Unit Test With Properties Of Water

Which process would correctly calculate the frequency of a wave? dividing speed by wavelength dividing frequency by wavelength multiplying frequency by period dividing wavelength by period

Sound waves travel fastest through________.

What is common between transverse waves and longitudinal waves? Both include an amplitude, crest, and rarefactions Both move faster at higher temperatures Both move slower through densely packed molecules Both include a wavelength from compression to compression

Levi observed properties of four different waves and recorded observations about each one in his chart. Which statement is best supported by the table? Wave W and Y are light waves, Wave Z is a sound waves, and it is impossible to tell what kind of wave Wave X is. Wave W is a light wave, Waves X and Y are sound waves, and it is impossible to tell what kind of wave Wave Z is. Waves W and Z are sound waves, and Waves X and Y are light waves. Wave W is a sound wave, Waves X and Y are light waves, and it is impossible to tell what kind of wave Wave Z is.

Allison drew a diagram to illustrate radiation. Which labels should replace the X and Y? X: Matter , Y: Empty space X: Large mass, Y: Small mass X: Hot, Y: Cold X: Earth , Y: Sun

Which diagram best illustrates what happens when electromagnetic waves strike a reflective material?

Which is the correct order of materials in terms of reflectivity, from least to greatest? brown soil, beige sand, white paper, black asphalt white paper, beige sand, brown soil, black asphalt black asphalt, brown soil, beige sand, white paper beige sand, white paper, black asphalt, brown soil

Which is an example of radiation?

Which type of energy is transferred by convection currents? chemical thermal potential electrical

Which occurs when a warm fluid cools down? Energy is released to the environment. Energy is absorbed from the environment. The density of the fluid decreases. The mass of the fluid decreases.

At the coast on a summer day, the land is hotter than the ocean. Warm air over the land rises and is replaced by cooler air, causing a sea breeze. At night, the land cools quickly and the ocean is now warmer than the land. What will happen next? Winds will stop blowing as the convection current ceases to flow. The convection current will reverse direction, reversing the winds. Winds will increase as the two convection currents overlap. The convection current will move seaward, reversing the winds.

Four students are carrying out different laboratory procedures. Piroja is mixing baking soda and vinegar to see if it reacts. Jason is heating salt water over a burner until the water evaporates. Kali is putting crushed ice and ice cubes on a table to see which melts first. Francisco is separating iron filings from sand using a magnet. Which experiment relies on convection? Piroja's experiment Jason's experiment Kali's experiment Francisco's experiment

For conduction to occur, particles must be_______.

Which indicates that thermal energy is no longer being transferred from boiling water to a mug? The mug and the water lose all thermal energy. The water is hotter than the mug. The mug is hotter than the water. The water and the mug are the same temperature.

Jin listed some common thermal insulators and conductors in a chart. Which belongs in the area marked with an X? iron foam wood glass

Conduction stops when all substances have_______?

Which statement best describes heat and thermal energy? They are different words for the same thing. They represent different concepts. Heat is what happens when thermal energy stops moving between substances. Thermal energy is what happens when heat moves between substances.

Cindy pours cool milk into a hot bowl of oatmeal and then stirs it with a room-temperature spoon. Which substance will have heat flow from it to the other substances? the milk the spoon the oatmeal the surrounding air

Which of these actions would increase heat transfer between two objects? establishing their thermal equilibrium increasing the area of their contact using objects with similar specific heats reducing the time of their contact

Which best describes a difference between energy transformations in power plants and dams? Only power plants use fossil fuels to transform energy. Only dams use fission to generate thermal energy. Only power plants use water to turn turbines. Only dams use mechanical energy to produce electricity.

Hedea made a study chart about nuclear energy. Which best describes the error in Hedea's chart? The nuclei of atoms are split apart in both fission and fusion. The nuclei of atoms are joined together in both fission and fusion. Fission converts nuclear energy to electrical energy, not thermal energy. Fission and fusion convert nuclear energy to both radiant and thermal energy.

What is the overall energy transformation in a coal-fired power plant? electrical to chemical chemical to electrical nuclear to radiant radiant to nuclear

Two examples of energy transformations are shown. The energy transformations are similar because they both involve transformations that begin with chemical energy. begin with electrical energy. result in radiant energy. result in mechanical energy.

Which is an example of potential energy? a swimmer kicking their legs a car driving on the road an arrow flying at a target a yo-yo in someone's hand

A 40 kg dog is sitting on top of a hillside and has a potential energy of 1,568 J. What is the height of the hillside? (Formula: PE = mgh) 3.9 m 4.0 m 39.2 m 40.0 m

The total energy in a system is 675 J. The kinetic energy changes from 296 J to 432 J. Which statement best describes the potential energy of this system? It changes from 296 J to 432 J. It changes from 379 J to 243 J. It changes from 432 J to 296 J. It changes from 243 J to 379 J.

Kyle has a mass of 54 kg and is jogging at a velocity of 3 m/s. What is Kyle's kinetic energy? 18 J 81 J 162 J 243 J

Which best defines energy? a type of wave that carries energy through space, where there is almost no matter a disturbance that carries energy form one place to another through matter and space the ability to do work pressing to make more compact

Doug is doing work. Without knowing exactly what he is doing, which can be said about the work he is doing? Energy is transferred. Energy is increased. Energy is decreased. Energy is unchanged.

