Geo Final

In addition to glacial ice, what other natural climate recorder is discussed in the SmartFigure?

The two main locations where ice cores are drilled are the Antarctic and __________ Ice Sheets.

The temperature range of the past 7,000 years was __________ the temperature range of the preceding 30,000 years.

From 400,000 to 50,000 years ago, the carbon dioxide levels fluctuated between ___________.

The most recent spike of CO2 (over 280 ppm) in the atmosphere correlates to __________.

More solar radiation is absorbed by Earth's surface than by __________.

What is the term for the total radiation that is reflected by a surface?

Which of the following absorbs most incoming solar radiation?

Light-colored surfaces __________ than dark-colored surfaces.

Of the 50% of incoming solar radiation that is not absorbed by Earth's surface, how much is lost to space by reflection and scattering?

In general, which two factors determine the overall temperature of Earth's atmosphere?

In general, what is the difference between the energy that comes into Earth from the Sun and the energy that Earth emits back to space?

Which three gases are most important on Earth for inhibiting the release of longwave radiation back into space?

Part complete Which set of statements is correct?

Global warming is _________________.

The Moon has __________ because all energy is reradiated back to space.

The Sun emits __________ radiation, but it is radiated back off of planetary bodies as __________ radiation.

If the greenhouse effect ceased to exist on Earth, which of the following would result?

Which of the following is true about Venus?

The dense atmosphere of Venus is ________, causing most incoming solar radiation to be _________.

What two trends are commonly seen in modern monthly CO2 concentration charts?

CO2 levels drop during spring and summer months because __________.

Which of the following is true when comparing the Amundsen-Scott South Pole station and Barrow, Alaska CO2 concentration curves?

In the climate system diagram, modeling results show that observed changes in temperature closely align with __________.

The Vostok ice core curve shows CO2 concentrations over the last __________.

What evidence is there that the O'Higgins Glacier is being affected by global warming?

How might global warming affect cities that rely on glacial runoff for their water supply?

What is causing a decline in Antarctica's Chinstrap penguins?

What has analysis of ice cores revealed about atmospheric greenhouse gas levels during the historic period?

What impact would rising sea levels have on human migration?

How do the oceans contribute to maintaining a climate that is habitable for humans?

What is the primary cause of the nearly 20 percent increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels since the 1960s?

How will increases in atmospheric carbon dioxide levels affect oceans?

Why are scientists doing research in an underwater lab in the Great Barrier Reef?

What impact will increased carbon dioxide absorption by the oceans have on coral reefs?

Below is an image of carbon dioxide levels in our atmosphere over the last 200 years or so. Are the carbon dioxide levels increasing, decreasing, or staying the same? week 14 hw

If there is a greenhouse gas more potent (potent meaning its more effective at trapping heat) than carbon dioxide, why do you think scientists focus on carbon dioxide and not mention other greenhouse gases?

Scientists use different techniques to measure carbon dioxide in our atmosphere. Explain one way a team of scientists could collect enough data to construct the graph below? week 14hw

The graph below shows how temperature has changed over the past 200 years or so. A temperature anomaly is how many degrees the temperature is warmer/colder than the normal recorded temperature. Note that this is in Celsius. Is the temperature anomaly increasing, decreasing, or staying the same?

The industrial revolution began in the early 1900's and really took off in the 1920's. This included cars that require oil, coal burning trains, factories (which also burned coal), plastics, refineries, etc. week14hw

What are the three major greenhouse gases?

Which greenhouse gas is 30 times more potent than carbon dioxide?

______ can be found in broad lowlands at the base of mountainous regions.

The upper boundary of the zone of wastage is ______.

What size sediment can be transported by glaciers?

In glaciated terrain, waterfalls are associated with ______.

Which of the following is a characteristic of glacial till?

Which glacial depositional features can indicate the direction of glacial flow? CHOOSE ALL THAT APPLY.

Which depositional glacial feature is composed of stratified drift containing sediment sizes ranging from clay to gravel?

Which of the following changes is the result of glacier retreat following the last Ice Age?

