Cmis 130

The entire set of actions an organization must take to switch over to using a new program or set of programs is called ____.

In a flowchart, you use a ____ to represent a processing symbol.

The ____ of a language are the rules that govern word usage and punctuation.

An important feature of modern programming is the ability to build programs from smaller segments. This is known as ____.

The ____ dictate the order in which operations in the same statement are carried out.

__ programming focuses on objects, or "things," and describes their attributes and behaviors.

____ are named memory locations, whose contents can vary over time.

____ are the two major components of any computer system.

____ is an English-like representation of the logical steps it takes to solve a problem.

___ is the process of updating programs after the programs are put into production

A(n) ____ loop is a repeating flow of logic that never ends.

A variable's ____ describes the kind of values the variable can hold, how much memory the value occupies, and the types of operations that can be performed with the data stored there.

The language translation software that converts a programmer's statements to binary form is called a ____.

In many modern programming languages, the equal sign is the _______.

____ programming focuses on breaking down programming processes into manageable subtasks.

____ a program is when a programmer can execute the program with some sample data to see whether the results are logically correct.

Word-processing programs, spreadsheets, payroll and inventory programs, and even games are considered to be ____.

____ are instruction sets written by programmers.

To use a computer program, you must first load it into the computer's ____.

You must always ____ a variable before you can use it for the first time in a program.

____ is the process of walking through a program's logic on paper before you actually write the program.

The ____ dictate the order in which operations in the same statement are carried out.

A(n) ____ is the sequence of steps necessary to solve any problem.

A ____ variable can have mathematical operations performed on it.

In a flowchart, you use a ____ to represent a processing symbol.

You represent a decision in a flowchart by drawing a decision symbol, which is shaped like a ____.

A ____ variable can hold letters of the alphabet and other special characters such as punctuation marks.

A(n) ____ value is a predetermined value that means "Stop the program!"

A(n) ____ is a pictorial representation of logical steps it takes to solve a problem.

You can use an ____ statement to clearly show where the actions that depend on a decision end.

In a loop, if the answer to the question results in the loop being entered and the loop statements executing, then the logic ____.

The endif and endwhile statements are know as ____ statements.

Programs that do not follow the rules of structured logic are ____ programs.

Years ago, programmers could avoid using structure by inserting a ____ statement into their pseudocode.

The ____ used in the pseudocode reflects the logic you can see laid out graphically in the flowchart.

In a ____ structure, you continue to repeat actions while a condition is true.

The popular name for logically snarled program statements is ____ code.

One way to straighten out an unstructured flowchart segment is to use the "____" method.

The purpose of the ____ input step is to control the upcoming loop.

A ____ input is the statement that reads the first input value in a program.

A group of statements that executes as a single unit is a(n) ____.

Programs that use ____ code are so difficult to alter that when improvements are required, developers often find it easier to abandon the existing program and start from scratch.

A repetition or iteration loop is known as a(n) ____ structure.

Placing a structure within another structure is called ____.

Structured programs can be easily broken down into routines or ____ that can be assigned to any number of programmers.

The action or actions that occur within a loop are known as ____.

The following pseudocode is an example of a(n) ____ structure. get firstNumber get secondNumber add firstNumber and secondNumber print result

The following pseudocode is an example of a ____ structure. if on the beach use sunscreen

With a decision structure or ____ structure you ask a question, and, depending on the answer, you take one of two courses of action.

With a(n) ____ structure, you perform an action or task, and then you perform the next action in order.

A ____ can contain any number of tasks, but there is no chance to branch off and skip any of the tasks.

____ structures are attached end-to-end.

A ____ is a basic unit of programming logic; each structure is a sequence, selection, or loop.

The following pseudocode is an example of a ____ structure. if firstNumber is bigger than secondNumber then print firstNumber else print secondNumber

All logic problems can be solved using only the three structures—____.

In structured programs, structures can be stacked or connected to one another only at their entry point or ____.

if-else examples can also be called ____, because they contain the action taken when the tested condition is true and the action taken when it is false.

When you use a(n) ____ check, you compare a variable to a series of values that mark the limiting ends of ranges.

C#, C++, C, and Java use the symbol ____ to represent the logical OR.

In an OR decision, it is more efficient to first ask the question that is more likely to be ____.

A ____ of values is every value between low and high limits.

True/false evaluation is "natural" from a computer's standpoint because computer circuitry consists of two-state on-off switches, often represented by ____.

The ____ operator evaluates as true when the left operand is less than or equivalent to the right operand.

You use the logical ____ operator to reverse the meaning of a Boolean expression.

In any Boolean expression, the two values compared can be either variables or ____.

Which of the lettered choices is equivalent to the following decision? if a > 10 then if b > 10 then output "OK" endif endif

When several decisions are based on the value of the same variable, many programming languages offer a shortcut called the ____ structure.

