Chapter 10 –

The study of defense mechanisms is associated not only with Sigmund Freud but also with: David Buss. Bertha Pappenheim. Alfred Adler. Anna Freud.

According to Carl Rogers, people experience anxiety when: they become conscious of unacceptable sexual urges. they feel inferior in the face of a challenging task. their self-concept is at odds with their experience. they cannot satisfy their basic needs.

The best-known projective test of personality is the: NEO-PI-R. TAT. MMPI-2-RF. Rorschach.

Which component of the personality uses defense mechanisms, and why? The superego uses defense mechanisms to help the id express its impulses. The ego uses defense mechanisms to prevent excessive anxiety. The superego uses defense mechanisms to help the individual conform to society. The id uses defense mechanisms to express its impulses.

A psychological test is reliable when it: has been normed using a sample representative of those for whom the test has been designed. measures the positives. measures what it is supposed to measure. yields consistent measurements.

Pearl is kind, cooperative, appreciative, and sympathetic. Ruby is outgoing, talkative, fun-loving, and sociable. Pearl probably scores high on the Big Five dimension of _____, whereas Ruby likely scores high on _____. openness; agreeableness agreeableness; extraversion eagerness; cheerfulness extraversion; openness

The _____ is the part of the personality that provides a buffer between the id and the outside world. superego alter ego ego conscience

Which term indicates the ability of a test to measure what it is actually designed to measure? Precision quotient Reliability Consistency Validity

A researcher develops a questionnaire to assess impulsiveness among adults. In a journal article, she presents evidence that college students tend to get essentially the same score if they take the test twice, two months apart. However, when you look at the sample questionnaire items she included in the article, it seems to you that they relate more to whether a person is sociable, outgoing, and fun than to whether an individual is impulsive. You are specifically questioning the _____ of the researcher's questionnaire. norm reliability validity generalizability

According to Freud, the _____ stage is a stage from birth to age 12 to 18 months in which an infant's center of pleasure is the mouth. phallic oral anal genital

Proponents of which of the following approaches to personality are most likely to take an interactionist stand on the nature vs. nurture issue, rather than a strict "nature" or a strict "nurture" position? Learning Biological/evolutionary Psychodynamic Humanistic

According to Adler, parents can facilitate their children's development by: helping them overcome feelings of personal inferiority. helping them master key tasks like weaning and toilet training. helping them master key tasks like weaning and toilet training. providing consistently and adequately for their needs.

Because of federal legislation, race norming on tests such as the General Aptitude Test Battery: was discontinued in the early 1990s. was reinstated in the 1980s. was discontinued in the 1970s. continues today.

The _____ provides a "safe haven" for our recollections of threatening events. semi-conscious unconscious subconscious conscious

To Freud, much of our personality is determined by the _____. unconscious semiconscious conscious subconscious