Chapter 7: The Skeleton

25 July 2022
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These very small bones are at the medial wall of each orbit.
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Lacrimal bone
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Failure of these anterior bones to fuse causes a condition known as cleft palate.
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Maxillae
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This bone houses the apparatus of the internal and middle ear.
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Temporal bones
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This bone is wing-shaped and extends behind the eyes and forms part of the floor of the cranial vault.
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Sphenoid
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The bones that contain teeth.
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Maxillae
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This bone has a passageway into the nasal cavity
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Lacrimal bones
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The sella turcica is a portion of this bone.
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Sphenoid
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Region of vertebreal column that articulates with hip bones of the pelvis.
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The Sacrum
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Region of the vertebral column that attaches to the robs
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Thoracic Curvature
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Region of the vertebral column that recieves the most stress
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The lumbar curvature
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Region of the vertebral column where transverse formina are present
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The cerival vertebrae
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Region of verteral column where no foramen or canals are present
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Coccyx
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Region of vertebral column where the axis and atlas are present
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Cervical
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Region of the vertebral column that contains the joint that allows you to shake your head yes and no
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Cervical
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Part of the ethmoid bone that forms the nasal septum
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perpendicular plate
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Part of the ethmoid bone that contains the orbital areas
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orbital plate
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Part of the ethmoid bone where the olfactory bulb sits
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Crista galli
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Part of the ethmoid bone that is also called the "roosters comb"
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Crista Galli
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Part of the sphenoid bone that anchors the pterygoid muscles
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Pterygoid processes
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Part of the sphnoid bone that is the passageway for the optic nerve
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optic canal
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Part of the sphenoid bone that forms parts of the middle cranial fossa, dorsal walls of the orbits, and external walls of the skull.
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The greater wing
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Part of the sphnoid bone that Allow cranial nerves that control eye movements to enter the orbit.
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Superior orbital fissure
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The fingers have three of these bones and the thumb has only two.
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Phalanges
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This bone articulates with the glenoid fossa.
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Humerus
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Forearm bone that articulates with most of the carpals.
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Radius
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These bones have the thickest centrum with short blunt spinous processes.
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Lumbar
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The fused rudimentary tailbone.
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Coccyx
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A circle of bone that articulates superiorly with the occipital condyles.
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Atlas
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These bones have articular facets for the ribs.
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Thoracic vertebrae
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Allows the head to nod "yes."
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Atlas
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Allows the head to shake "no."
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Axis
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Connects occipital and temporal bones.
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Occipitomastoid suture.
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Connects occipital and parietal bones
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Lamboid Suture
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Connects temporal and parietal bones
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Squamosal suture
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Connects parietal and frontal bones
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Coronal suture.
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Connects right and left parietal bones
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Sagittal suture
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break in the distal end of the radius
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Colle's fracture
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goes through the occipital bone
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Faramen Magnum
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Costal cartilages join most ribs to the____.
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Sternum
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The tubercle of a rib articulates with the________.
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transverse process of a vertebrae
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In the anatomical position, the lateral forearm bone is the_____.
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Raduis
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The cranial vault of the skull is also called the
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Calvaria
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The ______ bones contain openings that allow the tear ducts to pass
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Lacrimal
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Number of cervical vertebre
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7
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Number of lumbar vertebre
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5
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Number of thoracic vertebre
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12
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Which forms the largest portion of the coxal bone? A) ischium B) pubis C) ilium D) pelvic
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C) ilium
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The membranous areas between the cranial bones of the fetal skull are called ________. A) areolas B) foramina C) sutures D) fontanelles
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D) fontanelles
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What makes up the axial skeleton? A) the skull, vertebral column, and pelvis B) arms, legs, hands, and feet C) the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage D) shoulder and pelvic girdles
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C) the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage
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The ethmoid bone is composed of all of the following except the ________. A) superior nasal concha B) crista galli C) cribriform plate D) inferior nasal concha
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D) inferior nasal concha
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Which vertebra does not have a body? A) last lumbar B) axis C) atlas D) last cervical
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C) atlas
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The suture that connects the two parietal bones together is the ________. A) coronal B) sagittal C) lambdoid D) squamosal
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B) sagittal
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The pituitary gland is housed in the ________. A) vomer B) sinuses of the ethmoid C) sella turcica of the sphenoid D) foramen lacerum
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C) sella turcica of the sphenoid
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The hyoid bone is unique because it ________. A) is the only bone of the body that does not articulate with any other bone B) is shaped like a plow C) is covered with mucosa D) has no specific function
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A) is the only bone of the body that does not articulate with any other bone
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Along with support, the anterior ligament of the vertebral column also acts to ________. A) hold the discs in place B) prevent hyperextension of the spine C) hold the spine erect D) protect the spinal cord
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B) prevent hyperextension of the spine
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What is the major function of the intervertebral discs? A) absorb shock B) string the vertebrae together C) prevent injuries D) prevent hyperextension
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A) absorb shock
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Paranasal sinuses are found in which of these facial bones? A) zygomatic B) nasal conchae C) vomer D) maxillae
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D) maxillae
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Which of the following is an abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column often seen in the thoracic region? A) kyphosis B) scoliosis C) lordosis D) swayback
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B) scoliosis
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Which of the following phrases best describes the function of the vertebral curves? A) to provide resilience and flexibility B) to accommodate muscle attachment C) to improve cervical center of gravity D) to accommodate the weight of the pelvic girdle
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A) to provide resilience and flexibility
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Which part of the vertebral column receives the most stress by bearing most of the weight of the body? A) the sacrum B) the cervical region C) the lumbar region D) the sacral promontory
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C) the lumbar region
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the location of the center of gravity of the body? A) It is 1 cm posterior to the sacral promontory. B) It is 2 cm anterior to the sacral foramina. C) It is 1 cm lateral to the sacroiliac joints of the pelvis. D) It is 1 cm superior to the median sacral crest.
