Chp 7: The Skeleton

25 July 2022
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question
A Colleʹs fracture is a break in the distal end of the radius.
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TRUE
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All of the bones of the skull, except the mandible, are united by sutures and are therefore immovable.
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TRUE
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The foramen magnum goes through the occipital bone.
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TRUE
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The mastoid sinuses are located at a position in the skull where they are usually free from infections.
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FALSE
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The vertebral column is held in place primarily by the anterior and posterior longitudinal ligaments.
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TRUE
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Ribs numbered 11 and 12 are true ribs because they have no anterior attachments.
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FALSE
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The most common site of fracture in the humerus is the anatomical neck.
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FALSE
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The laymanʹs name for the scapula is the collarbone.
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FALSE
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A temporal bone protrusion riddled with sinuses is the styloid process.
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FALSE
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Costal cartilages join most ribs to the sternum.
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TRUE
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The tubercle of a rib articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra.
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TRUE
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In women of childbearing age, the dimensions of the true pelvis are of utmost importance.
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TRUE
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The term vertebrochondral ribs refers to ribs that attach to each other before they attach to the sternum.
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TRUE
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In the anatomical position, the lateral forearm bone is the radius.
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TRUE
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The vomer forms part of the nasal septum.
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TRUE
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The cranial vault of the skull is also called the calvaria.
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TRUE
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The lacrimal bones contain openings that allow the tear ducts to pass.
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TRUE
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The largest and strongest bone of the face is the maxilla.
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FALSE
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Each intervertebral disc possesses a nucleus pulposus and an annulus fibrosus.
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TRUE
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There are seven cervical, twelve thoracic, and five lumbar vertebrae.
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TRUE
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Lordosis affects the thoracic vertebrae.
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FALSE
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All vertebrae possess a body, a spine, and transverse foramina.
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FALSE
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The dens articulates with the axis.
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FALSE
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The master gland of the body (pituitary gland) is housed in a saddlelike depression in the temporal bone called the sella turcica.
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FALSE
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The ischium articulates with both the ilium and the pubis.
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TRUE
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A structure found on the femur is the ________. A) anterior crest B) malleolus C) linea aspera D) apex
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C) linea aspera
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Which forms the major portion of the coxal bone? A) ischium B) pubis C) ilium D) pelvic
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C) ilium
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The inferiormost part of the sternum is the ________. A) xiphoid process B) body C) manubrium D) ala
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A) xiphoid process
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The membranous areas between the cranial bones of the fetal skull are called ________. A) areolas B) foramina C) sutures D) fontanels
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D) fontanels
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The axial skeleton contains ________. A) the skull, vertebral column, and pelvis B) arms, legs, hands, and feet C) the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage D) shoulder and pelvic girdles
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C) the skull, vertebral column, and rib cage
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The ethmoid bone is composed of all of the following except the ________. A) superior nasal concha B) crista galli C) cribriform plate D) inferior nasal concha
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D) inferior nasal concha
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Only the ________ vertebra does not have a body. A) last lumbar B) axis C) atlas D) last cervical
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C) atlas
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The suture that connects the two parietal bones together is the ________. A) coronal B) sagittal C) lambdoid D) squamosal
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B) sagittal
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The pituitary gland is housed in the ________. A) vomer bone B) sinuses of the ethmoid C) sella turcica of the sphenoid D) foramen lacerum
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C) sella turcica of the sphenoid
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The hyoid bone is unique because ________. A) it is the only bone of the body that does not articulate with any other bone B) it is shaped like a plow C) it is covered with mucosa D) it has no specific function
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A) it is the only bone of the body that does not articulate with any other bone
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Along with support, the broad anterior ligament of the vertebral column also acts to ________. A) hold the discs in place B) prevent hyperextension of the spine C) hold the spine erect D) protect the spinal cord
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B) prevent hyperextension of the spine
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The major function of the intervertebral discs is to ________. A) absorb shock B) string the vertebrae together C) prevent injuries D) prevent hyperextension
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A) absorb shock
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All of the following facial bones are paired except one. Which of the following is the unpaired facial bone? A) palatine B) lacrimal C) vomer D) maxillae
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C) vomer
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Paranasal sinuses are found in which of these facial bones? A) zygomatic B) nasal conchae C) vomer D) maxillae
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D) maxillae
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Which of the following is an abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column often seen in the thoracic region? A) kyphosis B) scoliosis C) lordosis D) swayback
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B) scoliosis
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Which of the following phrases best describes the function of the vertebral curves? A) to provide resilience and flexibility B) to accommodate muscle attachment C) to absorb shock and trauma D) to accommodate the weight of the pelvic girdle
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A) to provide resilience and flexibility
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The body or centrum of the thoracic vertebrae are ________. A) triangular B) oval C) heart shaped D) round
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C) heart shaped
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Which part of the vertebral column receives the most stress by bearing most of the weight of the body? A) the sacrum B) the cervical region C) the lumbar region D) the sacral promontory
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C) the lumbar region
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Which of the following statements is true regarding the location of the center of gravity of the body? A) It is 1 cm posterior to the sacral promontory. B) It is 2 cm anterior to the sacral foramina. C) It is 1 cm lateral to the sacroiliac joints of the pelvis. D) It is 1 cm superior to the median sacral crest.
