Health Final Exam Review

a deliberate decision to avoid high-risk behaviors, including sexual activity and the use of tobacco, alcohol, and other drugs

quick to recover, bounce back

postpone doing what one should be doing

an ongoing condition or illness

related risks that increase in effect with each added risk

the ability to accept yourself and others, adapt to and manage emotions, and deal with the demands and challenges you meet in life

The way the parts and systems of your body work together

Being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way.

How you feel about yourself

theory developed by Abraham Maslow to explain human behavior; includes five stages of needs: self-actualization, esteem, love, safety, and physiological needs; requires that the lower needs to be met before one can move onto higher needs

signals that tell your mind and body how to react

mental processes that protect individuals from strong or stressful emotions and situations

an understanding of another's feelings

what you say or think to yourself about yourself

messages from others that indicate how they feel about you

any stimulus that produces a stress response

negative stress

Positive stress

a hormone that prepares the body to react during times of stress or in an emergency

feeling of being very tired or exhausted; third stage of the stress response

first stage of the stress response; mind and body go on high alert

second stage of the stress response; body attempts to return to normal

any stimulus that produces a stress response

a personality type that seems able to stay healthy despite major or even traumatic stressors

a person oriented toward extreme achievement, impatience, and perfectionism

Personality characterized by relatively relaxed, patient, easygoing, amicable behavior.

an anxiety disorder marked by a persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of a specific object or situation

those goals, tasks, or activities that you judge as more important to do than others

a persons ability to withstand stress without becoming seriously impaired

caused by physical injuries and illnesses that affect the brain

result of physiological causes such as stress, emotional conflict, fear, etc

disorder characterized by hallucinations and delusions

a constant thought

repetitive behavior or mental act performed to reduce or prevent stress

A prolonged feeling of helplessness, hopelessness, and sadness

a mood disorder caused by the body's reaction to low levels of sunlight in the winter months

an anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, jumpy anxiety, and/or insomnia that lingers for four weeks or more after a traumatic experience

a preoccupation with the body and fear of presumed diseases that are not present

mood disorder

mood disorder originally know as manic-depressive disorder because it is characterized by behavior that vacillates between two extremes; mania and depression.

breath/blood alcohol content

depressant; most commonly abused drug in the US

the most commonly used illicit drug in the US

by accepting a driver's license, a person agrees to be tested for BAC if stopped for suspicion of alcohol or drug use while driving

a developmental disorder that stems from heavy alcohol use by the mother during pregnancy

no driver or passenger can have an open container in the vehicle

a person who fails to make choices

a habit in which a person allows others to make his or her decisions

a habit in which a person describes the situation that requires a decision, identifies and evaluates possible decisions, makes a decision and takes responsibility for the outcome

substances whose fumes are sniffed and inhaled to acheive a mind altering effect

a drug that increases the action of the central nervous system, the heart, and other organs

a drug that slows the central nervous system

a drug that distorts perceptions, causing the user to see or hear things that are not real

also known as ecstasy or x; designer drug that can have both stimulant and hallucinatory effects

rapid acting central nervous system depressant used by veterinarians as an animal anesthetic; very powerful, medium size dose could knock out a horse in seconds

A chemical in the brain that affects mood

A sleeping pill not licensed in the United States, known as "roofies", frequently used with alcohol in the United States, produces disinhibition and amnesia. It is also known as the "date rape drug."

This drug is often used in sexual assaults. It is clear and tasteless, and can be put in someone's drink without them knowing it. It causes relaxation, dizziness, and difficulty breathing.

Strong drugs similar to the male hormone testosterone that can make muscles bulky to enhance athletic performance but can be extremely dangerous to your health

dark brown resin collected from tops of canabis plant; strong than marijuana because has higher level of THC

the major active ingredient in marijuana; triggers a variety of effects, including mild hallucinations.

A physiological or psychological dependence on a drug

the body develops a chemical need for the drug

the mental/emotional need for a drug

physical symptoms that can include nausea, pain, tremors, crankiness, and high blood pressure, resulting from a lack of an addictive drug in the body systems

reduction in the effect of a drug as a result of repeated use, requiring users to consume greater quantities to achieve the same effect

drug made from leaves of the coca plant ; stimulant

a purified and potent form of cocaine that is smoked rather than snorted

stimulant drug in tobacco that increases heart rate and blood pressure

a drug (such as alcohol or marijuana) that is thought to lead to the use of more dangerous drugs (such as cocaine or heroin)

narcotic drug derived from opium that is extrememly addictive

a class of nutrients that builds body tissues and supplies energy. protein is made of amino acids.

main source of energy for the body

lipid; made up of fatty acids and glycerol; protects body organs, insulates body, and stores energy in the body

Essential nutrients that do not yield energy, but that are required for growth and proper functioning of the body.

elements of the earth needed in the diet, which perform many functions in body tissues

indigestible polysaccharides that make up the tough, fibrous cell walls of plants and is used by the body to help move food through the digestive system

One kind of fat, mostly from animal products such as meat. Too much saturated fat in the diet is believed to raise cholesterol levels.

