HumanitiesHIST 2020 Chapter 22
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HIST 2020 Chapter 22

Uziah Mitchell avatar Uziah Mitchell
29 August 2022
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Before he became president in 1912, Woodrow Wilson was
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president of Princeton University and governor of New Jersey.
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President Wilson chose William Jennings Bryan to serve as his secretary of state in 1912 because
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Bryan was an avowed pacifist
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Which precedent guided President Wilson's policies toward Latin America?
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The Monroe Doctrine
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President Wilson's most controversial action in Latin America during his first term as president was his
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intervention in Mexico's affairs after the Mexican revolution.
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What motivated the rebellion of Mexican farmers led by Pancho Villa in 1916-1917?
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The rebels believed the new American-backed government had betrayed the revolution's promise to help the common people
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The outbreak of World War I in 1914 was triggered by
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the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria by a Bosnian Serb terrorist
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President Wilson responded to the initial outbreak of war in Europe in 1914
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with a proclamation of America's absolute neutrality.
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What view formed the basis for President Wilson's foreign policy?
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America's moral duty to support national self-determination, peaceful free trade, and political democracy
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Which divisions did European countries establish before the outbreak of World War I?
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The Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance
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In exchange for its neutrality in World War I, the United States insisted on having
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free trade with all nations at war and a guarantee of safety on the open seas.
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What was the impact of Great Britain's blockade of Germany in 1914?
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NOT: Trade between the United States and Germany was not affected. immediately cut off trade, president Wilson immediately
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Germany reacted to the 1914 blockade
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with a submarine blockade of Great Britain.
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How did President Wilson respond to the Germans' sinking of the Lusitania?
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Wilson threatened a break in diplomatic relations with Germany.
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Which of the following describes Woodrow Wilson's experience in the presidential election of 1916?
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Wilson won the election but only by a very small margin
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Why did Germany decide to resume unrestricted submarine warfare in January 1917?
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Germany felt it could win the war before the United States could bring its army to Europe.
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Which of the following describes the Zimmermann telegram that made headlines in 1917?
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It promised Mexico its lost provinces in the United States if it would declare war on its northern neighbor
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The immediate cause of President Wilson's decision to ask Congress for a declaration of war against Germany in 1917 was
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German submarine attacks on American vessels in the sea lanes to Great Britain.
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Once Congress declared war against Germany in April 1917, President Wilson stated the Americans' goal in the war was to
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vindicate the principles of peace and justice.
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How close were the votes in the House and Senate for and against a declaration of war against Germany in April 1917?
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The House and Senate both voted to declare war with large majorities.
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The Selective Service Act of 1917 authorized the armed forces to conscript
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all young men
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The Military Draft Act of 1917 prohibited
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prostitution and alcohol near training camps.
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Woodrow Wilson selected General John Pershing to command the American Expeditionary Force in Europe because
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Pershing was known for the kind of level-headed efficiency many progressives believed was needed in modern warfare.
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Which event finally led to the creation of a separate American command in Europe in March 1918?
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The Brest-Litovsk treaty
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Which event led the German republic to seek an armistice in 1918?
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The Meuse-Argonne offensive
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Which nation suffered the most casualties in World War I?
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Germany
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To ensure the loyalty of an immigrant nation to the cause of war, President Wilson
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launched a government-sponsored propaganda campaign to foster patriotism among ethnic groups
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How did President Wilson demonstrate his progressive credentials when the United States entered the war in 1917?
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He created new federal agencies to deal with the specific needs of the troops and the home front.
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What reform or reforms did the National War Labor Policies Board enact successfully during World War I?
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The eight-hour day, a living minimum wage, and collective bargaining rights for workers in industry
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What was the impact of the labor shortage that resulted from the mobilization of U.S. troops in 1917?
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Expanded employment opportunities for women
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The war provided a huge boost for the temperance movement and led to what outcome by late 1917?
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Congressional passage of the Eighteenth Amendment
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What event finally spurred the granting of suffrage to all American women in 1920?
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Congress passed the Nineteenth Amendment, which was subsequently ratified by two-thirds of the states.
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President Wilson created the Committee on Public Information to
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stir up patriotism with posters, pamphlets, cartoons, and press releases
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What resulted from the patriotic fervor that grew in the United States during World War I?
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The German language disappeared from public school curricula.
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The U.S. government passed the Espionage Act, the Trading with the Enemy Act, and the Sedition Act during World War I to
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punish anything it considered disloyal, profane, scurrilous, or abusive.
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What was the impact of World War I on partisan politics in the 1918 elections in the United States?
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Wilson's rivals used the war to achieve a Republican majority in the House and Senate.
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In his Fourteen Points, President Wilson called for
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free trade and the right of Europeans to self-determination.
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What did the Allies hope to gain in negotiating the 1919 peace treaty in Paris?
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Disarmament and punishment for Germany
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Why were the Germans outraged by the terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
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They had agreed to an armistice based on Wilson's Fourteen Points.
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How were Wilson's Fourteen Points honored in the Versailles treaty?
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The Versailles treaty included the establishment of the League of Nations
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Which group of American senators opposed the Treaty of Versailles?
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Republican isolationists
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Senator Henry Cabot Lodge strongly opposed the Treaty of Versailles because he
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feared the League of Nations would interfere with American autonomy in foreign policy matters.
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The United States failed to ratify the Treaty of Versailles and join the League of Nations because
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President Wilson would not compromise on the terms of the treaty.
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What was the outcome of the return to free enterprise in the United States after World War I?
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A rise in unemployment and new conflicts between business and labor
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What development resulted from the U.S. labor situation in 1919?
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Four million workers organized more than 3,600 strikes
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Which of the following events describes the American Red scare of 1919 and 1920?
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A reaction to U.S. labor unrest, Russian bolshevism, and a flurry of terrorist attacks
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How did the U.S. Supreme Court rule in the case of Schenck v. United States (1919)?
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It ruled that Charles Schenck's actions posed a clear and present danger to the nation in the time of war
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How did African Americans seek to escape the South's cotton fields and kitchens between 1915 and 1920?
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They left the South for northern industrial cities such as Detroit and Cleveland.
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One result of the racial and demographic shifts that took place during World War I was
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ninety-six lynchings and race riots in two dozen northern cities
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What did Mexican migrants to the American Southwest, immigrants from Europe, and black migrants from the South all share in common?
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They all dreamed of a better life but found a mix of opportunity and disappointment
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When Warren G. Harding appealed to a return to normalcy, he was calling for
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a regular steady order of things, without excess