Drugs and Alcohol ch. 10

Daniel, an intravenous heroin user, feels intense cravings when he sees hypodermic needles. This may be an example of: A. observational conditioning B. operant conditioning C. modeling D. classical conditioning

the use of narcotic antagonists can be dangerous. this is based on their ability to initiate: A. respiratory failure B. addiction to antagonist C. severe withdrawal D. neurological damage

One of the features of Alcoholics Anonymous is: A. residential services B. antagonistic medication C. peer support D. alcohol maintenance

jess thought she was taking an aspirin. but later when she had a glass of wine and became very nauseated she realized the pill was: A. naloxone B. naltrexone C. disulfiram D. caffeine

Hanna goes to a meeting because her husband is an alcoholic who only occasionally can abstain from alcohol. The meetings with other people in similar situations helps her cope. She probably attends meetings of: A. Alcoholics Anonymous B. Moderation Management C. Acceptance and Commitment therapy D. Al Anon

the MOST commonly used form of treatment for a substance abuse disorder is: A. hospital inpatient B. outpatient mental health center C. treatment from a general practice physician D. self-help groups

Assume a researcher finds that overuse of a drug reduces the body's production of neurotransmitters. Thus, if an abuser of this drug stops taking the drug, withdrawal symptoms occur until the brain begins producing normal levels of neurotransmitters again. Such a finding would most directly support which view of the cause of substance-abuse disorders? A. behavioral B. biochemical C. sociocultural D. opponent-process

Cocaine abusers on an inpatient ward earn rewards—and eventual release from the program—if they produce periodic urine samples that are free of the drug. The program they are in is a form of: A. detoxification B. relapse-prevention training C. behavioral self-control training (BSCT) D. contigency management

a clinician wishes to begin a drug abuse prevention campaign in a community. the most important thing the clinician can do it to: A. obtain permission to focus the campaign in the local high school B. concentrate on radio and TV public service announcements C. enlist the help of those who are admired in the community D. provides a consistent message across the media about drug abuse

A friend says, "I'm thinking about getting some help for my problem drinking. What's the most commonly used form of treatment?" Your BEST answer is: A. self-help groups B. inpatient rehabilitation C. outpatient mental health centers D. private doctors office

a researcher reports that a drug directly stimulates a reward center in the brain rather than through indirect stimulation of a reward center. the drug the researcher is studying could be any of the following drugs EXCEPT: A. freebase cocaine B. marijuana C. meth D. powdered cocaine

"I've been diagnosed w/ gambling disorder," a friend says. "What kind of therapy works best?" Based on current research, your BEST response is: A. "only narcotic antagonist therapy that blocks the reward pathway has shown to be effective" B. "i'd suggest a self-help group" C. "i'd suggest a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapies, biological therapies, and self-help groups" D. "short-term psychodynamic therapy seems best"

Sobriety High and Drug Court programs: A. cost more than regular educational programs but save society money in the long run B. cost the same as regular educational programs but save society money in the long run C. cost the same as regular educational programs and do not save society money in the long run D. actually cost less than regular educational programs but do not save society money in the long run

intoxication is actually a form of: A. substance dependence B. hallucination C. tolerance D. temporary change

Wes has a drink in the morning upon rising. He has a cocktail with breakfast. He usually sneaks a snort during the morning ("just to get through the day") and then drinks during his lunch. When he gets home after work he goes to a singles bar and immediately has a drink to ease his nerves about approaching the women there. Later, at home, he generally has a small dinner and then sits in front of the TV watching sports and drinking beer (as many as 12 cans). Somehow he manages to get up and go to work the next morning. Wes is displaying: A. delirium tremens B. substance use disorder C. withdrawal D. hallucinosis

the most commonly used form of treatment for a substance use disorder is: A. outpatient mental health center B. treatment from a general practice physician C. self-help groups D. hospital inpatient

a researcher reports that a drug indirectly stimulates a reward center in the brain rather than directly stimulating it. the drug the researcher is studying could be any of the following drugs EXCEPT: A. marijuana B. cocaine C. opium D. alcohol

the long-term pattern of maladaptive behavior caused by the regular use of some chemical or drug is called: A. hallucinosis B. tolerance C. substance use disorder D. intoxication disorder

research indicates that the MOST important neurotransmitter in the "pleasure pathway" of the brain is probably: A. one of the endorphins B. acetylcholine C.dopamine D. anandamide