One kind of fat, mostly from plant products. Including unsaturated fats in your diet can reduce cholesterol levels.

The type of fat produced when manufacturers add hydrogen to the fat molecules in vegetable oils. Linked to heart disease

a protein that contains all the essential amino acids

A protein that is usually deficient in one or more of the essential amino acids. Most plant proteins are incomplete

Starch or fiber. Your body digests SLOWLY. It provides LONG LASTING energy. (slow and long lasting)

sugars that enter the bloodstream rapidly and provide quick energy

vitamins B and C

vitamins A, D, E, K

a unit of the energy supplied by food

eating disorder brought about by an extreme pursuit of thinness characterized by self-starvation and excessive weight loss

eating disorder characterized by bingeing and purging

significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt, but without the compensatory purging, fasting, or excessive exercise that marks bulimia

the rate at which energy is used by the body

Foods that are high in calories but low in vitamins and minerals.

condition caused by a diet lacking one or more essential nutrients

A decrease in the amount of water in body tissues

lung condition that involves the permanent destruction of very fine airways and alveoli, thus decreasing respiratory function

the smoke exhaled from the lungs of a smoker

the smoke from the burning end of a cigarette, pipe, or cigar

stimulant drug in tobacco that increases heart rate and blood pressure

colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas

Thickened, white, leathery-looking spots on the inside of the mouth that can develop into oral cancer

the ability to move a body part through a full range of motion

The amount of force a muscle can exert

the ability of muscles to keep working for an extended time

the ability of the heart, lungs, and blood vessels to utilize and send fuel and oxygen to the body's tissues during long periods of moderate-to-vigorous activity

the ratio of body fat to lean body tissue, such as bone, muscle, and fluid

the approximate heart rate a person needs to maintain during aerobic exercise in order to benefit from the workout

the number of times your heart beats in one minute when you are not active

particular exercises and activities improve particular areas of health-related fitness

exercising at a level that's beyond your regular daily activities

the gradual increase in overload necessary to achieve higher levels of fitness

male sex hormone

female sex hormone

A doctor who specializes in pregnancy, labor, and delivery

The male gonads, which produce sperm and secrete male sex hormones.

Also known as eggs, the gametes produced by females

male sex cell

female sex chromosomes

male sex chromosomes

process in which an egg is released from the ovary

either of a pair of tubes conducting the egg from the ovary to the uterus

organ of the female reproductive system in which a fertilized egg can develop

This viral STD is the most common in the world; causes warts and sometimes cervical cancer.

the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)

A viral infection causing small painful blisters and inflammation in the genital area.

the developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth

stage in prenatal development from 2 to 8 weeks

Length of a normal pregnancy.

tube that carries sperm from testes

structure in the male reproductive system in which sperm fully mature and are stored

removal of a segment of the vas deferens to produce sterility in the male

cesarean section; surgical procedure in which abdomen & uterus are incised, baby delivered transabdomenally

a surgical sterilization procedure in which the fallopian tubes are sealed or cut to prevent sperm from reaching a mature ovum

the lowest part of the uterus that connects to the vagina

the state of being unable to produce offspring

the state of being unable to produce offspring

showing no symptoms of disease

Loss of fetus after 20 weeks of pregnancy

the unexpected death of a developing baby before twenty weeks of pregnancy

the structure that connects the fetus to the placenta.

organ in placental mammals through which nutrients, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and wastes are exchanged between embryo and mother

a fluid-filled sac that cushions and protects a developing embryo and fetus in the uterus

needle puncture of the amniotic sac to withdraw amniotic fluid for analysis

twins who develop from separate eggs. They are genetically no closer than brothers and sisters, but they share a fetal environment

twins who develop from a single fertilized egg that splits in two, creating two genetically identical organisms

appearance of the top of the baby's head during labor

series of rhythmic contractions of the uterus that expel the baby from the uterus, resulting in birth

The placenta, membranes of the amniotic sac, part of the umbilical cord, and some tissues from the lining of the uterus that are delivered after the birth of the baby.

an STD that attacks many parts of the body and is caused by a small bacterium called a spirochete; can only be treated with antibiotics in the early stages

A sexually transmitted bacterial disease caused by a gonococcus bacterium that causes inflammation of the genital mucous membrane, burning pain when urinating, and a discharge.

Bleeding from an artery, which is characterized by bright red blood and as rapid, profuse, and difficult to control.

Bleeding from a vein, which is characterized by dark red or maroon blood and as a steady flow, easier to control.

Bleeding from the capillaries, which is characterized by a slow oozing flow of blood.

the shedding of the uterine lining

partial or complete removal of a limb

an injury in which superficial layers of skin are scraped or rubbed away

a sharp, smooth cut

An injury in which soft tissue is torn completely loose or is hanging as a flap.

jagged wound

The joining of a sperm cell and an egg cell

shock caused by a sudden, temporary reduction in blood supply to the brain that causes fainting

a severe allergic reaction that is a medical emergency

shock caused by severe blood or fluid loss

largely inactive, accustomed to sitting

a substance that causes cancer

automated device that delivers a shock to a heart that has stopped beating