This table shows four examples of experiments. Which describes who will record their measurements in joules? Lily and Henry Astrid and Bob Lily, Astrid, Henry, and Bob Astrid, Henry, and Bob

Ryan is examining the energy of the particles in a bar of gold. What is Ryan most likely studying? thermal energy electric energy potential energy internal energy

Energy can be transformed from one form to another. The diagram shows one such process. Which energy transformation is represented in the diagram? nuclear to thermal and radiant nuclear to electrical and chemical chemical to nuclear and radiant chemical to electrical and nuclear

The diagram shows a swinging pendulum. Which best explains what happens to the motion of the pendulum? The mechanical energy transforms to thermal energy as the pendulum slows and eventually stops moving. The mechanical energy disappears as the pendulum slows and eventually stops moving. The pendulum will continue moving at the same speed until someone stops it because energy cannot be destroyed. The pendulum will slow down but will never stop moving because energy cannot be destroyed.

Taro stated that when someone hits a golf ball with a club, the amount of energy the ball has changes, the amount of energy that the club has changes, and the total energy of the system that includes the ball and the club increases. Which best explains Taro's error? The amount of energy that the ball has does not change. The amount of energy that the club has does not change. The total energy of the system remains the same. The total energy of the system decreases.

What happens in terms of energy when a moving car hits a parked car, causing the parked car to move? The moving car transfers kinetic energy to the parked car. Kinetic energy in the moving car disappears. Kinetic energy in the parked car is created. The parked car transfers kinetic energy to the moving car.

Which statement best compares potential and kinetic energy? Objects always have more potential energy than kinetic energy. Only kinetic energy increases when the velocity of an object increases. Only potential energy decreases when an object's height increases. Objects always have more kinetic energy than potential energy.

The potential energy of a 25 kg bicycle resting at the top of a 3 m high hill is_________?

The kinetic energy of a ball with a mass of 0.5 kg and a velocity of 10 m/s is________?

Four people make observations recorded in the table. Which best describes what all of the observations have in common? They involve nuclear energy. They involve radiant energy. The involve changes in waves. They involve changes in energy.

If Jerome is swinging on a rope and transferring energy from gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy_________ is being done.

Work can_______energy between objects and can cause a change in the form of energy.

Gabriel is performing an experiment in which he is measuring the energy and work being done by a ball rolling down a hill. Which statement best describes Gabriel's measurements? They will remain constant. They will both be recorded in joules. They will both be recorded in hertz. They will involve compressions.

What are two types of mechanical energy? electrical and kinetic nuclear and chemical radiant and thermal elastic and gravitational

Johanna is studying what happens to the energy as a ball rolls down a ramp. What is she studying? Check all that apply. gravitational potential energy electrical energy kinetic energy mechanical energy elastic potential energy Which wave is carrying the most energy?

Which wave is carrying the most energy?

Farah is doing an experiment that involves calculating the speed of a longitudinal wave. What will most likely happen if she increases the temperature in the room? The amplitude of the wave will increase. The amplitude of the wave will decrease. The speed of the wave will increase. The speed of the wave will decrease.

Which best compares radiation and conduction? Check all that apply. Both transfer thermal energy from warm objects to cooler objects. Both can transfer energy through empty space. Both transfer thermal energy by electromagnetic waves. Both can transfer energy through matter. Both involve the transfer of energy through direct contact.

Which best explains why a black T-shirt gets warmer in the Sun than a white T-shirt? Darker colors reflect more energy from colliding particles than lighter colors do. Darker colors absorb more energy from colliding particles than lighter colors do. Darker colors reflect more energy from electromagnetic waves than lighter colors do. Darker colors absorb more energy from electromagnetic waves than lighter colors do.

What happens to ocean water as it moves from Antarctica to the equator? It transfers thermal energy to deeper layers of the ocean. It becomes less dense and rises to the surface. It transfers thermal energy to the area, warming the equatorial waters. It becomes more dense and sinks to the ocean bottom.

In an area of the deep ocean, hot magma emerges from a crack in Earth's crust. Which statement describes what will happen to the seawater above the crack as a result of convection? Water molecules will break apart and flow in a circular pattern. Water molecules will bond together and rise upward. The water will become more dense and sink downward. The water will become less dense and rise upward.

Which best explains why Greg's hands get warm as he holds a bowl of hot soup? Heat energy is created from the thermal energy in Greg's hands. Heat energy is absorbed by the soup from Greg's hands. Thermal energy from the soup moves to Greg's hands. Thermal energy from the surrounding air moves to Greg's hands.

Which is most likely to get hot fastest when touching a warm surface? foam cup wooden spoon copper wire plastic button

The thermal energy in a hot iron flows into a shirt. What can possibly be said about this situation? The iron is warmer than the shirt. The iron has less energy than the shirt. The iron is 92°C and the shirt is 96°C. The iron has less heat than the shirt.

Which of these actions would decrease heat transfer between two objects? increasing the temperature of the warmer object increasing the area of their contact reducing the thermal energy of the cooler object reducing the time of their contact

A flashlight uses the chemical energy stored in a battery. This chemical energy is eventually converted into which two forms of energy? mechanical and nuclear radiant and thermal thermal and mechanical nuclear and electrical

Which is the best example of the law of conservation of energy? A basketball stops bouncing because its energy disappears. A rolling skateboard slows down because some of its kinetic energy changes to heat. A falling book hits the ground and all of its energy is destroyed. A toy car gains speed as it moves down a ramp because the ramp creates energy.

The potential energy of a 25 kg bicycle resting at the top of a 3 m high hill is_______?

What is the kinetic energy of a toy truck with a mass of 0.75 kg and a velocity of 4 m/s? 3 J 6 J 12 J 24 J

Energy is the ability to do________?

On a test, Helena is defining energy. Which must she include in order to get her answer marked correct? making objects more compact the ability to do work carrying through matter and space the bonds of atoms

A______is any disturbance that carries energy from one place to another through matter and space.