"i've been diagnosed w/ gambling disorder," a friend says. "what kind of therapy works best?" based on current research, your BEST response is: A. "only narcotic antagonist therapy that blocks the reward pathway has shown to be effective" B. "i'd suggest a self-help group" C. "short-term psychodynamic therapy seems best" D. "i'd suggest a combination of cognitive-behavioral therapy, biological therapies, and self-help groups"

A clinician wishes to begin a drug abuse prevention campaign in a community. The most important thing the clinician can do is to: A. enlist the help of those who are admired in the community B. obtain permission to focus the campaign in the local high school C. concentrate on radio and TV public service announcements D. provide a consistent message across the media about drug abuse

Is there any genetic explanation for substance use disorders? A. maybe; there is one "twin" study that seems to support a genetic explanation B. maybe; those w/ a substance use disorder are more likely than those w/o a disorder to have an abnormal D2 receptor gene C. no; present studies are inconclusive, but the possibility of a conclusive finding remains D. yes; although at present, only 10 chromosomes have genes related to substance use disorders, the explanation will probably end up being polygenic

psychodynamic therapies may not be very effective in the treatment of substance use disorders because: A. they teach only new thought patterns, not new behaviors B. they teach only new behaviors, not new thought patterns C. finding the cause of a substance use disorder is less important than treating the use as an independent problem D. psychodynamic therapists unilaterally reject any use of multidimensional treatment programs

recent studies show that gender-sensitive programs for treating substance abuse: A. have some usefulness; substance abusers of different genders have the same physical, but different psychological, reactions to drugs B. may be very useful; substance abusers of different genders have different physical and psychological reactions to drugs C. have some usefulness; substance abusers of different genders have different physical, but the same psychological, reactions to drugs D. may not be necessary; substance abusers of different genders have about the same physical and psychological reactions to drugs

in general, behavioral treatments for substance use disorders are more successful when: A. behavioral treatments are not combined w/ other forms of treatment B. initial attempts at contingency management have failed C. the person receiving the therapy is highly motivated to continue D. the focus of therapy is strictly behavioral (not cognitive-behavioral)

which of the following is NOT a strategy included in relapse-prevention training for alcohol use disorder? A. therapists teach clients coping strategies to use when such situations arise B. therapists have clients keep track of their drinking C. therapists teach clients to plan ahead of time D. therapists help clients realize their true potential

which substance accounts for more drug treatment admissions than any other drug? A. heroin B. marijuana C. alcohol D. cocaine

a college professor's work performance recently has deteriorated, and his colleagues find him difficult to talk to. if this is due to a problem w/ drugs, the best description of this professor's behavior as detailed above would be: A. substance intoxication B. withdrawal C. tolerance D. substance use disorder

studies attempt to relate personality traits to potential for developing substance abuse show that: A. one key personality trait, impulsivity, predicts substance abuse B. no single trait or combination or traits predicts substance abuse C. one key personality trait, dependence, predicts substance abuse D. a specific group of traits predicts substance abuse

researchers have found that substance use disorders are more common among some religious groups than others and generally are more common among some groups than others. together, these findings provide the MOST support for which view of substance use disorders? A. sociocultural B. psychodynamic C. cognitive-behavioral D. cognitive

"I feel great!" a friend says, "let's go to the casino and play the slots." your friend has been to the casino several times in the past two weeks and just can't seem to stay away. does your friend qualify for the diagnosis of gambling disorder? A. no; mood is not related to gambling and your friend's behavior doesn't seem out of control yet B. maybe; your friend's behavior seems out of control but those w/ a gambling disorder rarely find excitement even from the prospect of gambling C. maybe; an elevated mood goes w/ gambling, but your friend's behavior doesnt seem out of control yet D. maybe; an elevated mood goes w/ gambling and your friend's behavior seems out of control

according to recent studies, in a random sample of 24 employed adults, you would expect about 2 of them would be using an illegal drug. in a random sample of 24 unemployed adults, how many illegal drug users would you expect to find? A. 8 B. 2 C. 16 D. 4

chronic and excessive use of benzodiazepines may cause the: A. increased growth of GABA-producing cells B. decreased breakdown of GABA C. increased production of GABA D. decreased production of GABA

a client receiving treatment for substance abuse keeps track of times the substance is used and develops strategies to deal w/ the substance when there is an opportunity to use it. the client is MOST likely receiving: A. contingency management training B. relapse-prevention training C. cognitive-antagonist training (CAT) D. aversion therapy

The use of methadone in drug maintenance programs is controversial because methadone: A. costs more than $100/day per person treated B. produces withdrawal that is sometimes more difficult than heroin withdrawal C. use increases risk of contracting AIDS D. needs to be taken several times per day in a rigid schedule