APUSH Chapter 33

A series of reforms enacted by the Franklin Roosevelt administration between 1933 and 1942 with the goal of ending the Great Depression.

Roosevelt-declared closing of all U.S. financial institutions on March 6-10, 1933, in order to stop panic and prepare reforms.

The special session of Congress that Roosevelt called to launch his New Deal programs. The special session lasted about three months: 100 days.

Roosevelt essentials of the New Deal: Recovery, Relief, and Reform

informal talks given by FDR over the radio; sat by White House fireplace; gained the confidence of the people

Provided the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) which insured individual deposits up to $5000, thereby eliminating the epidemic of bank failure and restoring faith to banks.

(FDIC) is a United States government corporation created by the Glass-Steagall Act of 1933. It provides deposit insurance, which guarantees the safety of deposits in member banks.

FDR took the country off the gold standard and then inflated the currency by buying gold at higher prices. To relieve the misery of the debtor.

Civilian Conservation Corps. It was Relief that provided work for young men 18-25 years old in food control, planting, flood work, etc.

(Federal Emergency Relief Administration) a Hoover program to create unskilled jobs for relief; expanded by FDR and Harry Hopkins; replaced by WPA in 1935.

Agricultural Adjustment Administration: attempted to regulate agricultural production through farm subsidies; ruled unconstitutional in 1936; disbanded after World War II.

(Home Owners' Loan Corporation) Relief and Recovery. Helped home-owners and mortgage companies. government payed companies for the home-owners so they could keep their homes and pay off w/ lower interest and longer time.

Civil Works Adminstration: emergency work relief program, put more than four million people to work during the winter of 1933-34

a critic of the New Deal; created the National Union for Social Justice; wanted a monetary inflation and the nationalization of the banking system

"Kingfish" Rep. senator of LA; pushed "Share Our Wealth" program and make "Every Man a King' at the expense of the wealthy; assassinated

Work Progress Administration: Massive work relief program funded projects ranging from construction to acting; disbanded by FDR during WWII

National Recovery Administration: established and adminstered a system of industrial codes to control production, prices, labor relations, and trade practices

Public Works Administration. Part of Roosevelts New Deal programs. Put people to work building or improving public buildings like schools, post offices,etc.

Former Bull Moose progressive who spent billions of federal dollars on public building projects while carefully guarding against waste.

A drought in the 1930s that turned the Great Planes very dry.

derogatory name given to victims of the Dust Bowl who headed for California. These people were discriminated against because they took jobs away from Californians.

The story follows the fortunes of a poor family as they travel from the Dust Bowl region to California. based on the great depression written by John Steinbeck

1934 - Restored tribal ownership of lands, recognized tribal constitutions and government, and provided loans for economic development.

Lent money to sharecroppers and tenant farmers to help them buy their own farms; established camps for migrant workers.

(FDR) 1933, 1934, , required promoters to transmit to the investor sworn information regarding the soundness of their stocks and bonds

(Securities and Exchange Commission) regulates the securities industry, the nation's stock and options exchanges, and other activities and organizations.

(Tennessee Valley Authority Act) Relief, Recover, and Reform. one of the most important acts that built a hyro-electric dam for a needed area.

(Federal Housing Administration) Expanded private home ownership among moderate-income families through federal guarantees of private mortgages, the reduction of down payments from 30 to 10 percent, and the extension of repayment from 20 to 30 years; continues to function today.

(FDR) 1935, guaranteed retirement payments for enrolled workers beginning at age 65; set up federal-state system of unemployment insurance and care for dependent mothers and children, the handicapped, and public health

1935, also National Labor Relations Act; granted rights to unions; allowed collective bargaining

Made sure workers were treated and payed well and not getting abused by their business. It also enforced the law and supervised shop elections

Congress of Industrial Organizations. proposed by John L. Lewis in 1932. a federation of unions that organized workers in industrial unions in the United States and Canada from 1935 to 1955.

govenor from kansas who ran for president against Roosevelt in 1936 election; didn't accept Social Security Act

A conservative anti-New Deal organization; members included Alfred Smith, John W. Davis, and the Du Pont family. It criticized the "dictatorial" policies of Roosevelt and what it perceived to be his attacks on the free enterprise system.

Attempt by Roosevelt to appoint one new Supreme Court justice for every sitting justice over the age of 70 who had been there for at least 10 years. Wanted to prevent justices from dismantling the new deal. Plan died in congress and made opponents of New Deal inflamed.

Justice who argued the First Amendment protects all publications, even wholly obscene ones.

1937 economic downturn caused by sound fiscal policy due to cut spending and higher taxes

English economist who advocated the use of government monetary and fiscal policy to maintain full employment without inflation (1883-1946)

1939 - Prohibited federal office holders from participating actively in political campaigns or soliciting or accepting contributions.