The more energy a wave carries, the ________its amplitude.

Henri draws a wave that has a 4 cm distance between the midpoint and the trough. Geri draws a wave that has an 8 cm vertical distance from the bottom of the trough to the top of the crest. Which statement best describes the energy in Henri and Geri's waves? Henri's wave has a higher amplitude and more energy. Henri's wave and Geri's wave have the same amplitude and the same energy. Henri's wave and Geri's wave have the same amplitude, but Geri's has more energy. Geri's wave has a higher amplitude and more energy.

Julia performs an experiment to measure the wavelength of four different waves and records her data in the table below. Which accurately ranks the waves from the lowest energy wave to the highest energy wave? 1 → 4 → 3 → 2 2 → 3 → 4 → 1 3 → 2 → 4 → 1 1 → 4 → 2 → 3

The________is the the distance between two crests or two troughs on a transverse wave. It is also the distance between compressions or the distance between rarefactions on a longitudinal wave.

The_______of a wave is the number of wavelengths that pass a fixed point in a second.

Which answer choice provides the best set of labels for Wave A and Wave B? Wave A: Longitudinal Wave, Wave B: Transverse Wave Wave A: High Frequency Wave , Wave B: Low Frequency Wave Wave A: Transverse Wave , Wave B: Longitudinal Wave Wave A: Low Frequency Wave , Wave B: High Frequency Wave

Which best describes the relationship between the terms "frequency," "wavelength," and "hertz"? Wavelength is the number of frequencies, which is measured in hertz. Frequency is the number of wavelengths, which is measured in hertz. Wavelength is measured from frequency to hertz. Frequency is measured from wavelength to hertz.

Marco is conducting an experiment. He knows the wave that he is working with has a wavelength of 32.4 cm. If he measures the frequency as 3 hertz, which statement about the wave is accurate? The wave has traveled 32.4 cm in 3 seconds. The wave has traveled 32.4 cm in 9 seconds. The wave has traveled 97.2 cm in 3 seconds. The wave has traveled 97.2 cm in 1 second.

Which equation should be used to calculate the speed of a wave? speed = frequency x wavelength speed = frequency x hertz speed = period x wavelength speed = period x hertz

This chart shows characteristics of three different waves, all with the same wavelength of 10 m but moving at different frequencies. Which statement is best supported by the information in the chart? Wave Y is moving the fastest. Wave X is moving the fastest. All of the waves are moving at the same speed. All of the waves have the same value of wavelengths per second.

What is the speed of a wave with a frequency of 2 Hz and a wavelength of 87 m? 0.023 m/s 43.5 m/s 89 m/s 174 m/s

What is the speed of a wave with a wavelength of 3 m and a frequency of .1 Hz? 0.03 m/s 0.3 m/s 3.1 m/s 30 m/s

A wave of infrared light has a speed of 6 m/s and a wavelength of 12 m. What is the frequency of this wave? 0.5 Hz 2.0 Hz 18 Hz 72 Hz

A wave is traveling at 36 m/s. If its wavelength is 12 m, how many times does a wavelength move across a set point every second? one time three times twelve times thirty-six times

Which equations could be used as is, or rearranged to calculate for frequency of a wave? Check all that apply. wavelength = frequency / speed speed = frequency x wavelength wavelength = speed / frequency frequency = speed / wavelength frequency = wavelength over speed speed = wavelength x frequency

Aansi wants energy on a sound wave to be carried more quickly through a metal medium. Which could she do? decrease the temperature increase the temperature use a gas medium instead use a liquid medium instead

Which are examples of a medium? water and air amplitude and wavelength crests and troughs compressions and rarefactions

What will most likely happen if a light wave moves through a solid? It will increase in wavelength. It will decrease in speed. It will increase in speed. It will decrease in wavelength.

What will most likely happen if a sound wave moves from the air through a solid? It will increase in wavelength. It will decrease in speed. It will increase in speed. It will decrease in wavelength.

Radiation transfers thermal energy through _______.

Which describes how radiation moves? Radiation moves from a cooler object to a warmer object Radiation moves from a warmer object to a cooler object Radiation moves from a warm object to an object of the same temperature Radiation moves from a cool object to an object of the same temperature

Andre listed some properties of electromagnetic waves. 1) transfer thermal energy by radiation 2) can transfer energy over great distances 3) need matter to transfer energy through 4) are disturbances that carry energy Which best describes Andre's error? Electromagnetic waves transfer thermal energy by conduction. Electromagnetic waves can only transfer energy over short distances. Electromagnetic waves can transfer energy through empty space. Electromagnetic waves are not considered disturbances.

Why is thermal energy from the Sun transferred to Earth through electromagnetic waves instead of any other type of thermal energy transfer? Electromagnetic waves can carry energy through matter. Electromagnetic waves can travel through empty space. Electromagnetic waves can move through gases faster than other types of energy transfer. Electromagnetic waves can move more energy than other types of energy transfer.

Which best illustrates the way in which radiation transfers thermal energy?

Evan drew a diagram to illustrate radiation. What do the arrows represent? gases mixing with particles liquid moving through a vacuum moving particles electromagnetic waves

A(n) ________ is a material that takes in a wave when it hits it.

A(n)_________is a material that causes a wave to bounce off of it.

Which diagram best illustrates what happens when electromagnetic waves strike a rough, dark material?

Which material most likely gets the warmest when placed in the Sun? white cement beige sand brown mulch yellow pebbles

Anya recorded the temperatures of four different smooth materials after they were placed under a heat lamp for thirty minutes. Which conclusion is best supported by the information in the chart? Material W is less absorbent than material Z. Material Y is the least reflective. Material X is more reflective than material W. Material Z is the least absorbent.

