Introduction To Sociology- Chapters 16, 17, 18, 21- Test 2

a. Financial resources from the government and population b.*Geographic distribution of male and female students* c. Value placed on education d. Amount of time devoted to education

a. Learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors through participation in a society. b. The education one receives at a private school, parochial school, or private college. c. An education that is accompanied by a tutor at all times. d. *The learning of academic facts and concepts.*

a. Formal education b. Informal education c. *Universal access* d. Latent functions

a. *Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia* b. Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission c. Plessy v. Ferguson d. Brown v. the Board of Education

a. Political and social integration b. Courtship c. Working in groups d. *Transmission of culture*

a. Socialization b. Social control c. Social placement d. *Social networks*

a. Grade inflation b. *Cultural capital* c. Tracking d. The education gap

a. *A type of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission.* b. The course objectives teachers incorporate into their syllabi after the semester has started. c. The emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications. d. The unexpected subjects students take an interest in after being exposed to experts in the field.

a. Charter schools b. *Mandatory tutoring* c. Bussing d. Head Start

a. Symbolic interactionism b. *Conflict theory* c. Functionalism d. None of the above.

a. *Symbolic interactionism* b. Conflict theory c. Functionalism d. Feminist theory

a. A formalized system that places students on "tracks" (advanced, low achievers) that perpetuate inequalities. b. The process by which students are allowed to choose their own classes based on interest. c. *Classifying students based on academic merit or potential.* d. The use of education to improve one's social standing.

a. Max Weber b. Karl Marx c. Émile Durkheim d. *Pierre Bourdieu*

b. Allowed racial segregation in schools and private businesses

c. Declared that state laws that had established separate schools for black and white students were unequal and unconstitutional

a. Set precedent for universal access to education in the United States

a. A teaching method which equips students to regurgitate facts in order to do well on standardized tests. b. *A federal program that provides academically focused preschool to students of low socioeconomic status.* c. A state mandate that determines the eligibility of students who expect to attend college. d. A curriculum which requires states to test students in prescribed grades, with the results of those tests determining eligibility to receive federal funding.

a. GPA debt b. Systematic grading c. Academic bribing d. *Grade inflation*

a. *Tracking* b. Grade inflation c. Feminism d. Manifest function

a. Racism b. Socioeconomic status c. *All of the above* d. None of the above

a. The authority to imprison citizens without cause. b. The legal resources to prosecute and punish. c. Politically elected influence used to control the masses. d. *The ability to exercise one's will over others*

a. Feminist b. *Conflict theory* c. Functionalism d. Symbolic interactionism

a. Power legitimized on the basis of long-standing customs

c. Power legitimized on the basis of a leader's exceptional personal qualities

b. Power that is legitimized by rules, regulations, and laws

a. Feminist b. Conflict theory c. *Functionalism* d. Symbolic interactionism

a. *Members of an oligarchy do not necessarily achieve their status based on ties to noble ancestry, while members of a monarchy do.* b. There is no difference - both members achieve status based on ties to noble ancestry. c. Both are elected by a democratic process, but monarchies have the right to override the popular vote. d. Members of a monarchy do not necessarily achieve their status based on ties to noble ancestry, while members of an oligarchy do.

a. *G. William Domhoff* b. C. Wright Mills c. Karl Marx d. Émile Durkheim

a. Oligarchy b. Dictatorship c. Constitutional monarchy d. *Totalitarian dictatorship*

a. Feminist b. Exchange theory c. Functionalism d. *Symbolic interactionism*

a. Power that people accept because it comes from a source that is perceived as legitimate. b. A military technique which includes the spread of the conquering country's religion. c. A ruling class that is dependent upon the blood line from the father's side of the family. d. *A type of authority wherein military and administrative factions enforce the power of the master.*

a. It gave African Americans the right to vote. b. *It reaffirmed the concept that each person's vote should be counted equally.* c. It gave women the right to vote. d. It established the precedent that felons are not allowed to vote.

a. Oligarchy b. Dictatorship c. *Constitutional monarchy* d. Monarchy

a. *Steadily increased* b. Remained unchanged c. Steadily decreased d. Slowly decreased

a. Planning and directing society b. Meeting social needs c. Managing international relations d. *Lobbying for domestic corporate interests*

a. Democracy b. Constitutional monarchy c. *Anarchy* d. Oligarchies

a. A form of government in which a small percentage of the population is represented by popular election, and the rest of the population is represented by those whose office is dependent upon noble birth. b. A government of a nation that recognizes monarchs but requires these figures to abide by the laws of a greater constitution. c. A form of government in which power is held by a small, elite group. d. *A government wherein citizens elect officials to represent their interests.*

a. *Charismatic* b. Rational-legal c. Traditional d. None of the above.

a. Voting sites frequently discourage participation from those of lower socioeconomic backgrounds. b. Members of lower socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to overestimate the voting practices of their peers. c. *Lower-paying jobs frequently have less flexible hours, making time to vote difficult.* d. Many citizens from lower socioeconomic backgrounds cannot afford to vote.

a. G. William Domhoff b. C. Wright Mills c. *Karl Marx* d. Émile Durkheim

a. *A physical object we find, grow, or make to meet our needs and those of others.* b. An activity that benefits people, such as health care, education, and entertainment. c. An economic system which adheres to the principles of socialism. d. A benefit given to those who participate in the capitalist market.

