Alpha-linolenic acid and linoleic acid are classified as _________ fatty acids.
essential
nonessential
saturated
trans
answer
essential
question
which is correct regarding trans fatty acids
They raise HDL and LDL cholesterol
They lower LDL cholesterol
They raise LDL and lower HDL cholesterol
They raise blood glucose
answer
They raise LDL and lower HDL cholesterol
question
Which of the following correctly characterizes lipids?
They do not dissolve in water.
They contain carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen.
They dissolve in water.
They are all classified as sterols.
answer
They do not dissolve in water.
question
The main difference between fats and oils is that fats are ________.
liquid at room temperature
solid at room temperature
structures containing only saturated fatty acids
structures with equal proportions of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids
answer
solid at room temperature
question
In what form is most body fat stored?
cholesterol.
phospholipids.
triglycerides.
None of these are correct.
answer
triglycerides.
question
Lipids with high saturated fatty acid content are ____________ at room temperature.
solid
liquid
warm
gaseous
answer
solid
question
The chief contributors of saturated fatty acids in the U.S. diet include ________.
whole grains
sunflower, soybean, and safflower oils
lecithins
animal products
answer
animal products
question
Saturated fatty acids predominate in which of the following lipids?
canola oil
safflower oil
butter
olive oil
answer
butter
question
Monounsaturated fatty acids ________.
are liquid at room temperature
have one double bond in the fatty acid chain
lower cholesterol
All of these responses are correct
answer
All of these are correct
question
Which of the following fats and oils provides the most polyunsaturated fatty acids?
olive oil
butter
soybean oil
None of the choices are correct.
answer
soybean oil
question
Which essential fatty acid is responsible for lowering the risk of coronary heart disease?
alpha-linolenic
linoleic
omega-6 fatty acids
omega-9 fatty acids
None of these choices are correct.
answer
alpha-linolenic
question
Cholesterol is ________.
not essential in the diet; the human body can synthesize it
not found in foods of plant origin
an important part of human cell membranes and is necessary to make some hormones
All of these choices are correct
answer
All of these choices are correct
question
In the Mediterranean Diet, the majority of fat in the diet is supplied by ________.
olive oil and olives
red meat
eggs
dairy
cheese
answer
olive oil and olives
question
Fat digestion begins in the ________.
intestines
stomach
mouth
liver
answer
mouth
question
Lingual lipase breaks down ________.
triglycerides
proteins
carbohydrates
None of these choices are correct
answer
triglycerides
question
Which lipoprotein is responsible for transporting cholesterol from the liver to tissues?
chylomicron
low density lipoprotein (LDL)
high density lipoprotein (HDL)
chylomicron remnant
answer
low density lipoprotein (LDL)
question
High levels of ______ in the blood are associated with lower risk of cardiovascular disease.
LDL
HDL
total cholesterol
triglycerides
answer
HDL
question
Which of the following lipoproteins contains the highest proportion of protein?
LDL
VLDL
HDL
chylomicrons
answer
HDL
question
Lipoprotein lipase functions to ________.
absorb fatty acids and glycerol into the lymph
reassemble chylomicrons into lipoproteins
break down triglycerides from lipoproteins for transfer into cells
break down diglycerides into cholesterol for transfer into cells
answer
break down triglycerides from lipoproteins for transfer into cells
question
High-density lipoproteins function in lipid transport by ________.
delivering cholesterol to target cells throughout the body
picking up cholesterol from dying cells and other sources for delivery to other lipoproteins and the liver for disposal
slowly carrying newly synthesized fats from the liver to various body cells
moving newly absorbed dietary fat through the intestinal wall
answer
picking up cholesterol from dying cells and other sources for delivery to other lipoproteins and the liver for disposal
question
Immediately after a meal, newly digested and absorbed dietary fats appear in the lymph, and then the blood, as a part of which of the following?
LDL
HDL
chylomicrons
cholesterol
answer
chylomicrons
question
Excessive intakes of saturated fatty acids tend to ________.
increase cholesterol deposited in arteries
decrease cholesterol levels in the veins
be of no concern to heart disease
increase HDL levels in the blood
answer
increase cholesterol deposited in arteries
question
Which of the following blood levels of LDL cholesterol would increase risk for cardiovascular disease?
100 mg/dl or less
130 mg/dl or less
130-159 mg/dl
over 160 mg/dl
answer
over 160 mg/dl
question
A diet designed to reduce elevated serum LDL cholesterol levels ________.
is low in saturated fats
is reduced in dietary cholesterol
provides adequate amounts of soluble fiber
All of these choices are correct
answer
is low in saturated fats
is reduced in dietary cholesterol
provides adequate amounts of soluble fiber
ANS: All of these are correct.
question
Trans fatty acids are now considered more atherogenic than saturated fatty acids because they ________.
are unnatural and only form during fat processing
cause excessive blood clotting
elevate LDL levels, while decreasing HDL
cause sudden cardiac arrest in post-menopausal women
answer
elevate LDL levels, while decreasing HDL
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