The owner of a window-treatment company wants to design shades that will cover the windows of a house. The shades should also warm the house by maximizing the absorption of solar energy coming through the windows. Which kind of material would best accomplish this task? black and textured black and smooth white and textured white and smooth

A diagram that shows thermal energy being released by objects is called a_________.

How does radiation help treat cancer? It cools down the cancer cells and weakens them. It cools down the non-cancerous cells and strengthens them. It heats up the cancer cells and weakens them. It heats up the non-cancerous cells and strengthens them.

Which best explains how radiation is helpful in the plastics industry? It makes plastics easier to shape. It adds a protective layer to plastic. It decreases the melting point of plastic. It improves the strength and durability of plastic.

A thermogram of a house shows high amounts of thermal energy around the windows but not around the roof. Which conclusion is best supported by the thermogram? The windows take in a lot of solar radiation. The roof takes in a lot of solar radiation. The windows are not energy efficient, but the roof is. The roof is not energy efficient, but the windows are.

Car manufacturers use radiation for which task? sealing windows drying paint cleaning tires lubricating engines

A farmer places unhatched chicken eggs under a heat lamp. How does the radiation help the eggs? It keeps the area around the eggs cool until the eggs hatch. It makes the eggs weaker so they are easier to break open. It makes the eggs stronger so they do not break. It keeps the eggs warm until they hatch.

Which is an example of radiation? Check all that apply. Troy's hand is burned when he touches hot wax. Earth is heated by energy from the Sun. A hot dog is held over a fire and gets warm. Soup is heated in a microwave. Water is boiled in a pot on a stove burner.

Which best explains how thermal energy is transferred when someone holds a hand above a fire? It is being transferred by radiation because the hand is not in the path of rising air. It is not transferred by radiation because the hand is not in the path of rising air. It is being transferred by radiation because the hand is in the path of rising air. It is not transferred by radiation because the hand is in the path of rising air.

Which best describes convection? It relies on the collision of particles within or between substances. It occurs in solids, liquids, or gases that are heated. It results when portions of a liquid cool and rise. It is driven by temperature differences within a fluid.

Water is boiling in a clear pot, as shown in the picture. Which takes place as water cycles from the bottom of the pot toward the top? Thermal energy is transferred. Water molecules gain kinetic energy. Chemical energy is transferred. Water molecules gain thermal energy.

A student places a large pot of cold water on a stove and heats it for one minute. Then she takes the pot of water off the burner and places it on the counter. Which best describes the convection currents? Convection currents move thermal energy from the stove to the pot, and then from the pot to the water. After the stove is turned off, convection currents continue to transfer energy through the water for a period of time. Convection currents in the water cause warmer, denser water to rise and transfer energy upward. When the stove is turned on, convection currents cause an increase in the chemical energy of water molecules.

The diagram shows how air circulation forms a sea breeze on a warm day. Which best describes what is happening in the diagram? At point 1, the air in the convection current is warmer and denser than at point 3 because its molecules contain more kinetic energy. At point 2, the air absorbs thermal energy from the surrounding air, which causes it to become heavier and sink. At point 3, the air in the convection current is cooler and lighter than the air in other parts of the current, so it is preparing to rise. At point 4, thermal energy from warm air over the land is transferred upward toward cooler areas of the atmosphere.

The diagram shows the motion of a group of water molecules over a heat source. How do the molecules at point A compare to the molecules at point B? Check all that apply. They are closer together. They are farther apart. They are moving faster. They are moving slower. They have gained energy. They have lost energy.

Which best describes the convection currents in Earth's mantle? They transfer potential energy away from Earth's core toward its crust. They transfer thermal energy away from Earth's core toward its crust. They transfer chemical and thermal energy in a circular pattern. They transfer chemical and potential energy in a circular pattern.

Which best describes the shape of a convection current? linear spiral circular wave

The lava lamp has a light bulb as a heat source at its base. The lamp contains a colored, waxy fluid that can be observed moving in clumps through a clear liquid. As the clump of colored fluid at the bottom of the lava lamp rises to the top, which will increase? its density its temperature the kinetic energy of its molecules the space between its molecules

The lava lamp has a light bulb as a heat source at its base. The lamp contains a colored, waxy fluid that can be observed moving in clumps through a clear liquid. Which indicates that the clump of waxy fluid at the center of the lamp is moving downward rather than upward? It is less dense than the surrounding liquid. Its molecules are losing kinetic energy. Its molecules begin to slow down before they become faster. Its temperature increases before it decreases again.

Water is boiling in a clear pot, as shown in the picture. How do the water molecules closest to the burner compare to the water molecules closest to the surface of the liquid? They are more spread out and moving faster than those at the surface. They are closer together and moving faster than those at the surface. They are more spread out and moving slower than those at the surface. They are closer together and moving slower than those at the surface.

The diagram shows the sun's interior. Convection currents are present in the convection zone. Which best describes how fluids change as they travel through different portions of the convection currents? They change to solids at the outer portion of the convection currents. They change to solids at the inner portion of the convection currents. They become more dense at the outer portion of the convection currents. They become more dense at the inner portion of the convection currents.

A student heats a liquid on a burner. What happens to the portion of liquid that first begins to warm? Check all that apply. It becomes more dense. It becomes less dense. It releases energy to the environment. It absorbs energy from the environment. It rises upward. It sinks downward.

In a convection current, as the temperature of a fluid increases, its_______decreases/

The diagram shows currents that form as water is heated. Which would most likely contain this same type of current? the air above a wildfire a carton of milk in a refrigerator a snowdrift on a shady mountainside a boulder in a hot desert

Which is required for convection to occur? a solid substance a heat source boiling water air molecules

When Xavier places his hands near a light bulb, he notices that certain areas around the light bulb are warmer than others. Which best explains this? The areas to the sides of the light bulb are warmest because of conduction. The areas to the sides of the light bulb are warmest because of convection. The area directly above the light bulb is warmest because of conduction. The area directly above the light bulb is warmest because of convection.

Which area of Earth is most similar to the sun's convection zone? the crust the equator the mantle the poles

Yami pours powdered cocoa mix into milk and stirs it. Then she microwaves the mixture for three minutes. When she takes the cup out, the handle is very warm. Steam rises from the cup, so she blows it before taking a sip. In which part of this scenario can convection be best observed? stirring powdered cocoa mix into milk touching the warm handle of the cup rising steam from the cup of cocoa blowing on the hot cocoa to cool it

Where could convection currents form? Check all that apply. in a sand dune in a freshwater lake in the atmosphere in outer space in Earth's mantle

Convection only occurs in________.

How does an increase in thermal energy affect molecules? They stop moving. They begin to vibrate more. They decrease in temperature. They lose kinetic energy.

Which contains the particles that are vibrating fastest? boiling water frozen water room-temperature water cold tap water

Conduction involves the transfer of electric charge or_______.

Alana drew diagrams to show how particles in a spoon move before and after the spoon is placed in hot liquid. Which best explains how to correct Alana's error? Make the particles in both diagrams larger. Show more movement in the "Before" diagram. Add more particles to the "After" diagram. Switch the labels on the diagrams.

Which describes how fast-moving particles assist in transferring thermal energy to a cup after hot tea is poured into it? They replace slow-moving particles. They collide with slow-moving particles. They collide with other fast-moving particles. They are replaced by slow-moving particles.

When Object 1 came into contact with Object 2, Object 2 got warmer. What can be concluded about the objects before they came into contact with each other? Object 2 did not have thermal energy. Object 1 had faster-moving particles. Object 1 had less thermal energy. Object 2 had fewer particles.

Most thermal conductors are_______.

Which materials are typically used as thermal insulators? Check all that apply. copper foam ceramic wood plastic

Which best explains why metal cooking utensils often have plastic coating on their handles? Plastic melts less easily and lasts longer than metal. Plastic reduces the transfer of thermal energy to hands holding the utensils. Plastic molds more easily into shapes like long, thin handles. Plastic increases the rate of conduction from the utensil to the food.

A scientist designed a foam container to help keep frozen foods from melting. Which bestexplains how the foam works? It removes thermal energy from the air inside the container. It removes thermal energy from the frozen foods inside the container. It reduces the amount of thermal energy that is transferred from inside to outside the container. It reduces the amount of thermal energy that is transferred from outside to inside the container.

How does a foam-filled winter coat help keep a person warm? It slows down the transfer of thermal energy from outside to inside the coat. It slows down the transfer of thermal energy from inside to outside the coat. It speeds up the transfer of thermal energy from outside to inside the coat. It speeds up the transfer of thermal energy from inside to outside the coat.

Keesha conducts an experiment by pouring equal amounts of boiling water into four containers. The containers are the same size and shape, but they are made of different materials. The chart lists the containers according to their materials. Using protective gloves, Keesha carefully touches each container immediately after pouring the water. Which container was likely the hottest? W X Y Z

How do the metal aluminum coils in an air conditioner help keep a house cool? They insulate the house from outside thermal energy. They conduct thermal energy from inside the house and release it outside the house. They insulate the surrounding air from indoor thermal energy. They conduct thermal energy from outside the house and release it inside the house.

What must be true about two objects for conduction to take place? The objects must be different temperatures and they must be in contact. The objects must be the same temperature and they must be in contact. The objects must be different temperatures and they must be insulators. The objects must be the same temperature and they must be insulators.

The diagram shows movement of thermal energy. In which areas of the diagram does conduction occur? W and X X and Z Y and Z Z and W

Earl is using his hands to hold a metal pan 10 centimeters above a hot burner. How can this scenario be changed to demonstrate conduction between the pan and the burner? increase the temperature of the burner use a glass pan instead of a metal pan use foam potholders to hold the pan touch the pan to the burner

Conduction can occur within a single substance, but parts of the substance must have which property? different temperatures different textures different particle sizes different colors

What occurs when someone places an ice pack on an injured ankle? Conduction causes the ice pack to lose thermal energy. Conduction causes the ankle to gain thermal energy. Cold from the ice pack is transferred to the ankle. Heat from the ankle is transferred to the ice pack.

Which explains why conduction is unlikely when ice is placed on a freezer shelf? There is no direct contact. The ice is too cold. The shelf acts as an insulator. The ice and shelf are the same temperature.

Which demonstrates conduction? a marshmallow held over a fire ice cream melting in the sun cool feet walking across a hot pavement a bulb releasing light energy

________is the thermal energy that flows from one substance to another when the substances differ in temperature.

Heat is most closely related to________energy.

Ixchelt burns her tongue when she takes a sip of hot coffee from her mug. Which part of this example represents heat? the thermal energy moving from the coffee to her tongue the thermal energy moving from her tongue to the coffee her coffee her tongue

Which best explains why water boils in a pot sitting over fire? Heat energy is created from the thermal energy in the air. Heat energy is transferred from the water to the fire. Thermal energy from the fire moves to the water in the form of heat. Thermal energy from the surrounding air moves to the water.