a. A large fire burns down an automotive plant in Detroit, forcing the employees temporarily out of work. b. Three sales associates from Target are fired after stealing merchandise from the electronics department. c. John quits his job after getting accepted into law school. d. *Though many companies are hiring in Washington D.C., unemployment is high in Tennessee.*

a. The Industrial Revolution b. The Post-Industrial Revolution c. *The Agricultural Revolution* d. The Information Age

a. Capitalism b. Mercantilism c. Capitalistic Farming d. *Subsistence Farming*

a. *The job market is increasing in the lowest economic levels, and is increasing in the highest economic levels.* b. A professional career is guaranteed after earning a college degree. c. Unemployment is down for those with PhDs and those without a high school education. d. The recession has encouraged many workers to earn their associate degrees.

a. *Occupy Wall Street is positive; our capitalist economy is only making social inequality grow larger.* b. Occupy Wall Street is a waste of time; our capitalistic economy is keeping our nation healthy, and is designed for maximum efficiency. c. Occupy Wall Street is a threat; with so many angry people gathered in one place, horrible violence will surely break out. d. Occupy Wall Street is dangerous; large crowds in these environments heighten the risk for sexual abuse and gender discrimination.

a. *An illogical fear and even hatred of foreigners and foreign goods.* b. A marketing campaign aimed at foreign countries selling American goods. c. A pronounced fear of globalization destroying one's job. d. A hatred of corporate America and the lobbying push.

a. Supply and demand b. Mercantilism c. Capitalism d. *Bartering*

a. Capital rebuttal b. *Recession* c. Depression d. Economic sling-shot recovery

a. The process of removing manufacturing and industrial sites from foreign countries and returning them to the United States. b. When products are assembled over the course of several international transactions. c. Long periods of recession followed by sharp economic upturn worldwide. d. *The process of integrating governments, cultures, and financial markets through international trade into a single world market.*

a. It encouraged trade with North Korea, which had previously been embargoed. b. *It allowed freer trade opportunities for the United States, Canada, and Mexico.* c. It forbade trade with any country that didn't use a capitalist government. d. It restricted trade within North American countries by imposing a heavy tax and tariffs.

a. Decisive export b. *Global assembly line* c. Global commodity chain d. Xenophobia

a. *Outsourcing* b. Polarization c. Automation d. The technology gap

a. An economic system in which there is private ownership (as opposed to state ownership) and where there is an impetus to produce profit, and thereby wealth. b. *When children tend to enter the same or similar occupation as their parents.* c. An economic policy based on national policies of accumulating silver and gold by controlling markets with colonies and other countries through taxes and customs charges. d. An economic system in which there is government ownership (often referred to as "state run") of goods and their production, with an impetus to share work and wealth equally among the members of a society.

a. After college graduation, Marcus could only find work part-time as a bartender. b. *After his wife gave birth to twins, Jerry quit his job to help raise them.* c. Following the recession, Ellen lost her fulltime job as a PR assistant and found part-time work as a cosmetic sales associate. d. When John's sales job is outsourced he's forced to take work as a janitor to pay off his student loans.

a. Market Communist b. *Market Socialist* c. Capitalist d. Democratic

a. Those surveyed frequently lie about their employment status. b. *The statistics include only those who are currently looking for work.* c. The government only surveys those who have been out of work for a year or more. d. Different states define unemployment in different ways

a. Financial b. Healthcare c. Community and Social Service d. *Farming, Fishing, and Forestry*

a. Declining b. *Global* c. Recession-Proof d. Corrupt

a. *Germany rebuilt its economy after World War II, creating more job opportunities and prosperity for its citizens. * b. Following the decline of the automotive industry, Detroit became a bankrupt city with large unemployment. c. The suburbs of Paris became crime-infested after wealthier citizens moved into the city, pushing the lower classes out of their homes. d. Washington DC has become a city to which many young people flock because of its low unemployment rate and job opportunities.

a. Public b. *Mass* c. Norm d. Casual crowd

a. Diagnostic b. *Motivational* c. Referential d. Prognostic

a. Collective behavior theory b. *Resource mobilization theory* c. New social movement theory d. Frame alignment process

a. Immersed socialization b. Assembling c. *Emergent norm* d. Abrams

a. Revolutionary b. Alternative c. *Resistance* d. Reform

a. Ecofeminism b. Frame diagnostics c. Motivational framing d. *Frame alignment process*

c. people who come together for a regularly scheduled event

b. crowds of people who are focused on a specific action or goal

a. people who share close proximity without really interacting

d. crowds who share opportunities to express emotions

a. A crowd watching a performance of Hairspray b. *A group of friends traveling to New York City for the weekend* c. A crowd singing the National Anthem before an Orioles game d. A boat of people screaming after Jaws is spotted beside their boat

a. *Collective behavior* b. Effective interpretation c. Social revolt d. Singular protest

a. Crowd intonation b. Immersed socialization c. Assembling d. *Value-added*

a. A group of people gathered to protest or rally in favor of a bill or law. b. An act of a bill passing in the House and the Senate. c. An act of military rebellion. d. *The change in society created through social movements as well as external factors like environmental shifts or technological innovations.*

a. Feminist b. *Interactionist* c. Conflict theorist d. Functionalist

a. Revolutionary b. *Reform* c. Religious/Redemptive d. Alternative

a. Technological response stage b. *Coalescence stage* c. Social media stage d. Institutionalization stage

a. *Disease* b. Social institutions c. The environment d. Technology

a. Emergent norm b. Immersed socialization c. *Assembling* d. Value-added

a. All politicians and elected officials. b. A collection of rights and laws aimed at the silent majority. c. *A purposeful organized group hoping to work toward a common social goal.* d. A group of people organized at a meeting, such as a town hall or a courtroom.