Sociology: Chapter 16

The sacred realm is: A: special, reserved, set apart from everyday use, unknowable, and mystical. B: make believe. C: special and reserved, but incorporated into everyday life. D: mundane.

Objects and behaviors that are profane are: A: part of everyday life. B: objectionable. C: able to inspire awe in people. D: unnatural.

Christianity is considered a(n) ____________ religion. A: animistic B: ethicalistic C: pluralistic D: theistic

Buddhists adhere to certain principles to lead moral lives. This is called: A: animism. B: theism. C: ethicalism. D: pluralism.

Which question is a sociologist of religion most likely to ask? A: Which religion offers the most access to universal truths? B: How are religious beliefs patterned by social forces? C: What is Divine in humanity? D: Does God exist?

Karl Marx referred to religion as the "opium of the masses." By this, he meant which of the following statements? A: Some people can become hooked on religion like others become addicted to drugs such as opium. B: Some people sell religion to others like a commodity or a drug. C: Religion entices people with promises of the afterlife; as a result, they are willing to sacrifice their present lives to bring about social change. D: Religion pacifies people with promises of rewards in the afterlife; therefore, they do not challenge the subjugating, exploitative, and alienating social conditions in this life.

According to Weber, which religion was a necessary condition for the development of capitalism? A: Jainism B: Protestant Christianity C: Hinduism D: Judaism

Durkheim felt that one of the major functions of religion was that it perpetuates: A: sexism. B: racism. C: solidarity. D: inequality.

The trend in industrial nations toward a separation between church and state, a belief in rationality and science, and the movement away from religiosity and spiritual belief is known as: A: rationality. B: modernity. C: blasphemy. D: secularism.

Secularization is: A: the process by which a religious group becomes seen as a fringe group that deviates from the main teachings and doctrines of a church. B: the transformation of a society away from religion and toward a separation of religious and social institutions such as politics, the economy, and the family. C: the confinement of religious interests to narrow and specific tenets rather than an acceptance of all parts of religious doctrine. D: none of the above.

Protestantism is split into many different ____________, or groups that share the same faith and are governed by the same administration. Examples are Baptists, Lutherans, and Methodists. A: denominations B: congregations C: sects D: churches