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A) It is 1 cm posterior to the sacral promontory.
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Thoracic vertebrae T2 through T8 differ from the others in that ________. A) they have no transverse processes B) they have superior and inferior demifacets C) they have transverse foramina D) they have no intervertebral discs
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B) they have superior and inferior demifacets
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The major function of the axial skeleton is to ________. A) give the body resilience B) provide an attachment point for muscles that allow movement C) provide central support for the body and protect internal organs D) provide a space for the heart and lungs
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C) provide central support for the body and protect internal organs
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The antebrachium is composed of which of the following two bones? A) the radius and the ulna B) the humerus and the clavicle C) the scapula and the clavicle D) the humerus and the radius
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A) the radius and the ulna
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The ʺtrue wristʺ or carpus consists of ________. A) a group of eight short bones united by ligaments B) the phalanges C) the styloid processes of the radius and ulna D) the metacarpals
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A) a group of eight short bones united by ligaments
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The short bone that attaches to the third metacarpal is the ________. A) trapezoid B) hamate C) capitate D) triquetral
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C) capitate
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The bone in direct contact with the first metatarsal (big toe) is the ________. A) medial cuneiform B) lateral cuneiform C) cuboid D) calcaneus
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A) medial cuneiform
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The skull bone that the foramen magnum passes through is the ________. A) atlas B) axis C) occipital D) parietal
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C) occipital
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Choose the statement that is most correct about orbits. A) The orbits are formed of both facial and cranial bones. B) The orbits contain only facial bones. C) The orbits contain only cranial bones. D) The orbits are made entirely of cartilage.
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A) The orbits are formed of both facial and cranial bones.
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Which of the following is true about paranasal sinuses? A) Paranasal sinuses open into the oral cavity. B) Paranasal sinuses enhance the resonance of the voice and lighten the skull. C) Paranasal sinuses contain passages acting as oneway valves. D) Paranasal sinuses are found in maxillary, ethmoid, and lacrimal bones.
answer
B) Paranasal sinuses enhance the resonance of the voice and lighten the skull.
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The middle nasal concha is part of which bone? A) maxilla B) zygomatic C) nasal D) ethmoid
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D) ethmoid
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The superior orbital fissure is formed in the sphenoid bone, whereas the inferior orbital fissure is formed between the ________ and ________. A) sphenoid/maxilla B) sphenoid/zygomatic C) sphenoid/ethmoid D) sphenoid/lacrimal
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A) sphenoid/maxilla
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Which of the following is the abnormal curve often seen in pregnant women as they attempt to preserve their center of gravity toward the end of the pregnancy? A) kyphosis B) spina bifida C) scoliosis D) lordosis
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D) lordosis
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Thoracic vertebrae 11 and 12 are different from the others in which of the following characteristics? A) The orientation of the articular processes is different from all the other thoracic vertebrae. B) The transverse processes do not have facets that articulate with the tubercles of the ribs. C) There are two foramina on vertebrae 11 and 12. D) The spinous processes are directed parallel with the centrum.
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B) The transverse processes do not have facets that articulate with the tubercles of the ribs.
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A bone that contains diaphysis and epiphysis areas, a curvature for strength, and is proportionally more compact than spongy bone is the ________. A) parietal bone B) talus C) humerus D) cervical vertebra
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C) humerus
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The superior nasal concha is a part of which bone? A) vomer B) ethmoid C) sphenoid D) maxilla
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B) ethmoid
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The articulation that most closely resembles a hinge in the body involves which bones? A) humerusulna B) humerusradius C) femurtibia D) femurfibula
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A) humerusulna
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The pelvic girdle does not include the ________. A) sacrum B) ilium C) ischium D) pubis
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A) sacrum
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The following is not a structure found on the ischium. A) superior ramus B) inferior ramus C) lesser sciatic notch D) superior body
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A) superior ramus
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Which of the following bones is not weight bearing? A) femur B) tibia C) fibula D) tarsus
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C) fibula
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The tibia is in contact with which tarsus? A) calcaneus B) cuboid C) navicular D) talus
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D) talus