The conditional AND operator in Java, C++, and C# consists of ____.

A(n) ________ or unreachable path is a logical path that can never be traveled.

In an AND decision, it is more efficient to first ask the question that is less likely to be ____.

A(n) ____ is a value on either side of an operator.

Which of the following pseudocode selects all people over 21?

Any decision can be made using combinations of just three types of comparisons: _____.

There are ____ relational comparison operators supported by all modern programming languages.

In C++, Java, and C#, the ____ is the symbol used for the NOT operator.

A series of nested if statements is also called a ____ if statement.

____ are diagrams used in mathematics and logic to help describe the truth of an entire expression based on the truth of its parts.

When you combine AND and OR operators, the AND operators take ____, meaning their Boolean values are evaluated first.

Each part of an expression that uses an AND operator is evaluated only as far as necessary to determine whether the entire expression is true or false, this feature is called ____ evaluation.

A ____ is created when you need to ask multiple questions before an outcome is determined.

A ____ is one that represents only one of two states, true or false.

Many programming languages allow you to use ____ to correct your logic when using ANDs and ORs and force the OR expression to be evaluated first.

Sometimes you want to take action when one or the other of two conditions is true, this type of compound condition is called a(n) ____ decision.

When one loop is nested within another, the containing loop is the ____ loop.

When one loop is nested within another, the loop that is contained is the ____ loop.

The ____ is the location on your computer screen at which you type entries to communicate with the computer's operating system using text.

Which of the following is NOT a mistake that programmers commonly make with loops?

A(n) ____ is a variable that you use to gather or accumulate values.

When you write a loop, you must control the number of repetitions it performs; if you do not, you run the risk of creating a(n) ____ loop.

A ____ is the structure that repeats actions while some condition continues.

Programmers use the term "____" to describe programs that are well designed and easy to understand and maintain.

As long as a Boolean expression remains true, a ____ loop's body executes.

Many programs are not run at the command prompt in a text environment, but are run using a ____, which allows users to interact with a program in a graphical environment.

Program logic gets more complicated when you must use loops within loops, creating ____ loops.

When you use a ____ within a computer program, you can write one set of instructions that operates on multiple, separate sets of data.

A loop for which the number of iterations is predetermined is called a(n) ____ loop, or counted loop.

To indicate end-of-file, use the ____ indicator.

Reports that include some output for every input record are ____ reports.

With a ____ loop, the loop body executes once before the loop-controlling condition is tested.

Every high-level computer programming language contains a ____ statement that you can use to code any loop, including both indefinite and definite loops.

Some loops are controlled by reducing, or ____.

Often, the value of a loop control variable is not altered by arithmetic, but instead is altered by ____.

A(n) ____ is any numeric variable you use to count the number of times an event has occurred.

Loops are frequently used to ____ data; that is, to make sure values fall within an acceptable or reasonable range.

Business reports that list no individual detail records, just totals, are called ____ reports.

A(n) ____ value is a number you use to increase a loop control variable on each pass through a loop.

The decision that controls every loop is always based on a ____ expression.

The ____ statement uses a loop control variable and provides you with three actions automatically in one compact statement: initialization, evaluation and incrementation.

When you search through a list from one end to the other, you are performing a ____ search.

When you use parallel arrays, a ____ relates the arrays.

In most modern programming languages, the highest subscript you should use with an 8-element array is ____ .

All array elements have the same ____ name.

An element in an array is 3 bytes long and there are 10 elements in the array. How big is the array?

Most programming languages use a statement similar to the following to declare a three-element array and assign values to it: ____

The relationship between an item's number and its price is a(n) ____ relationship.

The true benefit of an array lies in your ability to use a(n) ____ as a subscript to the array.

In ____ arrays, each element in one array is associated with the element in the same relative position in the other array.

When declaring an array, depending on the syntax rules of the programming language you use, you place the subscript within parentheses or ____ following the group name.

Each individual element in an array has a unique ____ indicating how far away it is from the first element.

When you use parallel arrays, two or more arrays contain ____ data.

Frequently, a flag holds a ____ value.

A ____ search starts looking in the middle of a sorted list, and then determines whether it should continue higher or lower.

When you have a six element array and use subscript 6, your subscript is said to be out of ____.

The ____ is a particularly convenient tool when working with arrays because you frequently need to process every element of an array from beginning to end.

A(n) ____, also called an index, is a number that indicates the position of a particular item within an array.

Any array's subscripts are always a ____ of integers.

When working with arrays, you can use ____ in two ways: to hold an array's size and as the array values.

Each separate array variable is one ____ of the array.

A ____ is a variable that you set to indicate whether some event has occurred.

Leaving a loop as soon as a match is found improves the program's ____.

Learning to use arrays correctly can make many programming tasks far more ____ and professional.

A(n) ____ is a contiguous series of variables in computer memory.