Isaac wants to make s'mores. He holds a marshmallow on a metal skewer over a fire. A few seconds later, the marshmallow is cooked and the skewer feels warm. What most likely happened? The fire heated the surrounding air, which cooked the marshmallow. The heat generated from the marshmallow flowed in the form of thermal energy to the skewer and fire. The heat from the skewer cooked the marshmallow. Thermal energy in the form of heat moved from the fire to the skewer and marshmallow.

A burner on a stove produces temperature. thermal energy. hotness. fire energy.

Nuclear reactions in a reactor produce a lot of thermal energy. That energy then flows and warms up water, which boils and produces steam. The steam then turns turbines that generate electricity. Which statement below can be made about the production of electricity in a nuclear reactor? Heat flows in the form of electricity. Heat flows from the reactor to the water. The water produces heat. The steam produces heat.

Shelly tells a friend that her computer needs to be fixed because it has been producing a lot of heat and is smoking. Where is the error in her statement? Heat cannot be described as having been produced. Thermal energy cannot be produced by electronics. Her computer should be producing a lot of heat and does not need to be fixed. Her computer is producing thermal energy, not heat.

Heat flows from______substances.

Which best describes the direction of heat? from a substance with no thermal energy to a substance with high amounts of thermal energy from a substance with less thermal energy to a substance with more thermal energy from a cooler substance to a warmer substance from a warmer substance to a cooler substance

If a cup of coffee is at 90°C and a person with a body temperature of 36°C touches it, how will heat flow between them? from the hand to the cup from the cup to the hand from the cup to the surrounding air from the hand to surrounding air

A stovetop burner on medium reaches 200°C. Which other objects will heat from the burner flow to? Check all that apply. the surrounding air a cool pan a pan heated to 223°C cool water inside a pan someone who touches it

Which substance has the most thermal energy and will have the most heat flow from it? a stovetop burner on medium (200°C) a nuclear reactor core (1000°C) the human body (36°C) air at room temperature (32°C)

The metal aluminum coils in an air conditioner conduct thermal energy from inside the house and release it outside the house. What can be said about the coils when they are accepting the heat inside the house? They must be warmer than the air inside the house. They must be cooler than the air inside the house. They must have more thermal energy than the air inside the house. They must be more insulated than the air inside the house.

What must be true about two objects if heat is flowing between them? The objects must be different temperatures. The objects must be the same temperature. The objects must both be over room temperature. The objects must both be under room temperature.

This chart lists four examples of two objects that are in contact. Which statement accurately describes the flow of heat in each example? Heat will flow from Object 1 to Object 2 in examples 2 and 4, and heat will flow from Object 2 to Object 1 in examples 1 and 3. Heat will flow from Object 1 to Object 2 in examples 1 and 3, and heat will flow from Object 2 to Object 1 in examples 2 and 4. Heat will flow from Object 1 to Object 2 in Example 3, and heat will flow from Object 2 to Object 1 in examples 1, 2, and 4. Heat will flow from Object 1 to Object 2 in examples 1, 2, and 4, and heat will flow from Object 2 to Object 1 in Example 3.

_______heat is the amount of heat required to change the temperature of 1 gram of a substance by 1°C, and it is related to the chemical composition of the substance.

Which factors affect heat transfer between a warm and a cool substance? the time it took to heat the substance, the area of contact, and the specific heats of the substances the amount of time of contact, the area of contact, and the specific heats of the substances the time it took to heat the substance, the area of the substances, and the specific heats of the substances the amount of time of contact, the area of the substances, and the specific heats of the substances

Heat transfer between two substances is affected by specific heat and the chemical composition of the substances. state of matter of the substances at room temperature. thermal equilibrium of the substances. amount of time and area of physical contact between the substances.

Which substance is most likely to heat up the fastest? water (specific heat of 4.19 /g • C°) copper (specific heat of .39 /g • C°) aluminum (specific heat of .90 /g • C°) dry air (specific heat of 1.01 /g • C°)

Mintu wants to increase the heat transfer between a metal iron and another piece of metal he wants to shape. He decides to increase the time the two metals are in contact, use a larger metal iron, and use a new metal material with a higher specific heat. Where is Mintu's error? Mintu should have decreased the size of the metal iron. Mintu should have decreased the time he touches the two metals. Mintu should have chosen a material with a lower specific heat. Mintu should have chosen a material the same temperature as the iron.

What are the two main types of energy? radiant and chemical thermal and radiant potential and chemical kinetic and potential

Almost all energy on Earth comes from the______.

Which activity directly converts energy from the Sun into chemical energy? a snake lying on a sunny rock to keep warm a rabbit using energy from food it has eaten to run a bean plant making its own food to grow a person burning firewood to cook food

The image shows a dam. Which descriptions best fit the labels? X: kinetic energy, Y: potential energy X: potential energy , Y: kinetic energy X: mechanical energy , Y: electrical energy X: electrical energy , Y: mechanical energy

Savion listed the steps involved when nuclear power plants generate electricity. 1. Nuclear reaction occurs. 2. Nuclear energy is converted to radiant and thermal energy. 3. Heat is used to generate steam. 4. Light and heat are released. 5. Steam turns turbines. 6. Mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy. Which best explains how to correct Savion's error? In step 2, change "radiant and thermal " to "chemical and mechanical." Reorder the steps so that step 4 appears before step 3. Reorder the steps so that step 6 appears before step 5. In step 6, change "mechanical" to "thermal."

The human body stores chemical energy from digested food. Some of the chemical energy is converted into mechanical energy when the body moves. Which statement is best supported by this information? The body does not convert chemical energy to thermal energy. The body does not convert chemical energy to kinetic energy. Digested food is a source of potential energy. Digested food is a form of radiant energy.