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A) It is 1 cm posterior to the sacral promontory.
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Thoracic vertebrae differ from the other vertebrae in that they have ________. A) no transverse processes B) facets for attachment of ribs C) transverse foramina D) no intervertebral discs
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B) facets for attachment of ribs
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What is the major function of the axial skeleton? A) give the body resilience B) provide an attachment point for muscles that allow movement C) provide central support for the body and protect internal organs D) provide a space for the major digestive organs
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C) provide central support for the body and protect internal organs
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The antebrachium is composed of which of the following two bones? A) the radius and the ulna B) the humerus and the clavicle C) the scapula and the clavicle D) the humerus and the radius
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A) the radius and the ulna
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The "true wrist" or carpus consists of ________. A) a group of eight short bones united by ligaments B) the phalanges C) the styloid processes of the radius and ulna D) the metacarpals
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A) a group of eight short bones united by ligaments
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Which bone is in direct contact with the first metatarsal? A) medial cuneiform B) lateral cuneiform C) cuboid D) calcaneus
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A) medial cuneiform
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Choose the statement that is most correct about orbits. A) The orbits are formed of both facial and cranial bones. B) The orbits contain only facial bones. C) The orbits contain only cranial bones. D) The orbits are made entirely of cartilage.
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A) The orbits are formed of both facial and cranial bones
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Which of the following is true about paranasal sinuses? A) Paranasal sinuses open into the oral cavity. B) Paranasal sinuses enhance the resonance of the voice and lighten the skull. C) Paranasal sinuses contain passages acting as one-way valves. D) Paranasal sinuses are found in maxillary, ethmoid, and lacrimal bones.
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B) Paranasal sinuses enhance the resonance of the voice and lighten the skull
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The superior orbital fissure is formed in the sphenoid bone, whereas the inferior orbital fissure is formed between the sphenoid and ________. A) maxilla B) zygomatic C) ethmoid D) lacrimal
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A) maxilla
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Which of the following is the abnormal curve often seen in pregnant women as they attempt to preserve their center of gravity toward the end of the pregnancy? A) kyphosis B) hunchback C) scoliosis D) lordosis
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D) lordosis
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How are thoracic vertebrae 11 and 12 different from the other vertebrae? A) The orientation of the articular processes is different from all the other thoracic vertebrae. B) The transverse processes do not have facets that articulate with the tubercles of the ribs. C) There are two foramina on vertebrae 11 and 12. D) The spinous processes are directed parallel with the centrum.
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B) The transverse processes do not have facets that articulate with the tubercles of the ribs
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Which bone contains diaphysis and epiphysis areas, a tuberosity near its middle, and is proportionally more compact than spongy bone? A) parietal bone B) talus C) humerus D) cervical vertebra
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C) humerus
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The superior nasal concha is a part of which bone? A) vomer B) ethmoid C) sphenoid D) maxilla
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B) ethmoid
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The articulation that most closely resembles a hinge in the body involves which bones? A) humerus-ulna B) humerus-radius C) femur-tibia D) femur-fibula
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A) humerus-ulna
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The pelvic girdle does not include the ________. A) sacrum B) ilium C) ischium D) pubis
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A) sacrum
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Which of the following bones is not weight bearing? A) femur B) tibia C) fibula D) talus
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C) fibula
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Which portion of the fibula articulates with the talus? A) calcaneus B) head C) medial maleolus D) lateral maleolus
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D) lateral maleolus
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The heel bone is called the ________.
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calcaneus
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The lateral condyle of the femur articulates with the lateral condyle of the ________.
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tibia
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The medial condyle of the femur articulates with the medial condyle of the ________.
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tibia
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The largest foramen in the body is the ________ foramen
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obturator
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The smallest short bone in the hand is the ________.
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pisiform
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The styloid process of the ________ points to the thumb
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radius
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The large fossa on the anterior aspect of the scapula is the ________.
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subscapular fossa
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Only the ________ vertebrae have transverse foramina.
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cervical
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The ________ is the primary bone in the septum of the nose
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vomer
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Your "cheekbone" is mostly formed from the ________ bone
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zygomatic
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The ________ is a spinous process that is visible through the skin and can be used as a landmark for counting the vertebrae.
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vertebra prominens