Drugs and Society- Final exam

For which of the following drugs is the market and distribution pattern most decentralized?

The distribution of which of the following drugs corresponds most closely to the agricultural model of illicit drug manufacture and sale?

According to the text, illicit drug selling is:

Today, the majority of the illicit drugs brought into the United States from other countries originates from which of the following regions?

According to the text, a "Mr. Big" is one central smuggler at the pinnacle of a highly centralized illicit drug organization. This dealer controls and runs the entire trafficking operation of the global sale of:

The dominant ethnic or national group that controls the international illegal drug trade is now:

In order for drug use to take place, the availability of a given drug is:

Which of the following corresponds most closely to the mixed model of illicit drug manufacture and sale?

On which of the following illicit drugs is the greatest total amount of money spent in the United States?

Over the past few decades, numerous major drug traffickers who were heads of huge smuggling operations have died, been arrested, imprisoned, or killed. What has happened subsequently?

Criminalizing drugs has:

For which of the following illicit drugs is the total trafficked weight the greatest?

In order for drug use to take place, the predisposition to use a given drug is:

Which of the following corresponds most closely to the pure chemical model of illicit drug manufacture and sale?

According to the thinking of contemporary economists, ___________.

Over the past three or four decades, the illicit drug market has:

According to the text, the countries with the highest rates of criminal homicide are those with:

In the early 1970s, which country accounted for the majority of the botanical source of the heroin used by addicts in the United States?

According to available, reliable information, over the past few decades, the:

Most of the methamphetamine consumed in the United States had its origin in:

People arrested for a crime:

The relationship between alcohol consumption and criminal behavior is:

Consuming alcohol is:

The statistical correlation between the use of any and all illicit drugs and engaging in criminal behavior is:

During the past two decades, the price of cocaine sold on the street in the United States:

The relationship between committing a crime and being a victim of a crime is:

Evidence indicates that the link between the consumption of alcohol and engaging in violent behavior is largely and substantially a result of:

After 1970, using, abusing, and being addicted to heroin:

The use of certain drugs is more criminogenic than that of others, that is, it is statistically more closely related to criminal behavior. Which of the following are the big three drugs with respect to the relationship between using psychoactive substances and committing crime?

In our attempt to understand the relationship between drug use and criminal behavior, which would the researcher hypothesize is the dependent variable?

Evidence indicates which of the following models of criminal homicide and drug involvement makes the most sense? The:

Which of the following drugs was the majority of perpetrators under the influence of when committing a criminal homicide?

Which of the following models most adequately explains the drugs-violence nexus?

During the past two decades, the purity of cocaine sold on the street in the U.S.:

Among women, as the volume of cocaine consumed increases, the likelihood of being the victim of a crime:

Drug researchers have proposed three models or explanations for the drug-crime nexus. Which one is the most adequate in explaining this link?

Which of the following groups of drugs that appear in overdose statistics also makes a substantial contribution to the drugs-crime nexus?

Among men, as the volume of cocaine consumed increases, the likelihood of being the perpetrator of crime:

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are:

Methadone is:

Roughly nine out of ten inmates in state prisons are:

The administration of President Barak Obama has:

MacCoun and Reuter calculate that for which of the following substances is the elasticity index the greatest—that is, there is the greatest decrease in purchases, given a 1 percent increase in price?

In the short run, that is, after 2000, the race to incarcerate offenders of all crimes and drug offenders specifically:

The number of inmates incarcerated in jail and prison in the United States between 1980 and the early 2000s:

The current federal law that penalizes drug possession and sale is referred to as the:

The available evidence suggests that:

More than half of all inmates in state prisons were convicted and incarcerated for which of the following offenses?

The disparity in rates of incarceration is:

Under federal law, marijuana:

Approximately what percentage of the federal prison population is made up of drug offenders?

MacCoun and Reuter also argue that outright legalization might:

Alcohol is:

In Drug War Heresies, drug experts Robert MacCoun and Peter Reuter argue that it is plausible that decreasing drug penalties will:

Which U.S. president renewed President Richard Nixon's "War on Drugs"?

Evaluations of drug treatment programs have demonstrated a failure rate of:

Drug courts:

In the past several decades, ___________.

According to the National Household Survey, between the late 1970s and the more recent survey, the use of cocaine by the American population:

A major plank in the legalizer's platform is that drug use/abuse:

A policy of harm reduction is:

Most of what drug legalizers have written has focused on:

The dominant current approach to the control of illicit recreational drugs in the United States is:

The harm reduction strategy relies on the logic of:

Treating heroin addicts with methadone is more properly referred to as the:

According to the text, the "doomsayers" who argue that, in all likelihood, the worst-case scenario—a huge increase in harmful drug abuse—will come about under drug legalization are:

A needle exchange program, which operates in some countries of Europe and some cities in the United Kingdom, is an example of which of the following policies?

Legalizers believe that:

The Iron Law of Prohibition states that the stricter and more intense the enforcement of the laws against recreational drug use, the:

A defense of the punitive policy toward drug possession and sale is that criminalizing drugs:

Drug legalization:

Several states have made the possession of small quantities of marijuana a civil infraction, similar to a parking ticket. This policy is referred to as:

The term "decriminalization," which refers to the controls placed on small-quantity marijuana possession in a dozen or so states, should more properly be called:

According to the text, criminalizing illicit drugs increases the hassle factor, which:According to the text, criminalizing illicit drugs increases the hassle factor, which:

The drug control policy that prevails in the Netherlands and Switzerland is:

Harm reduction is:

The majority of drug legalizers believe and argue that:

The drug policy in the Netherlands is:

As a general rule, illegal drugs have: