The most healthful dietary lipid to consume is __________.
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Omega-3 Fatty Acids
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A lipid that the body requires to make several critical substances but can't synthesize on its own is _____.
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20% to 35%
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How much of your daily caloric intake should come from all fats?
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Fatty Fish
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A good source of EPA and DHA in the diet is _____.
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3
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How many different forms of lipids are commonly found in food?
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Phospholipids
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Which of the three lipids commonly found in foods are used to manufacture cell membranes?
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True
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Triglycerides are the most common lipid found in foods.
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Fatty acid chains in a triglyceride molecule, which contain a single double bond, are referred to as monounsaturated fatty acids.
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Which of the following statements regarding the structure of triglycerides is TRUE?
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3
answer
Triglycerides consist of __________ fatty acids attached to a glycerol backbone.
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Intestines
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Our bodies synthesize cholesterol in the liver and __________.
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Hydrogen
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In a saturated fatty acid, every carbon atom is saturated with __________.
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Sterol
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Cholesterol is the most common __________ in the diet.
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Walnuts, Corn Oil, & Sesame Oil
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Which group of foods is a good source of polyunsaturated fats?
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Vitamin D
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An example of a compound synthesized from cholesterol is __________.
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Glycogens
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Which of the following are NOT major classes of dietary lipids?
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Three Fatty Acids & One Glycerol.
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A triglyceride is composed of
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Monounsaturated, Medium-Chain Fatty Acid
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A fatty acid that contains a chain of ten carbons and one double carbon bond is a
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Olive Oil And Cashew Nuts
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Which of the following foods are the BEST sources of monounsaturated fatty acids?
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Corn Oil
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Which of the following is the BEST source of polyunsaturated fatty acids?
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Hydrogenation
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The process of straightening an unsaturated fatty acid to create a more solid fat that resists rancidity is called
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Partially Hydrogenated Vegetable Oil
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Which of the following ingredients on the label of a box of cookies would alert you to the presence of trans fatty acids?
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We Need To Obtain Essential Fatty Acids From Food
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Which of the following is TRUE about essential fatty acids?
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Sterols Contain A Glycerol Backbone And One Fatty Acid.
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Which of the following statements is FALSE about sterols?
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Consumption Of Fat Helps Stimulate Our Appetite.
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Which of the following is NOT a function of fat in the human body?
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Alpha-Linolenic Acid
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Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) can be derived in limited quantities from
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Triglycerides
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The major form of fat in both food and the body is
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Nuts & Nut Butters
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Which of the following are excellent sources of unsaturated fats?
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None
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How many double bonds does a saturated fatty acid contain between carbons in the chain?
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False
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Only plants can synthesize cholesterol.
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False
answer
Plant fats provide 80-90% of their energy from saturated fats.
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False
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Saturated fatty acids can occur in either a cis or trans shape.
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False
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By the year 2019, most processed foods will probably contain only small amounts of trans fatty acids.
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False
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Saturated fats are typically liquid at room temperature.
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True
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The term "monounsaturated" describes a fatty acid containing one double bond between two carbon atoms along the chain.
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False
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Lipids that contain multiple carbon-ring structures are known as phospholipids.
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True
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Several recent research studies have indicated people who eat an ounce or two of nuts each day in addition to their usual diet did NOT gain as much weight as would be expected from their increased energy intake.
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Adipose Tissue
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Fat is stored in __________ for later use.
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70
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About 30 to __________ percent of the energy used at rest comes from fat.
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9
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Fat provides __________ kcals of energy per gram.
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90
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A meal containing 10 g of fat provides __________ kcal from fat.
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Adipose Tissue
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Where in the body are the majority of triglycerides stored for future energy needs?
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Adrenaline
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During exercise, which of the following triggers the breakdown of stored fat?
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29%
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Yesterday Nadia consumed 250 grams of carbohydrate, 75 grams of protein, and 60 grams of fat. What percentage of Calories of her day's intake came from fat?
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False
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Fat is digested and absorbed by the same process that digests and absorbs carbohydrates and proteins.
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True
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Most of the triglycerides in food reach the stomach without being chemically digested.
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Fats Are Nonessential Nutrients
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Which of the following statements is false?
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False
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Lipids enter the bloodstream directly after digestion.
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Pancreatic Lipase
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Which enzyme is responsible for the majority of the digestions of lipids?
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Clusters Of Fatty Acids, Monoglycerides, And Other Lipids Surrounded By Bile Salts That Transport Lipids Across The Cell Membrane Of The Villi
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What are micelles?
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Pancreas
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The gallbladder, liver, and __________ assist in fat digestion.
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Small Intestine
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The vast majority of fat digestion and absorption occurs in the
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Chylomicron
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Which lipoprotein is produced in the enterocytes and transports dietary fat into the lymphatic system?
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Albumin
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Fatty acids released from fat stores travel in the blood attached to the protein
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False
answer
Fat is digested more easily than carbohydrate or protein.
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10%
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The recommended intake of saturated fats is less than __________ of total energy intake.
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Walnuts
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To increase intake of omega-3 fatty acids, include fish, canola oil, ground flax seeds, or __________ in your diet.
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Fast Foods
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High fat intake is especially difficult to avoid if you regularly eat __________.
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20% to 35%
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The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for fat is __________ of total energy.
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No More Than 35%
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The Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Range (AMDR) for fat is what percentage of total energy intake?
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Swordfish
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Which of the following species of fish would likely contain the highest levels of contaminants?
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Olestra
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Which of the following is a fat replacer?
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3 Grams Or Less Of Fat
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The front of a box of chocolate cookies claims that they are "low-fat." If Gabriel eats one serving (two cookies), he will likely consume about
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Canola Oil
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Which of the following is a rich source of monounsaturated fatty acids, making it a good choice for cooking and baking?
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True
answer
Americans consume adequate amounts of linoleic acid but not enough ALA, EPA, or DHA.
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False
answer
Invisible or "hidden" fats are ones that are translucent at room temperature.
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False
answer
The human body cannot make cholesterol; thus, it is an essential nutrient we must consume in our diet in moderation.
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Chitosan
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The main ingredient in a popular fat blocker is __________.
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Small Intestine
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Fat blockers are said to decrease the amount of fat absorbed in the __________.
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Muscle Tissue
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In people who are regularly physically active, extra fat consumed in the diet is stored first in
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Arteries
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Atherosclerosis is a disease of narrowing of the __________.
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Stroke
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Hypertension (high blood pressure) signals an increased risk of heart attack and __________.
The DASH diet can be helpful in reducing risk for CVD by __________.
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1 Cup Yogurt With 1/2 A Cup Fruit & Nuts
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Which breakfast follows the guidelines of the DASH diet?
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90 mmHg
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You would be diagnosed with true hypertension if your systolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to 140 mmHg or your diastolic blood pressure was greater than or equal to
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C-reactive protein (CRP)
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A nonspecific marker of inflammation associated with cardiovascular disease is
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Regular Exercise
answer
Blood triglyceride levels are decreased by
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Maintaining Fat Intake To Within 20-35% Of Total Energy
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Which of the following recommendations has been shown to improve blood lipid levels and reduce the risk for cardiovascular disease?
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artery lining is injured, inflammation, blood lipids seep beneath lining, immune cells engulf the lipids and become foam cells, fatty streaks form, plaque accumulates, blood flow is diminished to tissues "downstream" of area
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Which of the following sequences BEST summarizes the gradual development of atherosclerosis?
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switching to the DASH diet
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At her recent routine physical, Barbara was diagnosed with hypertension. Which of the following lifestyle changes would help Barbara lower her blood pressure?
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True
answer
Primary or essential hypertension, accounting for approximately 45-55% of people, is hereditary.
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False
answer
High blood levels of HDL-cholesterol increase the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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False
answer
Plaque minimizes the accumulation of cholesterol at the sites of damaged blood vessels.
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False
answer
Cashews are high in saturated fats.
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True
answer
Even if the Nutrition Facts panel states 0 g trans fats, the product could still have 1/2 g of trans fat per serving.
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cis
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Which type of fatty acid has hydrogen atoms located on the same side of the double bond?
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triglycerides
answer
What is the primary form of fat in the diet?
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Low-Fat Milk
answer
Raymond is trying to decrease his intake of saturated fat. Which of the following items would you recommend he add to his coffee?
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True
answer
Lipids can be either solid or liquid at room temperature.
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False
answer
The three types of food lipids classified according to chemical structure are triglycerides, phospholipids, and glycerols.
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False
answer
Lipids with a glycerol backbone and two fatty acids with a phosphate group are known as sterols.
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Foods with a Nutrition Facts panel claiming "zero" trans fats per serving may actually contain trans fats.
answer
Which of the following statements is TRUE about trans fatty acids?
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Peanut Oil
answer
Which of the following is a rich source of linoleic acid?
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Hydrogenation gives the fatty acid chain more kinks.
answer
Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the process of hydrogenation?
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True
answer
Olive oil, canola oil, and cashew nuts are rich in monounsaturated fatty acids.
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True
answer
If the label on a package of refrigerator rolls indicates that the product contains partially hydrogenated oils, it will almost assuredly contain trans fats.
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especially harmful in the abdominal region.
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Body fat stores are
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They help transmit information between cells.
answer
What role do polyunsaturated fatty acids play in the brain and spinal cord?
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Esophagus
answer
Which of the following organs does NOT assist in the digestion of lipids?
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