Which is an example of transforming potential energy to kinetic energy? Check all that apply. changing thermal energy to electrical energy changing chemical energy to thermal energy changing nuclear energy to radiant energy changing radiant energy to electrical energy changing mechanical energy to chemical energy

When a person strikes and lights a match, potential energy in the match is transformed into which types of energy? electrical and thermal thermal and radiant radiant and nuclear nuclear and kinetic

Plants are responsible for a very important energy transformation, as shown. Which energy transformation does the picture best illustrate? radiant to chemical nuclear to mechanical chemical to thermal mechanical to chemical

Energy can be transformed from one form to another. The diagram shows one such process. Which energy transformation is represented in the diagram? nuclear to thermal and radiant nuclear to electrical and chemical chemical to nuclear and radiant chemical to electrical and nuclear

Simone created a chart to summarize the energy transformations that take place when energy from the wind is used to generate electricity. Which best completes the chart? nuclear energy transformed to electrical energy chemical energy transformed to electrical energy radiant energy transformed to mechanical energy kinetic energy transformed to mechanical energy

Solar-powered cars use energy from the Sun to work. A panel on the car absorbs light energy from the Sun, which then generates an electric current. This electric current, in turn, allows the car to move. Which shows the correct order of energy transformations that take place in a solar-powered car? electrical, chemical, kinetic electrical, kinetic, radiant radiant, chemical, electrical radiant, electrical, mechanical

Eddie and Val observed the picture of an athlete running in a race. Eddie stated the picture shows potential energy being transformed to kinetic energy. Val stated that it shows chemical energy being transformed to mechanical energy. Which best explains who is correct? Only Eddie is correct because the picture does not show a transformation that starts with chemical energy. Only Eddie is correct because the picture does not show a transformation that ends with mechanical energy. Both Eddie and Val are correct because chemical energy is a type of potential energy and mechanical energy includes kinetic energy. Both Eddie and Val are correct because chemical energy is a type of kinetic energy and mechanical energy includes potential energy.

During nuclear fission and fusion, matter that seems to disappear is actually converted into________.

The diagram shows a swinging pendulum. Which best explains what happens to the motion of the pendulum? The mechanical energy transforms to thermal energy as the pendulum slows and eventually stops moving. The mechanical energy disappears as the pendulum slows and eventually stops moving. The pendulum will continue moving at the same speed until someone stops it because energy cannot be destroyed. The pendulum will slow down but will never stop moving because energy cannot be destroyed.

Taro stated that when someone hits a golf ball with a club, the amount of energy the ball has changes, the amount of energy that the club has changes, and the total energy of the system that includes the ball and the club increases. Which best explains Taro's error? The amount of energy that the ball has does not change. The amount of energy that the club has does not change. The total energy of the system remains the same. The total energy of the system decreases.

What happens in terms of energy when a moving car hits a parked car, causing the parked car to move? The moving car transfers kinetic energy to the parked car. Kinetic energy in the moving car disappears. Kinetic energy in the parked car is created. The parked car transfers kinetic energy to the moving car.

As a person pushes a box across a floor, the energy from the person's moving arm is transferred to the box, and the box and floor become warm. During this process, energy is__________.

A battery has chemical energy, which can be used to generate thermal and radiant energy in a lightbulb. Which best explains what happens to the amount of energy in this scenario? The total energy in the system increases because chemical energy creates thermal and radiant energy. The total energy in the system decreases because chemical energy disappears as thermal and radiant energy are generated. The total energy in the system remains the same as the decrease in chemical energy equals the increase in thermal and radiant energy. The total energy in the system remains the same as the increase in chemical energy equals the decrease in thermal and radiant energy.

Alana summarized what happens when a ball sitting on top of a grassy hill rolls down the hill. The motionless ball has potential energy. Once the ball starts to roll down the hill, new kinetic energy is made. As the ball rolls across the grass, it slows down. The kinetic energy of the ball is converted to other forms of energy. Which best describes Alana's error? The motionless ball does not have energy because it is still. Kinetic energy is not made; it is a result of energy transformation. The ball cannot slow down unless someone touches it. The energy is not converted; it disappears.

The amount of kinetic energy an object has depends on its_______.

This diagram shows a skier moving down a hill. Which statement best describes the skier? The skier has potential and kinetic energy. The skier has only potential energy. The skier has only kinetic energy. The skier does not have potential or kinetic energy.

Which set of terms best defines what affects kinetic energy and potential energy, respectively? position, gravity gravity, position velocity, height height, velocity

Which statement best compares potential and kinetic energy? Objects always have more potential energy than kinetic energy. Only kinetic energy increases when the velocity of an object increases. Only potential energy decreases when an object's height increases. Objects always have more kinetic energy than potential energy.

Seema knows the mass of a basketball. What other information is needed to find the ball's potential energy? the volume and height the ball reaches the volume and shape of the ball acceleration due to gravity and the height the ball reaches acceleration due to gravity and the shape of the ball

A roller coaster with a potential energy of 235,200 J sits at the top of a 30 m high hill. What is the mass of the roller coaster? (Formula: PE = mgh) 800 kg 7,840 kg 8,000 kg 78,400 kg

A sled is at rest at the top of a 2 m high slope. The sled has a mass of 45 kg. The sled's potential energy is

The table shows information about four objects resting at the top of a hill. Which object is on the tallest hill? W X Y Z

Ella has a mass of 56 kg, and Tyrone has a mass of 68 kg. Ella is standing at the top of a skateboard ramp that is 1.5 meters tall. Which conclusion is best supported by the given information? If Tyrone stands at the top of the same ramp, his potential energy will be less than Ella's. If Tyrone stands at the top of a 1 m high ramp, his potential energy will be greater than Ella's. If Tyrone stands at the top of the same ramp, his potential energy will be the same as Ella's. If Tyrone stands at the top of a 2 m high ramp, his potential energy will be greater than Ella's.