Which type of evidence would allow scientists to realize that more than one Ice Age existed in the recent geologic past?

What is a possible cause for the transition from the last Ice Age to the current interglacial period?

What is the name for an isolated boulder of unexpected rock type that has been transported by a glacier and stranded after the ice melts?

What causes a crevasse to form?

What causes streams that emerge from glaciers to be milk-colored?

What shape is a glacial trough?

Most modern glaciers are __________.

__________ are defined as a chain of glacial lakes where each lake flows into the next.

What glacial feature is circled in Figure 1? mg ch18

What glacial feature is circled in Figure 2? ch 18 mg

What is the best way to describe the shape of a glacial valley?

Which type of glacial movement is circled in Figure 1? mg ch18

Which type of glacial movement will be responsible for the greatest amount of glacial flow?

Explain why post A has moved farther than posts B and C. mg ch18

Which part of a glacier will see the build-up of ice and snow over the course of a full year?

How does a glacier lose ice through sublimation?

Which of the following budget scenarios describes a glacial advance?

During a glacial retreat, a glacier will flow _____ while the terminus moves _____.

Ice sheets are confined to valleys.

What do geologists term a body of glacial debris left behind by a retreating glacier? These can occur along the sides or at the ends of glaciers.

Place the events in the order they must have occurred to form a hanging valley.

Movement along the base of a glacier is termed...

Judging by the shape of the valley shown below, was it shaped by a glacier? ch18

The upper portions of a glacier move due to plastic flow.

f the wavelength of a set of waves is 20 feet long, how deep is the wave base?

How shallow must the ocean floor be for waves to start to "feel bottom" for a wave set with a wavelength of 20 feet?

Which of the following distances represents one wavelength of the wave set drawn below? mg ch20

A set of waves are moving from east to west. Assuming the boat is in deep water, which of the following would describe the motion of a boat during the passage of these waves?

Based on the diagram below, at what location would you expect the highest high tide to occur? mg ch20

Based on the diagram below, at which locations would you expect low tides to occur? mg ch20

Which of the following moon stages is correlated with Spring tides? mg ch 20

Which of the following moon stages is correlated with Neap tides? mg ch20

Based on the moon phase shown below, select which special tide has occurred most recently and which special tide will occur next. mg ch20

What is an interference pattern?

What results when two waves, in phase and with the same wavelength, interact?

What does the term "in phase" refer to?

When will perfect constructive interference occur for waves that are in phase and moving at the same velocity?

When will perfect destructive interference occur?

What occurs more often, pure destructive, pure constructive, or mixed interference?

Which of the following are names for large ocean waves that can be created by constructive interference?

Which of the following statements describe what happens to sediment when a longshore current meets a jetty?

Based on the diagram below, select which arrow best represents the direction of the longshore current. mg ch20

Which of the following describes the general pattern of movement of sand on a shoreline?

Which of the following statements describes how waves refract when approaching a shoreline that consists of a headland and an adjacent bay?

Which of the following statements about coastal erosion and deposition is true?

If a topographic profile (a side view of the elevation) was drawn from point A to point B, what type of profile would you expect? mg ch20

During which month are hurricanes most likely to occur on the east coast of the United States?

Which of the following describes the movement of air in a hurricane in the Northern Hemisphere?

Where do hurricanes that hit the East Coast of the United States form? In which direction do they travel?

Which of the following statements about hurricanes is true?

Is the longshore current traveling to the right or to the left in the image below? Think about where deposition and erosion are occurring. ch20 hw

Sand moves along the beach in a ________.

The arrangement of the sun, earth, and moon pictured below would produce a _______ tide. ch20 hw

Waves can arrive parallel to shore due to what phenomenon?

What is the name of the man made structure seen in the image below? ch20 hw

What man made structure is the arrow pointing to in the image below? ch20 hw

Tides are waves that have very short wavelengths.

Every month or so we experience tides that are both higher and lower than the normal range. What do we call these tides?

Where do waves break along a coastal shore?

People typically get seasick due to which ocean water phenomenon?