavs to make more room for Germans and exterminate the Jews. Japan: Planned to find economic benefits for Japan and its occupied areas by exploiting land, raw materials, and conquer the people
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How did Adolf Hitler;s views on race influence the New Order in Germany?
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Hitler's view was that there was a master race, to which the Jews and other groups such as the gypsies people did not belong. Caused mass genocide.
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Partisan
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A resistance fighter in WWII.
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Cold War
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The period of political tension following WWII and ending with the fall of communism in the soviet union. (Not a real war) but a time period of potential nuclear fall out that divided the world into those that supported the west-US and those that supported communism-Soviet Union.
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How did the European and Asian battles turn out for the Axis Powers (Germany, Italy and Japan)?
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Allies forces captured Tunisia (Northern Africa and invaded Italy from the South). Soviet Union turned the tide in east after the devastating Battle of Stalingrad in 1942 and beat the Germans at the Battle of Kusk in 1943. Allies forces pursued "Island-Hoping" campaign in southeast Asia to beat Japan. - Normandy invasion of to regain France June 6, 1944 - Liberate Paris in August 1944 - Soviets occupy Warsaw, Poland - Allies and Soviets occupy Germany April 1945 - Mussolini killed, Hitler commits suicide and Germany surrenders May 7, 1945 - August 6, 1945 bombing of Hiroshima 190,00 died - August 9, 1945 unconditional surrender - 60 million people died in WWII
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Why do you think the Allies might have thought the United Nations was necessary?
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Couldn't rein in dictators so they added a lot of countries. They had to rebuild the world, it was meant to protect the peace. They only used sanctions, not to kill people.
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Why did the Asian Theater battles end so quickly unlike the European battles that dragged on for years?
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A-bomb was deployed in 1945, which quickly ended the war. The European battles causes heavy casualties with aerial battles and many obstacles to overcome. there were two fronts in western European and in the USSR. A-bomb was not ready during the European Theater Battles.
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What was the major disagreement between the United States and the Soviet Union at the conclusion of WWII?
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Ideological conflict- Democracy/capitalist and communism/socialism. Free elections- allow people to choose their electors self-determination. Nuclear Arms race as to who was the greatest super power.