Which factors are used to calculate the kinetic energy of an object? Check all that apply. gravity velocity volume mass height

The kinetic energy of a ball with a mass of 0.5 kg and a velocity of 10 m/s is

A car is moving at 12 m/s and has a mass of 600 kg. What is the kinetic energy of the car? 36,300 J 43,200 J 72,600 J 86,400 J

An object has a velocity of 8 m/s and a kinetic energy of 480 J. What is the mass of the object? 7.5 kg 15 kg 60 kg 120 kg

The table shows information about four students who are running around a track. Which statement is supported by the information in the chart? Autumn has more kinetic energy than Chiang. Mohammed has less kinetic energy than Autumn. Lexy has more kinetic energy than Mohammed. Chiang has less kinetic energy than Lexy.

A soccer ball is traveling at a velocity of 50 m/s. The kinetic energy of the ball is 500 J. What is the mass of the soccer ball? 0.1 kg 0.2 kg 0.4 kg 0.5 kg

The diagram shows a ball resting at the top of a hill. Which statement best describes the energy in this system? The potential energy in the system is greatest at X. The kinetic energy in the system is greatest at X. Total energy in the system decreases as the ball moves from X to Y. Total energy in the system increases as the ball moves from X to Y.

This diagram shows a baseball's motion. Which statement is best supported by the diagram? Kinetic energy becomes potential energy between points R and S. Maximum potential energy is at point P. Maximum potential energy is at point R. Potential energy becomes kinetic energy between points P and Q.

The diagram shows a person holding a bow and arrow. Which will most likely increase the kinetic energy in this system? pulling farther back on the string releasing the string holding the arrow higher decreasing the mass of the arrow

If the kinetic and potential energy in a system are equal, then the potential energy increases. What happens as a result? Total energy increases. Stored energy decreases. Energy of motion decreases. Total energy decreases.

Olivia is on a swing at the playground. At which point is her kinetic energy increasing and her potential energy decreasing? W X Y Z

Which is occurring when work is being done? Energy is being reverted. Energy is being decreased. Energy is being increased. Energy is being transferred.

Four people make observations recorded in the table. Which best describes what all of the observations have in common? They involve nuclear energy. They involve radiant energy. The involve changes in waves. They involve changes in energy.

If Jerome is swinging on a rope and transferring energy from gravitational potential energy to kinetic energy, ______is being done.

Shondra takes notes in class. I. Electromagnetic Waves II. The ability to work - Has many forms - Mechanical III. Potential energy - Chemical - Elastic - Gravitational Kinetic energy - Energy of movement - Electrical IV. Nuclear - Radiant - Thermal One line of Shondra's notes is irrelevant to the rest of her notes. Which line is about a different topic than the rest of Shondra's notes? I II III IV

The unit for energy is the_________.

Work can_________energy between objects and can cause a change in the form of energy.

Which statement best defines the relationship between work and energy? Work can transfer energy between objects and increase radiant energy. Work can transfer energy between objects and cause a change in the form of energy. Work can transfer energy between objects and decrease nuclear energy. Work can transfer energy between objects and cause a change in the amount of total energy.

Gabriel is performing an experiment in which he is measuring the energy and work being done by a ball rolling down a hill. Which statement best describes Gabriel's measurements? They will remain constant. They will both be recorded in joules. They will both be recorded in hertz. They will involve compressions.

When a spring is compressed, the energy changes from kinetic to potential. Which best describes what is causing this change? work power gravitational energy chemical energy

Abin is doing work by lifting a bowling ball. Which statement could be made about the energy in this situation? It is being transferred from the ball to his arm muscles. It is being transferred from his arm muscles to the ball. It would be recorded in units of hertz and power. It would be cause a change in energy from potential to chemical.

Which statement best describes the work and energy in these examples? Example 1: Running a car requires gas. Example 2: Humans require food to live. The gas and food are examples of energy. The gas and food are examples of work. The gas and humans are examples of work. The food and car are examples of energy.

________energy is the energy an object has because of its motion.

What is the energy of an object because of its potential and kinetic energies? chemical energy electrical energy nuclear energy mechanical energy

What are two types of mechanical energy? electrical and kinetic nuclear and chemical radiant and thermal elastic and gravitational

What kind of energy involves the flow of positive charges? thermal radiant electrical nuclear

Johanna is studying what happens to the energy as a ball rolls down a ramp. What is she studying? Check all that apply. gravitational potential energy electrical energy kinetic energy mechanical energy elastic potential energy

Atoms contain subatomic particles called protons and neutrons. When these protons and neutrons split, a lot of energy is released. What kind of energy is this? nuclear radiant thermal chemical

The sun emits electromagnetic waves at many frequencies, but mostly in the infrared, visible, and ultraviolet spectrums. What kind of energy is this? nuclear radiant thermal chemical

When Javier touches a hot mug of tea, energy is transferred from the surface of the mug to his hand. What kind of energy is this? nuclear radiant thermal chemical

When Anna eats an apple, the sugars in that apple are broken down into the substance called glucose. Glucose is then burned in her body for energy. One of the body parts that needs this energy is the heart, which beats due to electrical impulses. A byproduct of this glucose breakdown is the heat that warms her body and is later released. Which identifies the energy transformations that take place in Anna's body as this process takes place? Mechanical energy is converted to kinetic energy, which is then converted to potential energy. Chemical energy is converted to thermal energy and electrical energy. Electrical energy is converted to chemical energy and thermal energy. Mechanical energy is converted to potential energy which is then converted to kinetic energy.