Question 1

What portion of the sternum is identified by the letter A?

Accepted Answer

manubrium The manubrium is the superior portion of the sternum.

Question 2

During cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), it is important to place the compression hands over the sternal body but not over the xiphoid process so that _________.

Accepted Answer

there is little risk of physically damaging the heartDuring CPR the heart is compressed between the sternum and spine. When done properly, the heart never comes into direct contact with any bony prominence that could cause severe cardiac trauma.

Question 3

Why is the rib at B considered a true rib?

Accepted Answer

it passes from the vertebral column to the sternum via its own costal cartilageTrue, or vertebrosternal, ribs make a complete circuit around the thoracic cage in a ring that includes their own costal cartilage.

Question 4

Which of the following bones does NOT fit with the other listed bones?

Accepted Answer

the clavicle The clavicle of part of the appendicular skeleton, while the vertebrae, sternum, and ribs are part of the axial skeleton

Question 5

Each of the 12 ribs articulates with one vertebrae. Is this statement true or false?

Accepted Answer

False Each rib articulates with two separate vertebrae. The tubercle of the rib articulates with the rib facet of a thoracic vertebra on the transverse process. The head of the rib articulates with the bodies of two separate vertebrae.

Question 6

Costal cartilages join most ribs to the sternum

Accepted Answer

True

Question 7

What is the most specific term you could apply to the rib at D?

Accepted Answer

floating rib This is a floating rib because it does not articulate with a costal cartilage and instead terminates in the body wall.

Question 8

How many pairs of ribs articulate directly with the sternum?

Accepted Answer

7Correct. There are 7 pairs of true ribs in the human body. True ribs articulate directly with the sternum.

Question 9

How many pairs of ribs are considered false ribs?

Accepted Answer

5Correct. 5 pairs of ribs are false ribs. False ribs either attach to the sternum indirectly by articulating with the costal cartilage of the rib above it, or do not attach to the sternum at all.

Question 10

How many ribs make up the rib cage?

Accepted Answer

24Correct. The rib cage is composed of 12 pairs of ribs, 24 ribs in total. The 12 pairs of ribs articulate with the thoracic vertebrae posteriorly.

Question 11

Identify the part of a rib that articulates in the demi-facets of the thoracic vertebra.

Accepted Answer

head Correct. The head of a rib articulates in a region between 2 thoracic vertebrae, contacting the inferior demi-facet of the top vertebra, and the superior demi-facet of the bottom vertebra.

Question 12

Identify the region of a rib that articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra.

Accepted Answer

tubercle Correct. The tubercle of a rib is located between the neck and shaft of the rib at the proximal end of the bone. It contacts the transverse process at the transverse costal facet.

Question 13

The tubercle of a rib articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 14

The term vertebrochondral ribs refers to ribs that attach to each other before they attach to the sternum

Accepted Answer

True

Question 15

Identify the common name for the clavicle.

Accepted Answer

Collarbone Correct. The clavicles run horizontally across the top of the chest in the region of the collar of a shirt.

Question 16

Identify the bone that articulates with the clavicle medially.

Accepted Answer

sternum Correct. The medial, or sternal end of the clavicle articulates with the manubrium of the sternum.

Question 17

Identify the bone that articulates with the clavicle laterally.

Accepted Answer

scapula Correct. The lateral end of the clavicle articulates with the acromion process of the scapula forming the acromioclavicular joint.

Question 18

Identify the bone that makes up the pectoral girdle with the clavicle.

Accepted Answer

Scapula Correct. Together the scapula and clavicle form the pectoral girdle, an incomplete bony ring surrounding the upper thorax

Question 19

Identify the specific process by which the clavicle develops.

Accepted Answer

intramembranous ossification Correct. The clavicles and the cranial bones of the skull develop from a fibrous membrane. This process is known as intramembranous ossification.

Question 20

The clavicle belongs to which of the following areas?

Accepted Answer

Appendicular skeleton Correct. The bones making up the arms and legs, along with the pectoral and pelvic girdles, which anchor the limbs on to the axial skeleton make up the appendicular skeleton.

Question 21

Which of the following landmarks is found on the posterior surface of the scapula?

Accepted Answer

SpineCorrect. The spine of the scapula is on the back of the bone and can easily be palpated.

Question 22

Identify the socket of the shoulder joint

Accepted Answer

Glenoid cavity Correct. The glenoid cavity is a round flat surface that serves as the socket of the shoulder joint. Because of its flat nature, the joint is highly moveable. It is stabilized by the rotator cuff muscles

Question 23

Which of the following is a bony articulation for the scapula?

Accepted Answer

the acromion Yes, the acromion forms a joint with the clavicle.

Question 24

Because of its large bony connection to the thoracic bones, the pectoral girdle is very stable. Is this statement true or false?

Accepted Answer

false The only bony connection between the pectoral girdle and the thoracic bones is the clavicle. This makes the pectoral girdle very mobile but not very strong.

Question 25

Which of the following bones is NOT part of pectoral girdle?

Accepted Answer

the humerusThe humerus is part of the upper limb.

Question 26

Which of the following features of the humerus is NOT designated by a letter label?

Accepted Answer

medial epicondyle The medial epicondyle is located on the distal humerus on the side toward the body (in anatomical position).

Question 27

The feature at letter C articulates with which bone?

Accepted Answer

scapula The head of the humerus articulates with the scapula at the glenoid cavity.

Question 28

What part of this bone articulates with the ulna?

Accepted Answer

DThe feature at D forms the primary contact with the ulna in the elbow joint. Processes from the ulna enter the olecranon and coronoid fossae during elbow flexion and extension.

Question 29

Which of the following is a bone marking of the humerus?

Accepted Answer

deltoid tuberosity The deltoid tuberosity is a marking of the humerus. It is a roughened site where attachment to the deltoid muscle of the shoulder occurs

Question 30

The most common site of fracture in the humerus is the anatomical neck.

Accepted Answer

false

Question 31

The shallow socket of the shoulder joint restricts the movement of the humerus but does increase the stability of the joint.

Accepted Answer

false

Question 32

When you hit your elbow and say that you hit your funny bone, you have actually hit a nerve that runs across the bone surface. Over which bone can this nerve be found?

Accepted Answer

humerusThe ulnar nerve, which runs behind the medial epicondyle of the humerus at its distal end (at the elbow), is responsible for the painful, tingling sensation you experience when you hit your funny bone (associate humerus with humorous).

Question 33

The antebrachium is composed of which of the following two bones?

Accepted Answer

the radius and the ulna

Question 34

Since a Colles' fracture can occur when a falling person attempts to break the fall with outstretched hands, an X ray will typically show that, at the site of the fracture, the hand is displaced in a ____________ direction.

Accepted Answer

dorsalDorsal refers to an object facing backward or directed toward the back.

Question 35

Which forearm bone(s) contribute(s) most heavily to the elbow joint?

Accepted Answer

the ulna

Question 36

In the anatomical position, the lateral forearm bone is the radius.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 37

The true wrist or carpus consists of ________.

Accepted Answer

a group of eight short bones united by ligaments

Question 38

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The radius is the lateral bone in the forearm In the anatomical position, the radius would be supinated into the lateral position.

Question 39

Phalanges

Accepted Answer

The fingers have three of these bones and the thumb has only two.

Question 40

Humerus

Accepted Answer

This bone articulates with the glenoid fossa.

Question 41

Radius

Accepted Answer

Forearm bone that articulates with most of the carpals.

Question 42

People who work at computer keyboards all day repeatedly flex their wrists and fingers and therefore become susceptible to carpal tunnel syndrome, a condition in which inflammation of tissue causes tingling and pain. Which one of the following treatments will be least likely to reduce the pain?

Accepted Answer

squeezing tennis balls in both hands in order to strengthen the wrist and finger muscles This action is exactly the same as what causes the initial condition.

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